So, the Terracotta Army has around 9000 soldiers, buried in around 210BCE to "protect the Emperor in the afterlife". Did Chinese culture of the time view the afterlife as a physical place, which could be conquered with a big enough army, or was this entirely symbolic, as a display of the Emperor's wealth and power for the benefit of the living?

I got curious about caesar and looked on Wikipedia. It says that he chased him all across Europe once then got caught up in Egypt and then Murderd him in Africa. Is this true? Were Roman roads that good that it stretched the whole continent?

In the 100s BC, Germanic tribes were pushing in to Gaul enough that it gave Rome pretext for invasion. Germanic tribes also went north, supplanting the natives in Scandinavia.

In the 4th and 5th century, Goths and Lombards and Vandals moved West, leading to the fall of the Western Roman Empire. The 5th century also saw the push by the Huns (perhaps causing the former?).

Around the 7th century, the Avars, the 12th century the Mongols.

Not to mention the continual invasions in to Anatolia of steppe tribes/peoples.

Was the birthrate lower in the Roman Republic/Empire? Is the Steppe particularly fertile? Am I basing this question off of an incomplete understanding?

In the Netflix Caligula special, in the first episode there was a map showing all the areas Rome controlled during Tiberius reign. Right smack dab in middle of the Roman controlled areas was one small circular area not controlled by Rome.

Who were these people and why weren’t they under Rome’s control?

Hi guys,

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After a year of working and messing up my life, i want to go back to school. in particular i want to study to become a history teacher. I don't want to mess it up, so i want to come as prepared as possible. where should i start? and how to lay it out over a year+ period?

I have plenty more questions but this will do for now.

thanks in advance.

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(if this is against the rules i will delete it. and sorry if my English isn't perfect, it is a 2nd language for me)

Do we know whether onomatopoeia was used, and do we have any examples of it in ancient languages? I'd be curious to learn about any examples we may have of this in any of the ancient languages and cultures (not necessarily just in ancient Rome).

I've read that the Black Death originated in Central Asia and did indeed reach China, but did it have as huge effect as it had on Europe and West Asia?

I mean, propaganda is a pretty strong tool and can easily be used to mold someone's brain at a young age. So how did the Revolutions of 1989 happen? Wouldn't everyone just be a good little communist?

I understand the point of ex-libris for libraries, but I also saw examples of personal ex-libris. At the individual level, the point of using an ex-libris is, to me, more obscure.

A friend mentioned this to me today, on the back of news that they're considering establishing a new one. All I can find is articles stating that the exchange was closed down in 1973 (having merged four separate cities' exchanges a decade or so earlier) but not why, or what happened to its constituent companies (were they just merged straight into the London exchange?).

My friend claims it was due to the anti-Scottish policies of the Westminster government at the time who feared the success of a Scottish economy distinct from the wider UK, buoyed by the North Sea Oil boom - is there any truth to this?

Reading for my history exam and wondering why Napoleon Bonaparte almost aways are mentioned with just his first name, Napoleon, and never with just Bonaparte, when everyone else in history (except for kings and queens) are called by their last name, e.g. Newton, Voltaire, DaVinci, etc...
Does anyone know why? Were there so many Bonapartes that it is more clearifying to use Napoleon? Or is it perhaps because he eventually became emperor Napoleon?

I was just wondering this since I picked up a 4 pack at the store and it had a funny picture of a man who looks like a friar or monk (Franziskaner weissber for those wondering) and I have heard stories about monks in Europe who made beers and sometimes liquors like Chartreuse.

I started wondering Where does this rich history of brewing come from, how did some monks in robes start brewing beers that are still brewed today ? Also wasn’t temperance and self control a part of monastic life ; if so didn’t it seem weird to sell a product which could cause societal ills and in consumption cause a lack of a self control ? Was the pope/s chill with these monks making their own alcohols or did some try to crack down on their brewing?

Let's say a hunnic, or later, a mongolian noble's yurt.

After world war 1, around 1923, how were relations between Japan and the US?

Were they friendly neighbors or bitter rivals?

Regarding religion, did they have a relationship similar to the Roman and Egyptian relationship, where they were tolerant of their differing pantheons?

European feudal lords fought many wars in name of territorial claims originated through family ties. Let us assume the fictive Duke of X. He dies without and heir and two of his nephews – for the sake of the argument let us imagine that all of nephews were equally powerful Counts - lay claim to the duchy. If diplomacy fails to bring closure to such squabble, war would ensue. How would these nephews motivate peasants and minor nobility alike to fight for this particular claim? Where did the resources come from? How did one mobilize the manor for the war effort when this war is happening between cousins and has no sort of religious background that could serve as a motivator? Lastly, how frequent were these conflicts and how often did they escalate into an armed conflict?

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Edit: My question was motivated after reading a bit on the Battle of Stamford Bridge in 1066 where Harald Hardrada, the King of Norway, fought Harold Godwinson for the English throne after the death of Edward the Confessor. Some of the sources I read stated that the Norwegians gathered an army of 9 thousand men and that made me wonder how one could keep such an army motivated to fight overseas if the reason behind the war was solely the King's personal claim to a title. Following on that reflection, I wondered if this sort of conflict was also common among the lower ranks of the feudal society such as wars for duchies. On that note, the geographic area I am interested of is medieval England and the period I am mostly reflecting upon is the XI century.