Finland was a part of the Russian Empire until 1917 when the empire fell into civil war. In the three preceding years, what roles, if any, did Finland play? Did they supply men and materials to the war effort? Were they allowed to sit it out on the sideline? Did WWI have a large impact on Finland and Finnish culture?
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While I guess WWI is more well known for the horrors of trench warfare, I was just curious as to how battles which occurred before the beginning of trench warfare were carried out?
As a follow-up question, was this method of warfare responsible for the high casualty rates in battles such as the First Battle of the Marne? I understand that Wikipedia isn't the most reliable source but I'm struggling to comprehend the scale of fighting if there were 500,000 casualties after a week's fighting in the First Battle of the Marne compared to over a million casualties suffered over four months during the Battle of the Somme!
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Was there any kind of screening, be it through a metal detector or visual? Were any items prohibited from being brought into the cabin (besides the obvious such as weapons)? When did the modern rigours of air-travel security originate?
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Also, why does Suriname manage to have such a large Indian population when India was never governed by the Netherlands?
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I have been reading lots of articles about this lately and it seems all the written source material is from at least 100 years after the prophet's death (although the historical person of the prophet isn't even 100% verified).
There seems to be two distinct types of books. The islamist side which doesn't mind giving itself away by adding "PBUH" every time the prophet's name is mentioned, and the opposing side which may or may not have an other agenda but draws different conclusions.
The interesting thing is though, they seem to be using the same unreliable sources while coming to these completely opposing conclusions.
There are some studies which try to find actual historical material to even consider that Mohammad might not have been a real historical person, or that the Koran might have had its sources in much earlier documents etc. These views seem to be accepted as fringe and not accepted by the majority of the historians.
Is it really possible that the Arab world at that time was so completely oral driven that we might never have any reliable material from that period? How about other cultures that interacted with them? Am I being drawn in by fringe theorists that ignore other evidence without my knowledge? Any books/documentaries that might provide more info?
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On this page - http://atheism.about.com/library/FAQs/christian/blchron_xian_crusades02.htm
May 06, 1096 Crusaders moving through the Rhine Valley massacre Jews in Speyer. This is the first major slaughter of a Jewish community by Crusaders marching to the Holy Land.
May 18, 1096 Crusaders massacre Jews in Worms, Germany.
It claims that many Jewish communities were massacred. Why were they attacked, and how many were killed by the Crusaders?
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Did armies just walk up and dig trenches while hoping they wouldn't get hit by artillery in the process? How were these front lines formed? What were the logistics in how far they dug trenches from each other?
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So To any napoleonic enthusiast explain this, how were there lines formed? A french regiment would consist of some fusiliers at the center with detachments of grenadiers and voltigeurs at the side. Why? Why didn't they create completely different regiments, which they did, rather than mix a line up?
a little diagram so you can understand
Grenadier/Grenadier/Fusilier/Fusilier/Fusilier/Volt/Volt. one line of infantry.
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First thing's first, I am aware that holding both positions simultaneously would be a huge conflict of interest and would almost certainly never happen. My question is not regarding whether or not that would even be possible.
I had two different professors assert both of these about Reginald Pole:
Both of the professors basically said that Reginald Pole was next in line to become the King of England and Pope, but was prevented (or passed over) for each position. My question seeks to address the veracity of each claim. If I can clarify anything, please let me know. Also, if I can organize this better let me know how.
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Watching PBS series & noticed every newspaper article announcing the marriage identified Franklin as "Eleanor's cousin."
Was cousin-marrying really so commonplace that nobody thought it was weird?
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To elaborate, Dungeons & Dragons has some mechanical elements that don't "mesh" with the quasi-medieval aesthetic. An obvious example would be the implicit ideological autonomy of the alignment system, but even more significantly, a system of magic based on hard values and predictable outcomes (which doesn't at all resemble the chaotic diversity of premodern beliefs concerning magic from around the world).
What influences led Gary Gygax to design and develop the system he did? For bonus points, what were the differences in influence between Dungeons & Dragons, earlier games with similar ideas (if applicable), and relative contemporaries such as Warhammer Fantasy (apart from the obvious matter of scale)?
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Was there a near-constant train of men moving toward Jerusalem? What sorts of non-combatants followed the soldiers?
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Weeks? Months?
I assume you could travel by sea, but I really don't know, that's why I'm asking.
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