Knowing that species like the American lion, cave bears, mastodons, etc. existed alongside early-civilized humans (who I assume were relatively more advanced than neanderthals), were there any groups that spoke out against over-hunting of these species that led to their extinction?

To clarify I don’t necessarily mean the very first time firearms were used in combat ever in all of history (I’d love to hear it if it exists) but more of an army that didn’t know of firearms encountering them for the first time. I’m sure some exist out there but I can phrase the question well enough to get much help with Google. The perspective of the non-gunpowder having side is what I think would be most fascinating to hear.

I’d assume some, if not most, would come from the many conquests of native peoples all over the world and may live on in oral or written histories today. But to the exacts I am unaware.

The scenario me and my history geek friends hypothesized was like medieval knights and men at arms encountering artillery and guns for the first time and how absolutely terrifying that must have been even for professional soldiers. We also guessed that in the battle once shots started to land it would have caused mass panic and ended in a rout.

Do we have anything known remaining to us about these situations from the more primitive side?

Isn't the Assassins' Creed motto "Nothing is true; everything is permitted" confusing even as fiction? Historically, they were devout Nizari Ismailis (a faith that believes in afterlife divine judgement and clearly decrees what is/isn't permitted).

I am currently trying to learn more about local(Austrian) history, since my education was mostly focused on major events and the World Wars.

I live near the city of Wels, Upper Austria. Wels has a population of around 60k, but also the reputation of being the most boring, god-forsaken wasteland of a city which only exists to fill space on a map. But Wikipedia tells me that in its place used to be the city of Ovilava, home to 18000 people(at around 200CE). How big of a deal would a city this size have been for the Romans?

(As an aside, I would be interested in any further information about Ovilava, since I don't even know where to begin to look).

Hi. I would like to learn about this as it came up in a history memes subreddit. I am going to look here and online and maybe at some YouTube videos and then compare. Cheers!

Hi! Hope this is OK to ask here. I'm working on my MA currently, but have been looking at PhD language requirements in different departments, and it seems a bit stressful. For context, there are currently three languages I can read, write, and converse in. Two of these three are fine, but one takes significant concentration, as I haven't been studying it that long; it's easy enough to have a conversation with someone my age or listen to a museum audioguide, but I struggle when reading old documents in the language. I know I can and will get faster with practice, so that isn't the issue. What's worrying me is that the programs I'm thinking of applying to all have MANY language requirements, and I wonder what a real "high pass" entails...what degree of proficiency garners a "pass" vs a "high pass"? Also, as a post-doc or a professor, what would you consider your fluency levels to be in your relevant languages? How much attention do you put into these languages daily or weekly? I know, for me, if I don't use a language everyday, I start to lose vocabulary very quickly. Because of this, I spend a couple hours every day reading, writing, watching/listening to something, or speaking in one of my non-native languages. I can't imagine most PhD students have this kind of time, especially when they may be studying many languages at once. I can't tell if I'm over- or under-estimating how capable I need to be in all of these languages for the PhD, and I just want a better idea of the skill level I need to be preparing for.

I need it for my capstone research but I am absolutely struggling to find it online, surely someone has pdf’ed it or translated it to english right?

What are the historical reasons for why US homes are most often made of wood, as opposed to another building material (stone? adobe? idk)? This doesn't seem to vary in the cont. states by latitude?

1a.

Are there any connections between the build-a-house kits from the Sears-Roebuck heyday and this choice of building material? Did these kit homes help construct any sort of proto-New Deal-American Dream-style cultural ideal of attainment?

If my questions betray some fundamental misunderstanding of house construction, please help?

Hi I hope someone can help me. I wanted to research animals that were once considered domesticated pets that are now considered wild animals in America and how/why these views changed, specifically for squirrels and pigeons, does anyone where can I start or what materials can I use that are reliable?

I have read the Roman accounts of India, Greek accounts of Ethiopia, and the Arab accounts of Scandinavia. They were absolutely fascinating and provided a glimpse into what ancient stereotypes and perceptions and attitudes were like.

So I am looking for some more ancient accounts. If anyone knows any I would love to read them.

If anyone knows of a database or collection or something of ancient accounts from around the world that would be amazing

Thanks in advance

Was listening to a podcast about this and it seems very odd. Was Whitlam that unpopular or was it a constitutional issue?

I am wondering when the term “Swastika” started being used in reference to the Nazi symbology, vs the German word “Hakenkreuz” that Hitler himself used. I am aware that this symbol has an ancient and varied history, but why is the Sanskrit word for it the most used?

I have read that several devout Hindus take great offense to this characterization and feel that the word “Hakenkreuz” should be adopted as the standard for the Nazi symbol.

So my question is when and where is the earliest use of the term “Swastika” clearly referring to the Nazi Party? And why not “Hakenkreuz”, to be less offensive to Hindus.

Thank you

Gaelic law seems obsessed with how food signifies class, but I’m unclear on what things like people not being entitled to butter meant, they had cows and milked them and so they had the ability to make and have butter, but did they have to give it to their lord or hide it away? Or, was it just that they weren’t to be given butter at public feasts or as charity?

If it could have existed as one unified empire for all that time beforehand why couldnt it have continued so? The empire wasnt even that unmanangeably large, way larger empires have exiested in times past and present.

The division seems to me like a stupid decision on the part of Diocletian and Theodosius that simply accelerated its disintergration

To my understanding Ukraine had signed the 9+1 agreement which was going to reform the USSR and make it a confederation with a common president. What was it about the august coup that made Ukraine practically pull out of the agreement and declare independence? Support for the agreement seemed pretty strong both in Ukraine and internationally.

Why go there? Not asking "Why he chose to go when he did", literally, why did he decide to go to Russia in the first place?

Thank you

In a lot of fiction, (IE. Horatio Hornblower and Jack Aubrey novels) it is commonly stated that so many men died in a battle that blood would run from the scuppers on a ship of the line. Are there any historical accounts of this from the Napoleonic Wars, or is this an invention of modern authors?

In European history, there are many women who rose to political, aristic, economic, and/or intellectual power through the insitution of monasticism. Some of the most influential women of European history were nuns. Was there an equivalent phenomenon in Buddhist monasticism? Who are the most powerful Buddhist nuns of history?

Like, would someone sitting in Granada, Spain in the 1500s be aware that while he's experiencing an evening with sunlight, in India or China it might be nighttime for people there at the same time.