Did Capitalism initially emerge in Europe? If so how and why?

I've been trying to read up on this field since i want to write my MA on the subject. I've realised that there is a plethora of explanations that all, more or less, contradict each other. Recently i've been reading the Political Marxist Ellen Meiksins Wood who essentially claims that most explanations (world systems theory, trade, demography etc) effectively needs to presuppose Capitalism in order to explain it and as such they fail as explanatory models altogether.

Is there a currently dominant view of 'how' and 'why'? I'm not sure if Ellen Meiksins Wood is a fringe Historian in this regard.

1 Answers 2018-10-12

Were there really other presidents before George Washington?

I was always interested in weird historical tid-bits. One that I had always heard was that there were several other presidents before George Washington, but they couldn't hack it so to speak and didn't last more than a few months at most.

2 Answers 2018-10-12

Were there any cyclones in Ancient Greece ?

1 Answers 2018-10-12

After WW2 did the religious Germans feel that they would be published in the afterlife for aiding or not stopping the Nazis?

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1 Answers 2018-10-12

When and how did we domesticate cats?

1 Answers 2018-10-12

What organization or department was in charge of manipulating or modifying photographs during the Stalinist era in the USSR?

Take the infamous "Vanishing Commissar" photographs, perhaps the classic example of Stalinist censorship. Among the various state instruments that existed during the Purges, which one(s) would have been responsible for image "corrections" like this? Did it fall under the aegis of the NKVD or one of the other directorates?

Thank you for your time.

1 Answers 2018-10-12

Average human lifespans have only increased in recent history- can the same be said for dogs?

Might be a difficult question to answer but I guess another way of putting it is; do we know of any examples of early dog burials whereby the age of the dog is noticeably older than their wild counterparts? And if it can be answered- roughly when can we say their lifespans started to become longer thanks to humans?

1 Answers 2018-10-12

[Byzantium] How did Byzantium respond to Charlemagne being crowned emperor? Did they still perceive themselves as ruling over what had been the Western Roman Empire by 800?

2 Answers 2018-10-12

Why were American colonists not okay with British attempts at imperial reforms?

The Stamp and Sugar act are just some of many taxes imposed on colonists. Although one could argue that paying back the debt of the Seven Years War, or even traditional authority of the crown and parliament were justification for these taxes, but what changed the attitude of americans for them to no longer be loyal subjects but instead resistors of british rule and eventually revolutionists?

1 Answers 2018-10-12

Why were the Dayton Accords made in Dayton, Ohio of all places? Does/did that city have any sort of major political relevance?

1 Answers 2018-10-12

How did colonial policies help to contribute to the end of colonial rule?

1 Answers 2018-10-12

Can an analysis be made of surviving busts of Caesar, Servilia and Brutus to determine whether Caesar was really Brutus's father?

1 Answers 2018-10-12

Was Europe just really into maps for some reason?

I hope this is an appropriate question. I can't think of any group more equipped to answer it, and it's not one I've had much luck answering on my own.

I've become interested in maps - specifically maps from before many modern conventions took over (e.g. putting north at the top, using specific projections, etc). I like seeing the different ways of representing geography that have existed. But so far almost all of the early maps I've found are from Europe. I've found a few from outside of Europe, but only a few. IIRC they are all on this Wikipedia article on early world maps.

So that makes me wonder: Why? I can think of some possible answers:

  • Europe was just uniquely into making maps

  • European maps were more likely to be preserved

  • Bias in the sources - maps from elsewhere exist but aren't covered

  • Some combination of the above

But I don't know, so I'm asking you.

Are there no Ancient Egyptian maps of the world - or of the region the mapmakers inhabited? Indian maps? Mayan or Aztec maps? Malaysian maps?

1 Answers 2018-10-12

Why was Switzerland never invaded by the axis in ww2?

I would assume that it would be because of there being so much rugged terrain and not much to gain from it, but then again Switzerland is a sort of political capital of Europe, so you'd think it would be a good blow to deal.

2 Answers 2018-10-12

If Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin we’re left stranded on the moon, where they provided with a way out?

Just saw First Man. Amazing! Especially for someone who’s parents weren’t even born at that time. But if they were stranded were they given a “way out”?

1 Answers 2018-10-12

How did the British general public react to the American Revolution?

1 Answers 2018-10-12

How did folks maintain their lawns prior to the lawnmower?

As fall approaches my neck of the woods and I look forward to putting up my lawnmower, I was wondering how people maintained their landscaping before the lawnmower.

1 Answers 2018-10-12

Why did the Nazi government require Wehrmacht soldiers to be apolitical when every other branch of society was being politicized?

You could not be both a Nazi party member and a Wehrmacht soldier. Why?

1 Answers 2018-10-12

Is there anything known about the history of Native Indians prior to 16th century?

The history of Europe is quite known dating back to more than a thousand years, we know kingdoms, wars etc. Similar with Asia with the dynasties and kingdoms. Do we know anything about the history of Native Indians who occupied the Northern America other than that they crossed over from Alaska during the ice age?

1 Answers 2018-10-12

What are the little everyday ways civilians protested the British in the Revolutionary War?

1 Answers 2018-10-12

Did USA really trade with Nazi Germany up until december 1941? How sufficient was this trade?

Title

1 Answers 2018-10-11

Was there a baby boom after the Civil War?

1 Answers 2018-10-11

The Holy Roman Empire was incredibly multicultural, dominated by German-speakers dominated, but also housing huge Italian and Slavic-speaking minorities. How were Italians, Bohemians, and Poles treated within the HRE?

I'm mostly interested in the Holy Roman Empire around the time of Martin Luther, but I'd love to know information about ethnic politics within earlier or later periods of the Holy Roman Empire.

Did ethnicity matter much within this context, or were all non-Jews in the Holy Roman Empire treated basically the same despite their origins? Negative stereotypes of Poles and Italians are quite prevalent in Europe today, but did any noticeable chauvinism exist among German-speakers in the 16th century?

1 Answers 2018-10-11

Why did the number “9” become the last single digit number in most numerical systems? Why not what would’ve otherwise been the tenth (or “8”th for that matter)?

My first thought was that; “it’s probably because we have 10 fingers and 10 toes.” but I guess that only sounds the most normal/resonable/logical to me because I’ve been used to think like it that way throughout my whole life. But the more I thought about it, the more I realized that it (as far as I know/can remember) would’ve been just as logical (or even more so) to have the tenth number be a single digit, so as you finished counting all your fingers, you by instinct knew that the next “11th” number would be the first double digit number.

Confusing, I know. Think about it. I could also be stupid and forgetting some very important at-the-time, (whenever that was: the invention of numbers and counting,) standarts that made it unresonable and illogical, but numbers are very old though! Or maybe we simply don’t know what went through the minds of whoever came up with numbers, and who succesfully spread the idea to everyone possible, before it was too late and the idea had become as normal and unquestionabler to us as water and bread.

A r/showerquestions question really, I know.

1 Answers 2018-10-11

To what extent was the conquest of modern Mexico by the Spanish due to the decisions of Cortes himself rather than the circumstances the Spanish found themselves in upon arrival?

sorry if this question isn't in line with the rules.

1 Answers 2018-10-11

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