I am an illiterate Jewish person living in Roman-occupied Judaea. How do I learn the kosher dietary laws and other relevant rules about purity if I cannot study them?

Do I learn them at weekly services? From my family?

1 Answers 2022-08-10

In Don Quixote, reading too many novels drives Quixote insane. I read somewhere that the Spanish Crown forbade the export of these proto-novels to the new world on fear that the settlers would become unable to distinguish fiction from reality. Was this a widespread concept in early modern Spain?

1 Answers 2022-08-10

What happened to the Germans outside the republic of Germany after ww2?

So Germany was a lot bigger before ww2 and stuff and so there must have been Germans living in the Eastern areas that now belong to Poland, right? What happened to them after the borders changed? Did they assimilate into Poland or moved back to Germany or something else?

1 Answers 2022-08-09

Heard claim on a podcast: "More documents have survived[/been transmitted] from the [non-Islamic/Byzantine] European 'Dark Ages' [c. 500 - 800 CE] than from the height of Rome [c. 100 BCE - 200 CE]; they are just in many different languages rather than just Latin and Greek". Is this true?

Sorry for potentially confusing title. I am just trying to add enough nuance I don't get well-meaning responses trying to inform me that Byzantium existed.

This is specifically about "Europe" in the Robert Bartlett sense (Carolingian and other states in their orbit, plus their temporal neighbors who aren't more in the Islamic/Byzantine orbit).

The claim is from C. Derrick Varn, who seems pretty into medieval historiography but is not an expert. Hence why I am asking here :)

1 Answers 2022-08-09

What was 'Clockwise' and 'Counterclockwise' or 'Anticlockwise' called before there were clocks? People still needed to describe things rotating or spinning in a certain direction, didn't they?

1 Answers 2022-08-09

Is it true that FDR snubbed Owens in his Olympic achievements and not Hitler?

I am going to be a second year history teacher. I continuously do my own research and I am always shocked when I hear about a misconception or myth that goes against what I was taught. My question is, was it true that FDR snubbed Jesse Owens in the 1936 Olympics and not Hitler? I was always taught that Hitler refused to shake Owens hand and Owens single handedly ended the idea of “supreme Aryan race". If you want to include details of what 1936 Berlin was like and why the US should not have been involved in the Olympics at all, it would be much appreciated!

1 Answers 2022-08-09

Why didn't the USSR recreate the Comintern after WW2?

1 Answers 2022-08-09

In which cities were the remains of the Dirty War found?

I am writing a short story and need help in finding and describing a city along the Río de la Plata. It needs to allow for a middle to lower middle class area and a place where familirs would have been permitted to visit the beach/shore. Furthermore, it needs to be a place where one can imagine, or maybe it did happen, in which remains of the disappeared, those killed in death flight, would/could be found.

I am considering Quilmes but also La Platas, Punta Piedras, and Samborombon. Pretty much any city in which remains from death flights were known to wash up or could wash up.

If you know of such accounts or have any details/images of the city or shore, or know where I can find them, that date back to about 1977-1983, please let me know. I am needing to describe the setting and events in a particular city but I'm struggling to find sources online.

If you feel that a better understanding of the story would help you to lead me towards sources that will help build the setting and get historical facts straight, please let me know and I'm more than willing to send the synopsis.

Thank you in advance.

2 Answers 2022-08-09

Why did Iran change their name from Persia to Iran?

I've typed this into google and it seems to be believed that the change came after an ambassador went over to Nazi Germany and was convinced due to being a cognate of the word Aryan, which signalled they were an Aryan race.

Is there much truth to this? Was it even a consideration? Or was it just because the Persian word for Persia is Iran?

2 Answers 2022-08-09

[META] What is the best way to respond when the question contains a clear factual error?

Sometimes there is a question that contains a clear factual error. E.g., (based loosely on a question I just read): "Why were the Soviets able to launch a satellite into space under Stalin?"

