How would you search for a very old and historic piece of paper?

I’m not sure if the question is perfect but if I may use an example and ask a question.

Hamilton, the play/film brought up an interesting question for me.

Assuming Eliza’s letters to Hamilton weren’t actually burned or destroyed, but simply just lost, how would you look for it?

What steps would you take to find them?

Is there a team involved for something like this or “on your own time” sort of deal?

I hope this is a question that won’t get removed by a bot!

1 Answers 2020-08-27

Why do romanized Chinese words vary in spelling so much?

I can see how the spellings of Peking and Beijing might both be derived from hearing the same word slightly differently. Xi'an and Chang'an, however, are drastically different, and Chiang Kai-shek and Jiang Jieshi are almost entirely different. In the latter instance, how could one romanizer possibly hear two hard k's where the other doesn't? The only consistent thing between different systems seems to be the number of syllables. Why would separate romanization systems using the same alphabet to represent the same sounds have so much variance in which letters they choose to represent those sounds?

1 Answers 2020-08-27

What happened to Dark Age English pottery?

While watching BBC's Time Team program, I’ve noticed that archaeologist Mick Aston mentions multiple times there isn’t any pottery in Dark Age England (I believe he specifically mentions the 5th, 6th, and 7th centuries). Is this true? Is there really no pottery made in England during this time? If so, what leads an entire population of people to halt production of something that had been made for thousand of years before this period for multiple centuries?

1 Answers 2020-08-27

What do I need to know about Ancient Greek life, architecture, and culture do I need to know to create an authentic feel for a D&D campaign? (Specifically for the world of Theros from the D&D sourcebook Mythic Odyssey of Theros.)

If you’re familiar with the book, I’m mainly just looking to fill in the gaps that the book doesn’t really cover.

For example, I’m aware of the different orders (like Doric, Tuscan, Ionic, Corinthian, and composite) but I don’t know if the orders are only used to describe the pillars (I wouldn’t be surprised if there’s a more accurate name for them) or if they extend to other parts.

Another example would be what kinds of foods would be customarily made and would the types of food eaten in a poor home versus a wealthy home versus a tavern/inn differ from each other.

Final example would be if there’s aqueduct systems in the poleis (and drainage) and how would they work?

Edit: I don’t know how to change the flair. (I’m on mobile.)

1 Answers 2020-08-27

How do I identify the last document J Edgar Hoover ever signed?

I have a letter Hoover sent to my grandfather, who was an attorney, that is dated May 1, 1972 - the day before Hoover's death from a heart attack.

I am interested generally in connecting with a Hoover expert to discuss the historical context and significance of the letter, which I realize must surely have been only one of dozens of letters and other documents Hoover would have signed that day.

That said, the lore in my family for all these years has been that this may be the "last document Hoover ever signed". I am interested in how I might go about finding evidence for or against this fact.

Thanks for any and all input and advice!

1 Answers 2020-08-27

Did the native americans tame other animals that europeans brought?

We know that native americans tamed horses that espaced to the wild.

But did native americans try to raise other old world farm animals other than the horse? Like cows, sheep, goats, pigs, chickens, Etc.

2 Answers 2020-08-27

A lot of classical works depict women fainting/getting tired very easily. Even if is an overused trope and might not have been as prevalent, I was wondering if their living conditions had anything to do with it's origins?

Because these women are usually from the upper classes, I was wondering if their living conditions had anything to do with it? Limited physical activity, staying indoors, lack of sunlight, eating less? I read about cosmetics having toxic ingredients and a regular lack of hygiene, as well as eating less as that was considered ladylike. Working women are hardly ever depicted fainting or frail, and these factors were mostly absent in the working classes.

Edit: Some answers are mentioning corsets, and I'm aware that they have a reputation as a cause for breathing difficulties and a general hindrance. (Although I've come across people who argue that the pictorial depictions often exaggerate the effect they had, and that regularly worn corsets were not nearly as strangling as they are made out to be.)

However, I wanted to know if there were lesser known, inconspicuous factors that may have contributed to women being perceived as inherently prone to fainting/falling ill easily.

2 Answers 2020-08-27

How trustworthy are declassified documents? Do historians use it as a reliable source?

Are declassified documents (from agencies such as CIA and KGB) seen as trustworthy by history experts? My question includes both documents related to internal affairs (e.g. reports on the US by American agencies) and external intelligence (e.g. CIA reports on the Ussr, Iran, etc.). Continuing on with the latter example, would those documents for example inflate numbers of active military personnel, number of tanks and such to get extra funding from the government (and deflate the numbers regarding internal matters to make it seem like additional funding is required).

