Is there evidence for beer brewing and alcohol production in ancient or Neolithic East Asian and Southeast Asian societies?

It seems like the majority of things I’ve read about the origin of beer is focused on archeological discoveries associated with the early agricultural societies that developed in and around the Near East - was there beer/rice wine production in East and Southeast Asia as well?

2 Answers 2019-04-29

In Enemy at the Gates, the soviet soldiers are given rifles every 2 people. Is this historically accurate or was this made up?

1 Answers 2019-04-29

It took me and my friends 40 hours to drive straight from California to Washington DC in 2012. How long would this have taken before the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956, with the most optimal route?

1 Answers 2019-04-29

Where can I find wartime speeches delivered by FDR?

Asking purely for personal curosity. All I ever see referenced is the infamy speech. There seems to be a lot on Churchhill, and while FDR was/is revered I dont often hear him quoted or mentioned a ton regarding the war. On a side note, am I just not looking hard enough?

1 Answers 2019-04-29

Why did only detailed portraits start appearing after 1500?

I've been wondering a lot about why the realism of later portraiture didn't appear until the 1500-1600s. What changed during the late middle ages / early modern age that changed how art was made? Was it art movements, new acess to resources, or something else entirely?

1 Answers 2019-04-29

In The Great Gatsby, Gatsby proudly displays a military honor from Montenegro; the inscription, however, is not written in Serbian/Montenegrin. In what language would these types of foreign military medals typically be awarded?

For reference, the inscription of the aforementioned medal was "Orderi di Danilo", an Italian (?) translation of the native name for the medal. I doubt there are many Montenegro experts here, but any general information would help too.

1 Answers 2019-04-29

How hard would it be for a low-income citizen in 1700 to go an watch an orchestra?

This is not for any school assignment or anything like that. I'm just curious, so you don't have to take the time (unless you want to which I genuinely appreciate) to write long answers. Thanks in advance.

2 Answers 2019-04-29

Any paleographers hang out here? I have some handwritten archive documents from 1674 I'm trying to transcribe - details in post.

Firstly, apologies if this is not the appropriate place for this sort of post - feel free to let me know of a more appropriate subreddit for this question if you know of one.

Secondly, I am a total amateur when it comes to reading old documents, so I apologise if any of this should be fairly obvious, I am just a bit thick.

I have been doing some research into a naval battle from 1674 in my local area, called the Battle of Ronas Voe. From what I've gathered so far, I've written a Wikipedia article (not required reading for answering this question, just if you're interested)

Basically, a Dutch East India ship was captured by the English Navy and was taken back to England as a prize of war. After it was taken back, a sale was held and various bits and pieces were sold from it.

About a month and a half later, a guy named John Burgess wrote to the navy to report the inventory of the goods taken out of the ship. I took some photos of the letters held in the National Archives, Kew:

Page 1

Page 2

Page 3

I have tried my best to transcribe them, and I have managed the majority of it I think, however there are still a few things I am unsure about.

OK, my questions:

  1. Page 1, the three columns on the right - seeing as most items with figures in the columns have the phrase "pvis nett as L est" (which I am assuming is "provisions net value in pounds estimated" my initial thought was that this was pounds, shillings and pence, however there's some odd figures - like the very first item - Barrels of nails - £601, 0s, 14d. 14 pence seems odd when there are only 12 pence in a shilling - why not £601, 1s, 2d? There are some items that have values as high as 21 in the last column. Have I misinterpreted this?
  2. Page 1 - find the row with the values 10, 1, 13, (hogs bristles). The next row down, Cask with ____ - suins? Would this be swines? This is all I could think of, that would make sense listed next to the hogs bristles. Although, "porke" has already been listed higher up the page - any alternative ideas?
  3. Page 1 - a table of sails is started lower down the page, and the first column header is "Cloths" - is this referring to the number of sails of the same size for each size listed? Seems like a hell of a lot of sails to have aboard - did ships really carry this number of sails? Would these have all been for their own use, or would these have been sold I wonder? Figured it out - Cloths refers to the width of the sails, not the number of sails. Makes much more sense now that I know this!
  4. Page 1 - the same bottom table, rightmost header is either "Svrs" or "Surs" or "Sons" or something "of Canvass". What full word is being abbreviated there? It's all to do with the material and condition of the sails, such as "Duck" (duck cotton) or "1/2 worn". Any ideas?
  5. Page 2 - 5 items are categorised as "Shroud hausery" - what is this? Whatever it is, it's measured in inches (I assume diameter?) and fathoms (length) Shroud means 4 strands, hawsery is mooring rope. Thanks /u/porpentinepress!
  6. Page 2 - Is there any discernable difference between a "Cable" and a "Cablett" - is a cablett just a small cable? And I assume these are cables in the sense of reasonably waterproof ropes, used for anchors and things?
  7. Page 3 - very last item listed before John Burgess signs the letter - a small ____? Cordayre? I can't for the life of me think what this could be. Also, 197 of something is involved? I have no idea what this could be. Cordage - thanks /u/porpentinepress! Another new word in vocabulary. I believe it's 197 coils

Any suggestions anyone could provide me on any of these questions, do please let me know. Thanks in advance for your help.

1 Answers 2019-04-29

I'm writing a paper on James 'Jim' Brady (Canadian, Metis), and I'm having trouble finding information. I've tried Wikipedia, CanadianEncyclopedia, and visited a couple sites which don't exactly function properly, but I've only found very little to no *basic* information. I've come here for help.