Is the preferred response a correction? Something like, "Actually, the Soviets didn't manage to place a satellite into orbit until October 1957, which was over four years after Stalin's death in March 1953. So the answer is, they weren't."

Or is it preferred to try to answer as much of the question as possible? Something like, "While the Soviet space program didn't manage to place a satellite into orbit until after Stalin's death, it did make significant gains while Stalin ruled, which I'll discuss in the next seven paragraphs before concluding with an assessment of how the Stalin-era space program laid the foundation for the notable successes under Khrushchev. . . ."

5 Answers 2022-08-09

How would a young American man travel to Japan for his honeymoon in 1893?

Edit Henry Stimson probably did NOT honeymoon in Kyoto, despite what his Wikipedia page says. See the amazing answer from /u/restricteddata below

Henry Stimson honeymooned in Kyoto as a young man in 1893. 52 years later, as Secretary of War, he pushed heavily for Kyoto to not receive an atomic bomb.

How would someone like him travel to Japan for a honeymoon in 1893? Was honeymooning in East Asia a "thing" in that time period?

1 Answers 2022-08-09

I've gotten fascinated with the Three Kingdoms period of China. What books about the topic are worth reading?

The books I saw in the wiki here are all in the +200 USD range and I can't afford that.

2 Answers 2022-08-09

I have read that knights would sometimes joust to gain their opponents weapons and horses which makes sense to me but I am also reading they would take their ransom, what does this mean?

1 Answers 2022-08-09

AMA: Female Pirates

Hello! My name is Dr. Rebecca Simon and I’m a historian of the Golden Age of Piracy. I completed my PhD in 2017 at King’s College London where I researched public executions of pirates. I just published a new book called Pirate Queens: The Lives of Anne Bonny & Mary Read. The book is a biography about them along with a study of gender, sexuality, and myth as it relates to the sea.

I’ll be online between 10:00 - 1:00 EDT. I’m excited to answer any questions about female pirates, maritime history, and pirates!

You can find more information about me at my website. Twitter: @beckex TikTok: @piratebeckalex

You can also check out my previous AMA I did in 2020.

EDIT 1:10 EDT: Taking a break for a bit because I have a zoom meeting in 20 minutes, but I will be back in about an hour!

EDIT 2: I’ve been loving answering all your questions, but I have to run! Thanks everyone! I’ll try to answer some more later this evening.

EDIT 3: Thank you so much for the awards!!!

163 Answers 2022-08-09

When colonizing the Americas, when and how did Europeans deduce that they had, at first accidentally, brought genocide to the natives via pathogens?

As someone with a strong belief in the rights of indigenous peoples, I've always felt that it was not immoral for the Europeans to bring smallpox to America, given their ignorance of germ theory, among other things, but not showing sympathy for this accidental apocalypse, and aiming to either mitigate it or adopt policy with a tone of compassionate consideration to be reprehensible.

But that's easy to say with hindsight and knowledge of smallpox viruses. I've read estimates that up to 90% of Native Americans died to disease that spread faster than Europeans could travel, meaning what they explored was post apocalyptic. Even without germ theory, were there contemporary accounts acknowledging this?

2 Answers 2022-08-09

Tuesday Trivia: ​Black Atlantic! This thread has relaxed standards—we invite everyone to participate!

Welcome to Tuesday Trivia!

If you are:

  • a long-time reader, lurker, or inquirer who has always felt too nervous to contribute an answer
  • new to /r/AskHistorians and getting a feel for the community
  • Looking for feedback on how well you answer
  • polishing up a flair application
  • one of our amazing flairs

this thread is for you ALL!

Come share the cool stuff you love about the past!

We do not allow posts based on personal or relatives' anecdotes. Brief and short answers are allowed but MUST be properly sourced to respectable literature. All other rules also apply—no bigotry, current events, and so forth.

For this round, let’s look at: ​Black Atlantic!

Let’s take some time this week to acknowledge, celebrate, and honor the people, culture, and history described as Black Atlantic. Use this space to share stories of cultural fusion, the impact of the Atlantic and Trans-Atlantic slave trade on the African diaspora, and the histories of those who were carried across the water.

