Hello, I'm not a sub here but I need help with a class and I thought maybe you know something about this. In highschool I studied sciences, but decided to pursue design in college. While my classmates had history before, I didn't and I don't know pretty much anything about the subject.

The questions that I need help with are the following:

• Write about the importance of aesthetic, political and administrative canons of classicism in the western culture.

• Write about the social, political and of values context that characterizes the evolution of design, since the first reactions to the industrial revolution, until the 'de stijl' that proceeds the Bauhaus.

If anyone can help me, I will be forever grateful.

[deleted]

For sake of answering the question I'll give an exact date and location: Massachusetts Bay Colony before and during the Pequot War in 1636-38.

Nabokov was born in 1899. Wikipedia says, "The family spoke Russian, English, and French in their household, and Nabokov was trilingual from an early age. In fact, much to his patriotic father's chagrin, Nabokov could read and write in English before he could in Russian." It also mentions that, despite living in Berlin from 1922 to 1937, he never really knew much German.

My understanding was that English's ascent in the international scene was a product of World War I, with Britain and America ascendent, and was solidified in the post-WW2 era when very mono-lingual American were footing a lot of the bill for much of the reconstruction of Europe and then much of the defense of market economies in the rest of the world.

All the important physics breakthroughs of this period were published in German (though done by primarily by German and Danish scientists). I know that in the 19th century, that a German and a Russian diplomat might well correspond in French, and I assume that would continue for into the first part of the 20th century. But what was the role of English in the international scene before 1918? I know people were learning it--James Joyce taught English in Trieste from 1904 to 1920--but what associations did it have during this period? Because of Britain's large empire and the Industrial Revolution was it associated with trade and perhaps engineering? Was English seen as a primarily a practical language? Or did it have romantic political associations, because of the long Anglo-American heritage of democracy and Anglo-Scottish-American liberal thought (Locke, Hume, Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill, John Dewey, etc)?

On the internet, I see a lot of references to Stephen Langton and how he "brought about" or "collaborated" on the Articles of the Barons. All of these are very vaguely phrased and I'm curious to know if mainstream historians actually believe that Stephen Langton wrote the document himself, or if most modern accounts are circumspect because we just don't know.

Has anyone done any analysis comparing the work and phrasing to other things Stephen Langton wrote? If we don't think he wrote it, do we know who did? Do we perhaps think someone else invented the content and Langton just sort of made notes?

I hope this doesn't count as trying to ask multiple questions in the same post, I guess I'm just trying to find out if we know where the actual content came from.

What was their motivation? And could the Allied powers not demand their return?

When I was studying Charles V, it was said that he gave control of his army in the one of the Italian wars to Charles Bourbon. However he neglected to pay the army and this was one of the causes of the sack of Rome. So was Charles Bourbon required to pay the army as he was commander? Was Bourbon paid directly by the emperor or was it simply a titular honour? Some other dukes under Charles V seemed to have bankrupted themselves from paying for his armies, but I don't see why that is their responsibility? Thanks in advance!

Weren't supersonic aircraft too fast for that? If not, did their tactics differ substantially from subsonic dogfights?

Names such as Rashid and Abbas for Arabs, and Han and Zhou for Chinese come to mind. Did people change their names to match that of the dynasty or were there just less last names in these cultures?

Was there a certain prestige involved in having one of these last names?

I just read Primo Levi's "If this is a man" and he talks about how it was actually a plus to get certain diseases, because you could rest in the infirmaries for a while. This brings up the question - Why didn't the Nazis send all the sick people at Auschwitz to the gas chamber? Why have infirmaries at all? Thanks!

A lot of these huge (12 inch+) guns seem too big to move, and are often placed in turrets and casemates. The muzzle obviously sticks out of the turret by a great deal, the shells seem way to heavy to move by hand. How exactly were these things loaded?

I didin't know how to phrase it bette, so sorry about the vague title. In a post in r/science an user claimed that ancient cultures used constellations to determine the vision of someone. If one could see all the stars of a particular constellation it was considered that he had good vision. Other user claimed that it was a practice of native americans and another that the romans did that. It seems plausible but is it true?

To join the war, FDR paid the Japanese to attack so they have reason to intervene. Is there any plausibility to this?

Edit: took out an unnecessary chunk

I imagine that the battle usually was decided by other means, but what happened when the two pike components met? How was the fight decided at that point?

And when did the soldiers, in the back parts of a Tercio for example, know that the battle is lost / when to retreat, since the Tercio seems like an awfully large formation, where the back just keeps on pushing without knowing the whole situation on the front.

[deleted]