Thank you!

2 Answers 2020-08-27

I'm a high ranking Mexica military officer living in Tenochtitlan in 1480. What is the extent of my knowledge when it comes to other peoples around the world?

1 Answers 2020-08-27

Thursday Reading & Recommendations | August 27, 2020

Previous weeks!

Thursday Reading and Recommendations is intended as bookish free-for-all, for the discussion and recommendation of all books historical, or tangentially so. Suggested topics include, but are by no means limited to:

  • Asking for book recommendations on specific topics or periods of history

  • Newly published books and articles you're dying to read

  • Recent book releases, old book reviews, reading recommendations, or just talking about what you're reading now

  • Historiographical discussions, debates, and disputes

  • ...And so on!

Regular participants in the Thursday threads should just keep doing what they've been doing; newcomers should take notice that this thread is meant for open discussion of history and books, not just anything you like -- we'll have a thread on Friday for that, as usual.

18 Answers 2020-08-27

Why did Imperial Japan not move on Dutch colonies in SE Asia in early 30s?

By the time they set to invade Dutch East Indies, there was the clear threat of USA, and to neutralise USA they conducted Pearl Harbor.

The world tension and alliance coverage was much thinner in early 30s, and Showa statism had already emerged by then. So maybe they could have gotten away with taking DEE without making the whole world their enemies.

1 Answers 2020-08-27

If samurais were mostly horse archer, and those on foot are mainly using spears, then how come we get the “the katana” culture that is so popular today?

5 Answers 2020-08-27

How old is Hinduism?

I really don't know much but I actually thought Zoroastrianism, Judaism and Hinduism were all ancient religions of comparable age.

This comment now states that Hinduism is 4000 years old. That would make it much older than the older two.

How true is this?

1 Answers 2020-08-27

What used to be the routine of a lower tier nobleman in the 1000s

What was the day to day drudgery of say a count living in England who has sworn fealty to some duke or a king. What was his daily routine like? How would he go about administering his piece of land? Do we have any records of those daily tasks and activities these people would engage in?

1 Answers 2020-08-27

Babylon Berlin: Historical Accuracies & Inaccuracies?

I was wondering if the historians here knew enough to comment on the historical accuracies and inaccuracies of the German series Babylon Berlin, which is set in the late 1920s during the Weimar Republic. It’d be nice to know about groups like the Red Fortress & the Black Reichswehr, characters such as Ernst Gennat & Hans Litten, & the accuracy of the political factions shown, such as the KPD (Communists), the SPD (Social Democrats), those with conservative monarchist sympathies, & the NSDAP (the Nazis).

I think this would be a fun topic to discuss for a great series!

1 Answers 2020-08-27

Where exactly did Slope-Intercept Form come from?

Recently, I saw a video in which a teenage girl was putting on makeup and questioning why higher math was as focused on as it was in antiquity. She specifically mentioned the Pythagorean theorem, and then mentioned slope-intercept form, y = mx +b. I knew why Pythagoras was interested in math such that playing with squares until you find the ratios of the sides of a right triangle would be considered a worthy philosophical pursuit, but slope-intercept form stumped me. I genuinely had no idea who the first person to write y = mx + b was.

Given that Y and X are used to express points on a line, I know that it has to come post Descartes creating the field of linear algebra, and research online indicated that Euler may have been the more common mathematician to use m as a stand-in for slope. But in my research, I couldn’t find a particular attestation to a specific work by either mathematician, (or any other, for that matter) which indicated who actually figured out that a linear equation could be expressed this way. So my question is, which mathematician (of these two or beyond) first formulated the slope-intercept equation, and in what work did they formulate it?

1 Answers 2020-08-27

White people desguising as Native Americans to commit crimes has become a common trope in Western movies and TV-series. Do we have any documentation to support that such actions ever occured? Or is it a trope born out of political correctness?

1 Answers 2020-08-27

I need help in understanding Karl Marx's contribution to philosophy/Economics/Politics. I'm not sure if this is the right sub, but it may be?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eU-AkeOyiOQ&t=3736s Reference!

One thing does not make sense to me at 6:30.

Prof. Wolf says that Marx does not talk about the future (not a crystal ball) and was mostly a critique/philosopher. If he wasn't trying to promote socialism/communism, why would he write books for politicians to use? Eg: Communist Manifesto.

Also, whenever I interact with a Marxist, they say socialism is not a prescription given by Marx but rather a set of objective economic conditions. Doesn't this seem contradictory? (ironically)

I say this because he does talk about the dictatorship of the proletariat, lower phase communism, a means to an end to the 'current' economic system i.e CAPITALISM.

