Included in this are also other forces of Indian kingdoms. What allowed British troops in the 18th century, like at the battle of Plassey, to confidently take on and defeat much larger Mughal forces? What was it that gave these British forces the edge that made them serious opponents of the Mughal empire? Was it discipline, weapons, tactics, morale or politics that allowed this?
These are mainly about the Sikh armies, not the Mughals, but while you wait you will probably be interested in this answer from /u/ParkSungJun
And this one from /u/LXT130J
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7de1gj/many_indian_armies_in_the_late_1700s_adopted/