I was playing Total War: Rome II and the question popped into my head.

Naturally during the Principate

cohort, century, legion, etc

It is known that Stonewall Jackson died as a result of friendly fire from a picket line of soldiers from the North Carolina 18th, and that he was shot three times so it is likely more than one person delivered the fatal shot.

But, is the identity of soldiers who fired shots known? Are there any lists of witnesses/soldiers from that brigade?

I am a physics graduate student and needed to read a seminal 1969 theory paper from Russian authors. I dispaired until I discovered that the paper (and upon quick research, most after 1956) was translated to English.

If the Soviets were in competition with the West, what was the motivation to translate their papers into English, potentially giving Western scientists advancements where there might not be otherwise? Were there limits on sharing scientific research with the West? Did American journals translate their texts into Russian?

What was so-called "defense-in-depth?" Is it a viable theory? Were there elements of the practice of having a "home guard", or militia army which arose out of need? What political trends permeated the Empire such that measures were not merely accepted by the army, but came to be effective? If that is not a personal misconception in any case?

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Many classical piano pieces were written over 200 years ago, and I am curious about whether we are interpreting those pieces accurately. Kind of like the pronunciation/interpretation of Shakespeare, where using the original dialect helps to convey some of the jokes and double meanings that are otherwise lost to a modern accent/ear.

Is it possible that some older pieces of music would sound wrong or out of tune to the original composer, when played with modern tuning? I'm wondering about both pitch and interval. What details do we have about how pianos were tuned historically?

Thank you

He goes into detail about the difficulties that post-serfdom land owners had in getting the peasants to produce enough, and there's also lots of handwringing about agricultural modernization vis-a-vis Europe.

That aside, he makes the peasants sound like a jolly, carefree lot, whose existences aren't much more than wholesome outdoor work, homemade vodka, and joyous outbursts whenever their landlord comes ambling by.

EDIT: Who was in control?

As there is a bunch of books and series in which female characters travel long distances, often camping overnight and not staying at an in or someone's house, but this topic is never touched or explained, I felt I had to ask here. How would these women deal with their periods and feminine hygiene, especially if their overnight encampments included many men and no privacy? Do any historical records exist? The question is primarily about Europe 11.-19. century, but if anyone knows the answer in relation to other cultures or areas, I would very much like to know that too.

For some reason I've always thought of animal sacrifice as a trait of pagan religions, but when I was flipping through the Bible recently looking for inspiration I was struck by how many animal sacrifice references I found. So roughly when did animal sacrifice fall out of favor in these religions and why? I've not read the Quran, but did early Islam also include animal sacrifice?

I'm watching The Pacific from HBO now, and it's striking me how similar island hopping battles in WW2 Pacific theater were to the Vietnam War. The show mentions that Iwo Jima was the only battle where Japanese casualties were lower in number than Allied casualties, which made me wonder why the Vietnam war was a complete opposite. The jungle, the suicide tactics, the climate, the guerrilla forces seem extremely similar comparing the Japanese soldiers with the Vietnamese. Why was one a difficult, but lopsided, US victory while the other was a difficult, but much more deadly and ultimately losing war for the US?

Of course I'm hardly an expert on all periods of history and it's probably just that my interests just focus on the wrong locations/eras, but it seems to me that after various Jasons of note in the Classical era, I can't call to mind any famous figures with the name until very recently.

I know that there are periods of history where most science and medicine was ill informed. When did non pseudo science, the seeds of our now massive scientific literature, begin-- and where?