Edit: Formating

Edit2: Post redirected to AskPhilosophy

1 Answers 2020-08-27

How true are the claims made by Hindu New Age leader Osho about Christianity?

I found an extended criticism uttered by the religious leader Osho against Christianity and would like to confirm here if several statements made in it are true. I have removed most of the quote for brevity:

Source: http://www.alaalsayid.com/ebooks/OSHO%20pdf/From%20Personality%20to%20Individuality.html

Question 1

OSHO,ARE YOU ESPECIALLY AGAINST CHRISTIANITY?

...(t)he worst kind of indoctrination that Christianity has put into people's minds (is) (1) (t)he idea of the crusade, of a religious war, (which is a) great contribution of Christianity. Mohammedanism learned it from Christianity; they cannot claim to be the originators of the idea. They call it jehad, holy war, but they came five hundred years later than Jesus. Christianity had already created in people's minds the idea that a war too can be religious.

(2) ...the first world war happened in the Christian context, the second world war happened in the Christian context, and the third world war is going to happen in the Christian context.
(3) Adolf Hitler was saying to his people, "This war is holy"; it was a crusade. He was simply using Christianity's contribution. (4) He was a Christian, and he believed himself to be the reincarnation of the prophet, Elijah.

(5) Adolf Hitler was blessed by the German archbishop, who told him, "You are going to win because Christ is with you and God is with you." (6) And the same fools were blessing Winston Churchill, saying, "God is with you and Christ is with you -- you are sure to win."

(7) Mussolini was being blessed by the pope -- a representative, an infallible representative, of Jesus Christ.

To paraphrase them, how true is each of the following:

  1. That "religious war" is a concept that originated from Christianity;
  2. That World War I and II happened because of Christianity;
  3. That Hitler called his war holy;
  4. That Hitler was a Christian and called himself the reincarnation of Elijah;
  5. That Hitler was blessed by the German archibishop and got told that he was going to win because "Christ and God are with you";
  6. That Winston Churchill was also blessed and told "God is with you and Christ is with you - you are sure to win."
  7. That Mussolini was blessed by the pope.

If they are not true, where might he have gotten the ideas from?

Thanks.

1 Answers 2020-08-27

Iconic gay disco group The Village People have a song called YMCA, about the global Christian organisation of gyms, youth hostels, etc. At the time of the song's release were YMCAs a known gay hangout? Or was the song aimed at subverting a very "straight" institution?

1 Answers 2020-08-27

What Kind Of Food Was Served At Tiki-Themed Restaurants?

I'm kind of assuming that if you rolled up to a tiki restaurant in the United States in your metallic mint green Cadillac, and came in past the decorative waterfall to the smooth sounds of Les Baxter and order your first mai tai, you weren't in for an authentic Polynesian cuisine experience. So what was "tiki food" like?

1 Answers 2020-08-27

What was Poland's relationship with Czechoslovakia like, in the lead up to WWII.

I just read Robert Forczyk's Case White about the invasion of Poland, he devotes a couple of paragraphs to the Polish annexation of the Czech territories of Zaolzie in 1938. Writing that since the Czech's hadn't stood up to the Germans, it made sense for the Poles to act while they had the opportunity.

I'm curious about Polish/Czech relationship before and after Munic, and if there was ever any exploration of a defence pact against German or the USSR?

1 Answers 2020-08-27

Italy fought Austria and Germany in WW1. Did Mussolini get any push-back when he allied with the Nazis from Italians who saw the Germans/Austrians as enemies?

1 Answers 2020-08-27

In HBO Band of Brothers, there is an episode that features young German soldier, who was born in the US, but his family move back to the Germany because of Nazi propaganda. Are there any books/movies that deals with this? What was a life like for these families after returning to Germany?

1 Answers 2020-08-27

Why / How did Richard the Lionheart become known as an absent king?

I think this is a question about the history of history, or how history has (sometimes) been tied into the narratives people choose to tell / need at a point in time.

When I was in school, Richard the Lionheart was taught to me as a brave crusader, noble knight but an absent king, who abandoned England to the ruinous charge of his younger brother John.

I now realise thats rather simplistic. After all, Richard was also in line for the Duchy of Aquitaine, and spent a fair amount of time there (not least building the Saucy Castle, a name I love!).

So how did we get here? How did the history get written that Richard is an absent king? Or, and this may be more apposite, who's responsible?

Edit: spelling / grammar

1 Answers 2020-08-27

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