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I've been researching my family tree recently, and my grandfather has been a tricky man to trace. He was supposedly born in Scotland and died in 1975 at 72, having served in the Royal Navy during the 2nd World War. I haven't been able to find any birth record or service record, so we think he may have changed his name, but that's a different story.

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My mother and aunt say he used to claim he was at Pearl Harbour during the attack and spent hours in the water waiting to be rescued. I'm not sure how true this might be, and I'm struggling to find confirmation or the names of any british ships that were present during the attack. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

EDIT: Apparently he was a chef on carrier ships throughout both wars.

Hi everyone! Could anyone recommand a good and serious biography of the Empress Elisabeth of Austria/Bavaria, also called Sisi? Either in English or French or German. Thankkksss.

Hey all, hope you’re having a great day. I have a question that I have been wondering for awhile and I thought maybe this place would point me in the best direction. I apologize in advance if this question has been asked before.

I was curious if there is any proof (outside of the Bible or christian perspective) of Jesus resurrection. I haven’t seen clear evidence supporting the fact, so I wanted to see if there was research done to prove or disprove this.

I know there are many theories that try to disprove the resurrection. However, I was wondering if there is credible evidence that shows that he may or may not have came back from the dead.

I by no means want to disprove the faith. Again, just curious. Thank you!

I always felt Marx summarized the economic history of human beings very well, but that he "dropped the ball" when it came to his solution. When the communist revolutionaries took power in places like Russia, China, Cambodia, and so on, they created brutal and oppressive dictatorships which went on the tyrannize and murder their own citizens (Holodomor, Great Leap Forward, Cambodian genocide, etc). There was no accountability for government at all.

It just seems an extremely big oversight that Marx, as educated about history and political science as he was, was unable to look at the French Enlightenment, the organization of the US government at his time, or the successful constitutions of history, and not incorporate the ideas of checks and balances, civil rights, or accountability to his revolutionary government...

Marx even presided over some of the early Internationals. Why didn't he advocate a realistic form of government to avoid the rise of all these despots, the confusion of the Soviet transfers of the power, and so on? His idealism about the "dictatorship" to establish a just economic and political order just seems very naive.

I’m asking specifically about the Europeans during their colonial period. My guess is it just sort of happened organically. Africa was on its way to the Western Hemisphere. They could be obtained cheaply and easily, and they filled the need for manual labor.

But there was a period when these empires had many subjected peoples they saw as inferiors. Native Americans, Indians, Pacific Islanders, etc. Why were some people colonized, or pushed off their land, instead of being enslaved? If they were already transplanting huge numbers of people one way, why not the other?

I have been curious about the origins of anti-semitism in Europe and Germany, and came upon that Martin Luther was very anti-semitic (the title of his treaty "On The Jews and Their Lies" speaks for itself). Given that Protestantism was and is still a major religion in Germany, were the foundations of anti-semitism laid by Luther? To what extent did his teachings include anti-semitism, and was this bedrock of the anti-Jewish sentiment that culminated in the Holocaust?

Hello Reddit, it has been a year since my grandfather passed, he was a british veteran, having spent time in Egypt in the late 40's early 50's. and i have frantically tried to find pictures of british personal from the period in the region. would any of you happen to have any leads or photos of british troops in egypt?
and if not, would anybody be able to tell me witch uniform would have been used in this period?

I learned about the two in history class, but never really put the two against each other before. I was just wondering what the historians' thoughts on this were!

I was listening to a podcast about him and learning about his reforms made me wonder how he funded such sweeping reforms. If the Ottoman Empire was in such dissaray after WW1, how were they able to afford the war with Greece and then such massive projects which were more social rather than economic in nature. Was there any particular part of the Ottoman Economy that was very profitable?

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Athens was the capital of Attica with many other cities in it. Similar for Sparta.

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I'm in Athens on vacation and noticed that many (most?) of the male statues in the National Museum had their penises removed, like they were chopped/chipped off. The testicles are still there.

I had heard that President John Adams mentioned this in A Defense of the Constitutions of Government of the United States of America, but I'm ignorant of the larger context in which he would have made that claim or if it extended beyond him groping for historical precedents.

I asked this question on r/history, but I didn't get a satisfying answer so I am posting this one on here again. Hopefully, I can get some help from professional American Civil War historians.

John Brown's raid in Harper's Perry was mostly viewed negatively in the North. They disliked slavery and 'Slave Power' enough to vote Lincoln who opposed expansion of slavery into the West, but The people of the North were mostly NOT abolitionists.

However, the song based on him immensely became popular among the Union soldiers during the War.

I don't understand this phenomenon. I know that John Brown's Body was also made to tease this private whose name was also John Brown, but the references to the Abolitionist are unmistakably apparent and the song somewhat glorifies John Brown.

'He is gone to be a solider of the Lord'

'The stars above in the heaven are looking kindly down (on the grave of old John Brown)'

'John Brown died that the slaves might be free'

'He captured Harper's Ferry, with his nineteen men so few, And frightened "Old Virginny" till she trembled thru and thru; They hung him for a traitor, they themselves the traitor crew, But his soul is marching on'

' John Brown was John the Baptist of the Christ we are to see, Christ who of the bondmen shall the Liberator be, And soon thruout the Sunny South the slaves shall all be free, For his soul is marching on. '

Of course, some verses were added by the abolitionists and the song eventually evolved into 'Battle Hymn of the Republic' which becomes one of the most patriotic songs in the US, but I wonder how the song affected on morale of non-abolitionist Union soldiers who mostly fought to preserve the Union, not to end slavery until the Proclamation Declaration on Jan 1, 1863.

Buddhist missionary work found incredible success in the East principality in South-East Asia while it found at best temporary success in the Hellenistic world, so what factors resulted in the failure of buddhist missionary work in the West?