4 Answers 2022-08-09

Why was Russian spelling reform such a high priority for the Bolsheviks?

Only a few months after the Russian Revolutions of 1917, the new government totally overhauled the Russian alphabet, abolishing old letters and inconsistencies.

Sure, the old Russian orthography was a bit of a mess, but so is English and no one's got far with that in centuries of trying.

Out of all the life-or-death decisions you'd have in the first few months of overthrowing an empire and setting up the world's first Communist state, why spelling?

1 Answers 2022-08-09

I am an adventurous Roman in 117AD. If I had the mind to, would I be able to procure the technology to sail as far as the Americas?

1 Answers 2022-08-09

Where does the cliché that French people are dirty come from ?

1 Answers 2022-08-09

Is history going faster ?

When I look at a timeline of major events, civilizations, discoveries and such I find that the more we approach to recent years, the more "entries" there are. For example, there could be hundreds to thousands of years between major discoveries and events in antiquity and before, but now in the past 200 years it feels like they keep piling up.

I was wondering, is history actually going faster ? Or is it just that not enough things survived to this day ? Or maybe things that are further in the past don't seem significant enough nowadays so we just keep the essentials ?

I hope the question is clear enough.

1 Answers 2022-08-09

During its bankruptcy, a lot of Enron's internal communication was made public. Were historians and sociologists able to extract any useful information from them?

Corporate history, internal politics and sociology is often obscured given its private nature. The release of internal communications during the bankruptcy of Enron is one of the rare cases when that much information was made public. So was there any information about the society in corporation?

1 Answers 2022-08-09

Would the Commanche have had many interactions with French trappers in the 18th century?

I just watched the movie Prey and while I know it went to great lengths to depict Commanche culture and language, I was puzzled by their running into French trappers. I associate the Commanche with the western and southwestern USA and I wanted to know to what extent the Commanche and the French would have interacted?

1 Answers 2022-08-09

Does Constantinople during the early Byzantine Empire (6th-7th century) have a dedicated foreign envoys living area?

Given the focus of the Empire on diplomacy, I would imagine that there is no lack of envoy from the various other cultures coming to Constantinople. And indeed, from what I can find, they are treated with many luxury as a kind of propaganda of the Empire wealth and power. However, personally I can't find anything about WHERE they are housed? Does Constantinople have a dedicated foreigner wings/area/palace?

Later period of the Empire is cool too, but I am especially interested in the early centuries of the Empire existence, during the 6th-7th century.

1 Answers 2022-08-09

Why were the Czechs snubbed in the Austro-Hungarian Empire?

The Austro-Hungarian Empire was home to eleven major ethno-language groups: Germans, Hungarians, Polish, Czech, Ukrainian, Slovak, Slovene, Croatians, Serbs, Italians and Romanians.

IN 1867 the Hapsburgs formed a dual monarchy with Hungary. In the years between 1880 and 1918 there was talk of "promoting" Croatia as a third partner in the Empire (movement often called Trialism). The end of WWI kinda made this vision moot.

In my admittedly limited knowledge I have not heard of a discussing to elevate the Czechs to the status that Hungary and Croatia (potentially) enjoyed. Why was that? They seemed to have 'all the right stuff' to be a co-equal partner in the Empire. Why where they left out when two over internal states were given prominent near co-equal positions?

1 Answers 2022-08-09

Is there a single book that covers the entire history of nuclear weapons?

I'm not just asking about the making of the atom and hydrogen bombs — although this book would describe their origins. I'd also be interested in learning about the development of nuclear weapons in the USSR, the use of nuclear missiles via submarines, the history of ICBMs, and maybe even nuclear disarmament. I'd also love to learn about the history of America's policy with regard to the use of nuclear weapons. When was it decided whether a response would be proportionate or unrelenting? What is the procedure for carrying out a nuclear strike?

If there isn't one book that covers all of these, are there a few books that cover these topics?

3 Answers 2022-08-09

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