A friend of mine asked for finds of medieval bone Flutes recently. I started searching a bit, but literature is scarce. To be more precise, we are looking for Central Europe, and specifically for Post Roman, Early Medieval ones. I am aware of the published finds from Müstair in Switzerland by Stefanie Osimitz. But often the litarature I found is concentrating on the older finds.

So, I want to ask my fellows here if they are aware of more published finds of that time we could dig into?

The video I was watching explains this by stating that they could not see the difference between them and zoroastrians. How is that possible ?

A claim I've seen a lot is that Gorbachev's reforms partly accelerated the decline of the USSR, and that the policies of Perestroika were responsible for the subsequent liberalization of the economy under Yeltsin. Is there any truth to this claim or is it just propaganda from CPSU hardliners who didn't like Gorbachev?

In the book, the protagonist wins 200,000 francs playing roulette. This is circa 1860s Germany. Thanks in advance.

I was having a chat with my mom about PTSD, and we realized that most of the history surrounding the condition that we know of pertains to WWI and forward. So, are there any records of PTSD-like behaviors in soldiers from before? How far back?

Or is it possible that a combination of different cultural practices and societal norms redefine what "trauma" is, such that the common traumatic events that may lead to PTSD in our time and culture (i.e. war) wouldn't necessarily trigger PTSD-like symptoms in people of other eras and culture? And if so, do we have any evidence or description of PTSD-like symptoms following a "traumatic" event in such an individual's life?

Hello! I'm a designer/artist on a small indie game dev studio- and recently I was given the very exciting opportunity to be the lead designer of a video game!

I've had an idea in mind for months where you play as a medieval wise woman in a rural village, foraging for local medicinal plants and creating remedies for your community members, but I need to do a lot of research before I can make something even slightly accurate, but I have no idea where to start, or what references are respectable or not. I would love a point in the right direction

So my question is, what are some good books/recourses on early medieval wise women or midwives in western Europe- or recourses on general life in rural western Europe during the early medieval period?

Here's some more details about the project if anyone has other recourses that could help me during my research!

-Will take place roughly 7th to 11th century.

-Will most likely take place in England or Wales

-Will have a large emphasis on rural life

-Will have a large focus on medicinal herbs/folk remedies

-Will be illustrated in a style similar to illuminated manuscripts/woodblock prints- so art knowledge of that time would be great

-There is an emphasis on spiritual beliefs, so I would like to research how Christianity spread/interacted with paganism at this time, as well as the pagan beliefs themselves, or any other beliefs that might have been around then.

-I would also greatly appreciate recourses on accurate clothing to that time/place.

I will gladly take anything even slightly related, so please, I would love to learn!! Thank you so much for reading!!

I heard the Nazis used it but I don’t know for what, also it’s a meme in a community but I don’t think anyone knows what it symbolizes.

Any help?

The pagan religions in Europe, Latin America, and ongoing in Africa, went into long-term decline as contact with Christianity and Islam increased. Hinduism, on the other hand, has survived.

Why did centuries of Muslim rule, followed by about a century of British rule, not result in either the Islamization or Christianization of most of India?

My knowledge on the Germanic history is very much France-centric: however, the more I have read about it, the more I realized French Historiography focuses a lot more on the events in the region that would become France, and pretty much gives up on Eastern Francia after the Treaty of Verdun.

However, this leaves me with the feeling of an uncomplete history, without giving me the proper context to understand the rise of the Pippinids or the Ottonians, as well as the formation of their political system.

Do you have any recommendation on the History of the Germanic peoples and polities from Late Antiquity to the Ottonians?

To elaborate, I have a couple more specific questions, one will reference Ancient Greece but answers don’t need to be specific to Ancient Greece.

When exactly did body building become popular?

Have people always “worked out” to get big physiques or were the physiques of the strong men of Ancient Greece (seen in statues) due to things like military training or a strenuous job?

When did today’s form of working out get invented? By today’s form, I mean lifting weights, and today’s principles like progressive overload.

What did archaic forms of working out look like? To elaborate, what were some of the first popularized work outs (like bench press or squatting), what did they use as weights?

How were the early body builders viewed?

From what I heard German reunification was basically just West Germany consentually eating East Germany into it's system. Were there difficulties supplying and training East German soldiers with their equipment? Did East German leadership get integrated into Western high command? Was there an effort to mix in the new personnel or were they sort of just left segregated by old units? What happened to all the Warsaw Pact gear the East Germans had lying around? Were there resentments by East Germans about their new West German generals?

I am currently watching "The last kingdom" which plays around 800 a.d. but violence is very present in other shows and movies as well. In popculture the early to late middle ages always seem very brutal and make it seem that people were killing or crippling each other over minor inconveniences, especially when the agressor was of higher rank. I wonder If violence was really as common and "accepted" as shows and movies make it seem.

When the bolsheviks created various SSRs under USSR how did they decide on the borders between them? I thought that maybe they based them on the teritorial division of the Russian Empire, but when I looked at the map of oblasts in 1914 I saw some differences. Because of the recent events I'm mostly interested in Ukraine's eastern and northern borders but I'm also curious if there was some general rule that was followed.

My house was built just after the turn of the century, and I was wondering if small towns would've kept documents or archives of how the house looked at the time. Is there maybe a website for this? any responses greatly appreciated!:)

Egypt as it stands today seems pretty ingrained as an Islamic country, more tied to the roots of Islamic expansion than the ancient Egypt ruled by the Pharaoh (at least from an outside perspective.) Is this true? Or is there any stronger sense of identity with ancient Egypt?

Pretty much what it says on the tin, when did the shift for most people calling Britain The United Kingdom actually happen? I've been reading primary sources from between world war I & II and noticed that Most authors were just referring to it as Britain or Great Britain, But now it seems like most people say the United Kingdom.