What is Arab nationalism and how would it differ from, say Egyptian nationalism or Western-style nationalism? How did it come to be like this and what effect did the weakening and later collapse of the Ottoman Empire have on it?

Follow up question: what else has had an effect on the idea/s of Arab nationalism?

Could there have been a larger variation in beliefs?

I grew up just outside of Chicago in Northwest Indiana, about maybe 20 minutes from Chicago, and in high school a kid brought in a really old looking half skull with no jaw with a weird hole in the head saying it was a Native American who was shot with an arrow, and said his dad found it in a construction site. Were there native Americans near me?

I'm specifically asking on the cause as to why Nike, Jordan, Adidas got associated with the black community.

Was there specific marketing done to the black community? Keeping in the mind the 20 year rule. I'm only addressing from 1980 to 1995.

It's well established that Stalinist Russia manufactured or changed history to suit its "greater good." What evidence is there to believe that any of the story is true at all?

A few years ago, I vaguely recall reading a comment somewhere about populations throughout history that have been captured and/or enslaved, then later integrated into the dominant society. The commenter said it normally takes around 200-300 years for the formerly captured population to fully integrate and have class stratification that's similar to everyone else (that is, equal proportions of rich, poor, etc). Is that correct or is that totally off base? Is it only under specific circumstances? Are there any examples?

My question is basically what you would see when the phalanx broke, or when the initial charge ended. I know some of the bloodiest combat happened after formations broke, but were there rules to how you fought with the enemy, i.e. one-on-one.

Is there any evidence to suggest Attila partook in tactical or strategic decisions, or was he just a leader?

Was there any dedicated organization who maintained the roads within the city of Rome? And a tangent question- were the ciy roads made in the same way and of the same stuff as the mor famous military-built roads through the provinces?

I've been binge watching the Marco Polo series and I'm really enthralled with the clothing designs and decor. I'd love to find more resources and illustrations about all of the beautiful colours, textures and clothing. What material is it, is there symbolism in the colours etc?

The Blue princess' bodyguard mentions that he is of 'the third sex', what is he referring to?

I've vaguely heard of Batu, grandson of Genghis Khan, how did he impact Mongol life/culture?

Khutulun seems to be deep into wrestling - how common was it for Mongols to wrestle? How common was it for women to join in battle, be warriors or be involved in wrestling/hands on activities?

How common were harems, how does marriage and courting go down with Khans? Everyone seems to have 3 wives and a buttload of women in their harems.

Tl;dr - Getting into Mongols, want to know more.

I understand there was a significant surplus in the economy after ww2, and my guess is that new alliances and international trade increased during the cold war, but were there any specific events that lead to this?

I was reading an article about social security and it mentioned several countries in the region now called the Middle East used to have social security programs.

Between that and learning about the scientific contributions of that region on Cosmos, I was just wondering what contributed to the fall of what seems to be an empire comparable to the Greek and Roman empires which we hear so much about.

I heard a while ago that ancient Judaism was more polytheistic and I've been reading some books on the subject. I was wondering if anyone could point me in the direction of any primary sources or scientific journals that'll help shead light on why this is thought to be the case.

Are there any writings about the other gods? Or cultural rituals around it?

Was it the black/white/red, German Empire one? Or did it feature the swastika in some way?

As far as I read, the Ottoman state was not interested in joining the colonization race, since they already controlled the trade routes to the far east.

But why were individual Ottoman pirates not intercepting gold hauling ships of colonizing nations?

They appear to be ruling the Mediterranean in the 16th century. The news of gold from the new world must have surely reached them.

Were they afraid of sailing out of the Mediterranean for some reason? Did they lack some technology? Was it due to some policy?