I hope this fits into the homework rules. :)

1 Answers 2019-04-29

Why did the Austrians and the Ottomans not get in on the scramble for Africa?

Using this map for my reference point https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scramble_for_Africa#/media/File:Colonial_Africa_1913_map.svg

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Why did the Austrians and the Ottomans, powerful empires at the time with plenty of sea access not expand into Africa? I mean the Ottomans are right there in the middle east, why didn't they want to expand south?

1 Answers 2019-04-29

Is there any evidence of ancient Persians wearing tricorner hats?

A popular folk origin for the shape of hamantaschen eaten during Purim is that Haman wore a hat in that shape. I find this explanation unsatisfying, particularly as I have a hard time believing they eore hats like that in the Persian Empire during that period. Is there any evidence for hats of this shape then? And is there a mire likely etymology for hamantaschen?

1 Answers 2019-04-29

What was the full title of the Chinese Emperor

Did they have lengthy titles like European monarchs or like in Game of Thrones:

"All hail His Grace, Joffrey of Houses Baratheon and Lannister, First of His Name, King of the Andals and the First Men, Lord of the Seven Kingdoms, and Protector of the Realm."

If so, what were they?

1 Answers 2019-04-29

In the last episode of GOT they had a huge cavalry unit charge head on at the beginning of a battle. Was this a common thing in history? and is it a good tactic?

This is done in alot of other movies and TV shows aswell would love to see a response!

1 Answers 2019-04-29

Why didn’t the Russians or Soviets build a “Maginot Line” style wall on the border with Germany?

1 Answers 2019-04-29

If Austria existed before Germany, then why isn’t the German language known as Austrian?

2 Answers 2019-04-29

Auschwitz was part of German-occupied Poland, does that make Auschwitz part of Germany?

My friend and I are having an argument because he said that Auschwitz was part of Germany. I keep insisting that Auschwitz was still a part of Poland but just under Germans.

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The logic I used is just because the Philippines was under Japan for a few years doesn't make us (I'm Filipino) Japan. We were just under Japanese rule but we were still the Philippines.

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Thank you!

1 Answers 2019-04-29

In many medieval movies such as Braveheart there are often scenes with military commanders shouting motivational speeches to entire armies on the battlefield without using voice amplification of any sorts. In real life, were they really able to hold speeches like that and is this how it was done?

It just seems unrealistic that 10.000 people would be able to keep quiet enough and all at the same time for everyone to be able to hear one person shouting? Did they use some sort of equipment? Did they relay messages to officers down the line or did they just not speak to the masses like that at all?

1 Answers 2019-04-29

Were any keys made from pewter c.1800?

In 1804, seven men escaped from a New Hampshire (US) prison. A pewter key to the prison door was dropped on their way to a nearby bridge.

Question: Was it ordinary to make a key intended for practical use from a metal as soft as pewter?

The only example I could find of a pewter key was in a story of British prisoners attempting to escape from an American prison in 1799 using a key they made from a spoon. (The key broke inside the lock.)

I'm trying to determine if the 1804 key was likely to be one the jailer might have used, or an unauthorized duplicate someone made.

1 Answers 2019-04-29

What were the key events that allowed for the first crusade to succeed?

I’m quite a novice on the topic and don’t believe I have the full scope of the events so I thought to propose the previously listed question. I’ve done a few hours with of investigation and to my knowledge some of the factors were there luck throughout the journey or what appeared as luck such as during the siege of Antioch many were Christian in disguise waiting for the opportunity to convert back therefore the entry through the tower was extremely easy leading to a successful siege. Another factor was the boat full of wood arriving allowing for enough wood to be collected for a siege tower to lay siege to jeurasilim though this is to my knowledge the only factors so I would really appreciate some assistance with the matter. Thankyou in advance and I hope to learn further about the first crusades and what the major events were that allowed them to succeed :)

1 Answers 2019-04-29

Is it true that Salvador Dalí was a fascist?

I read in a book that this was the reason Breton tried to kick him out of the surrealist movement, were his accusations correct?

1 Answers 2019-04-29

Reaching out

My grandather has a question for you all. After WW2 and until 89' during Communism , Berlin was split in Capitalist and Communist Berlin. He wants to know how did the Capitalist part of Berlin reach out to other Capitalist countries as they were surrounded by communists. Could they just use a passport to pass the border ?

1 Answers 2019-04-29

ETA, a Basque separatist movement, committed numerous terrorist attacks to support their demand for independence. In comparison, the Catalan independence movement seems to have limited itself to peaceful means. Have they ever considered taking a violent road? Why (not)?

1 Answers 2019-04-29

How did the Victorian period become so ubiquitous with horror/haunted houses?

1 Answers 2019-04-29

Why did Germany invade Africa during ww2 ?

What caused them to get involved and what gain would they have gotten from it ?

1 Answers 2019-04-29

Out of the thirteen American colonies who rebelled against British rule, which colonies were the most resistant to breaking away from the Empire?

I am aware that in the beginning of the American Revolution, most people didn't want to leave the Empire, they just wanted their lack of representation and perceived mistreatment by the Empire to be addressed, but when push came to shove and the Americans decided to declare independence, which colonies were the ones who were the most resistant to declaring independence from the British Empire?

1 Answers 2019-04-29

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