I've read that the (greek) citizens of the late (Eastern, Byzantine) Roman Empire, aswell as romanians in Wallachia, Transylvania and Moldova used the term Romania or such variations when talking about the realm or area they lived in, refering to themselves as romans. This continued with the greeks until the greek declaration of independence and the roman identity was replaced by a more nationalistic hellenic identity, aswell as the term Romania surviving until today, becoming the name of the nationstate of todays romanians.

Now I wonder, when did this term come into existence? Was it ever used by the romans before the split into east and west Rome to refer ot the entire realm?

During the war. How did German units know what to set their enigma to on any given day in order to receive an unscrambled message?

I came across in John H. Arnold's "A Very Short Introduction to History" on page 85 saying that "Practically all historians writing today are marxists (with a small 'm'" and that the reason for this is because most historians have inherited the view from Marxist methodology that "social and economic circumstances affect the ways in which people think about themselves, their lives, the world around them and thus move to action.".

How true is this? Are there many that realize this and subscribe to the above? What's the main differences between working with a Marxist methodology and a marxist methodology (with a lower-case m)? I'm not looking for a debate on politics, I'm just genuinely curious on how the inheritance from historical materialism affects historians today (if it does at all) and their methods - while at the same time not necessarily being a Marxist in a political sense.

I kinda boggles me that so many Russians still see Gorbachev as a traitor. I understand that after his reforms once powerful empire suddenly collapsed and the people lived through hell in the 90s.

But was this truly because of his reforms and if so what could he had done. Or was this inevitable since Soviet old model of economy could not compete anymore and devastated people who were kept in the dark about the economy had to found someone to blame?

Thank you

My grandfather was very private about his service, and I just discovered he may have been in the battle of Pork Chop Hill. And I'm wonder what sources I should pursue to put together his service record. Thank you!

This is from Wikipedia but there is a citation from the book that asserts this. (Man of the Century: Winston Churchill and His Legend Since 1945.)

This isn't the first time I have heard of people turning down peerages because they said they couldn't afford the lifestyle. Why was this a consideration?

I mean if the Queen offered me a dukedom for my services to the nation I'd take it without thinking!

Hey there! I live in a town called San Rafael in California. My grandpa was telling me that he had seen Franklin D. Roosevelt visit my town and go down the main street. He said the visit occurred in 1942-43. If my grandpa says it happened it must be true. I just wanted to see if there was any records of it or any pictures. Thanks!

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So my family came over from Bohemia in the late 1800’s supposedly as refugees. Can anyone pin a war in the late 1800’s where a large Czech family would need to flee to America

Supposedly fleeing Russians if that helps.

I have heard a lot about the winter and how the Germans were unprepared for the conditions. And that the winter was a large factor in their loss.

But I have also heard that the winter was just a small part of the Germans defeat in the union.

Which side is correct? Or are both somewhat right?

didn't they already have bronze by that point?

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