How much shittalking was done, if any, on the battlefield?

I'm under the impression that slavery existed in Europe widely prior to the year 1000, excluding in the middle east and north Africa where it remained slightly longer. When and how would slaves typically be taken by slave traders? and what did slaves actually do when they were traded? Were they used for manual labour only or a variety of tasks?

Tried Google but no solid answer. I am actually Chinese, though didn't grow up in China, have actually never thought of this question until just now. It sounds a bit like the word Confused, which I'm sure it's not related lol.

In Chinese his name is Kong Zi. His beliefs and teachings we say 'Yu Jia' basically Scholar Family, I always thought it was 'Yu Ke' which means 'Scholar Teaching'. But still I don't see where the term Confucian come from. I feel like as a Chinese I should know this. Thanks!

I just visited it and became curious about this question. I guess a more answerable question might be - "Where were large iron ore mines in the late 19th century that France would've had access to?"

I want to know how (on like diplpmatic documents) germany called itself. Since i think 'the third reich' isn't really a name for a country.

I've been big on naval history and have a deep fascination with ships for years now. The question above pretty much outlines it: why did vessels go from square sales to lateen sales to square again?

Thanks guys!

During the end of the Seven Warring States (战国七雄) era, when the Qin Kingdom (秦国) unified the other states, Shi Huang Di (秦始皇) also unified the writing system, declaring only the Qin's writing system, which is known as Small Seal Script (小篆) is allowed, and the rest is abolished.

However, China has at least been conquered by two civilization that has their own writing system, which is the Mongols (蒙古) and the Manchus (满族). Didn't the Mongols and Manchus replace their own scripts with the Chinese characters?

How did that Chinese character remains readable till date?

On the day of the 100th anniversary of the lynching of Jesse Washington which had national attention, I'm wondering how much int'l attention talked about lynching at this time. I know of Khruschev's famous remark, but during the 1910s and 20s was America known for its lynchings? Or even earlier? Would it have been an uncomfortable subject to bring up with Americans overseas?

If I am correct in assuming that there is a difference between being one of the proletariat and being a plebeian, in that a pleb, in exchange for potential military service, is given the right to participate in governing but the proletariat are not, how did the military reforms (specifically, recruiting proletariate into a newly professional military) Gaius Marius is accredited of instituting affect the distinction between the two classes from the time of the Republic onward?

I understand that at the time Albania was a protectorate of Italy, so in some ways the event more strongly parallels the Anschluss, but unlike Austria there was some (extremely limited) fighting, and my understanding is the event is properly considered an invasion.

I was wondering where the geometric star shape ancient Egyptians used to paint on the ceiling came from? Is this where we first see the geometric form being used to represent the stars in the sky?

I'm specifically trying to work out how far away an observer could see the dust cloud of 5000 horsemen (say, a Mongol or Turkic army) over a desert. I know it's 35x(root of the observer's height + root of the dust cloud's height) km for horizon calculations. But I don't know what kind of height the dust cloud would be. But perhaps there are some histories of ancient battles that talk about how far away the dust cloud of an approaching army was? It doesn't have to be horsemen specifically, anything would be helpful. Google hasn't given me anything helpful, so I'm turning to military historians for help.

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The world's largest diamond mine by area is the Orapa diamond mine in Botswana, one of four major diamond mines owned by Debswana in Botswana. The Orapa mine opened in 1971, just 5 years after Botswana gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1966.

Did the U.K. know about Botswana's abundant and untapped diamond reserves prior to granting it independence? If they did know, did the U.K. not want a 'slice of the pie'? If they did not know, how likely would the U.K. be to grant Botswana independence had they got word of the diamonds?

I have a belt buckle, I think it is military. It is square, has the number 5 that is the entire face of the buckle, with an eagle holding a 5 pointed star over a horizontal anchor. Can anyone tell me what era it is from and what year and unit?

Did they adopt things like the Egyptian style Sphinx or see dead pharaohs as gods?

Things he did they copied, avoided, that type of stuff. Thanks.

So I've seen it crop up in all sorts of sources both fictional and real that living in hotels may have been a common thing in the United States for at least a part of the 20th century. I was curious if this was as common as it seems, what led to the circumstances that middle class people would be living in hotels and what made hotels stop being considered as potential permanent places of residence?

Follow up question: why was there a huge gap between the polls and the actual results?

Vikings are often depicted as a classic example of a barbarian: strong, aggressive, not interested in anything complicated or refined. I'm wondering just how accurate that image is. Was there any real focus on education or learning in Viking culture? Would Vikings even notice or care if a person was smarter than average?