I remember being told in an AP U.S. history class that in the late 19th century, the U.S. government placed a bounty on buffalo for American settlers heading west, with the express intention of weakening Native American tribes who relied heavily on them for food. Is there any truth to this?

More specifically, that whoever was involved in the policy (the military, state department, etc.) was aware that the buffalo was the primary source of food for many western Native American tribes, and so this was an attempt to weaken their by wiping out their food supply.

The argument was basically that there wasn't any other particular reason to incentivize buffalo huntings--they weren't a hazard or a nuisance, settlers had other options for food if necessary, and so on. So it had to have been first and foremost a deliberate, calculated ploy to thin out by attrition the Indian populations that were harrying westward expansion of the United States' frontier.

Was this unsubstantiated or do we have any evidence for it?

1 Answers 2014-07-09

How did we get from the sundial to the clock? When and how were the seconds, minutes, and hours determined?

1 Answers 2014-07-09

How affordable were Shakespeare's plays?

By which I mean, how often could an average Londoner go and see one? How many hours would a laborer need to work to go with his family?

1 Answers 2014-07-09

To what degree did the Arab slave trade influence the Transatlantic trade and European notions of race?

1 Answers 2014-07-09

Did the Soviet Union ever conduct flyover reconnaissance missions of the United States?

I know the US performed these missions with U-2s and SR-71s, but what would the USSR have used?

2 Answers 2014-07-09

After the Holocaust, why were the Jews given Israel, which took land away from Palestine, when they could have taken land away from Germany instead?

1 Answers 2014-07-09

German Soldiers Fighting for the USSR?

There is lots of documentation about Russians who fought under Germany, such as the whites and those who opposed Stalin. But were there any Germans who fought under the Red Army? I tried doing some research and found nothing.

3 Answers 2014-07-09

Eurasia is geologically one continent. How did Europe and Asia come to be known as two different continents?

2 Answers 2014-07-09

Dear A.H., I've found a painting by an artist called Thomas Lee, however I can't find any information about him.

Title is self evident, I was wondering if someone can give me information about the man, his success and life perhaps, or a book or some sort of source to read up on him. Thank you.

1 Answers 2014-07-09

Why weren't muscle cars popular in the UK like they were in North America, and Australia?

3 Answers 2014-07-09

In WW2 what role did the czech resistance play in knocking back the Nazis

I know Czechloslvakia was one of hitters first targets but there had to be a resistance of some sort so what role did they play in helping the soviets in Nazi Germay

2 Answers 2014-07-09

When did the stereotypical alien look start and why?

Little green men. You know the type.

1 Answers 2014-07-09

What army in history was the leanest? i.e. had the lowest number of support troops per fighting soldier.

1 Answers 2014-07-09

How ethical were the knights of the late Middle Ages by our modern standards?

During the 19th century, there appears to have been a renewed interest in the Middle Ages in Western culture, resulting in a great deal of fictional media that presented an idealised depiction of knights. 21st century media concerning the same periods and same kinds of people often takes a much more critical, questioning position. Based on my readings of sections of some late medieval and early Renaissance texts, it appears that the society of the time did in fact try to influence its knights, squires and pages towards having high ethical standards, but to what extent was that sincere and effective? How likely was any given knight to be what we would consider "ethical" or "unethical"? Did the chivalric sense of ethics at the time conflict heavily with other systems of ethics in Europe?

2 Answers 2014-07-09

How damaging was tar and feathering?

I just watched "Lawless" and there's a pretty brutal tar and feathering scene.

The guy survived, but it looked pretty bad.

So would people survive getting tar and feathered and not be terribly scarred? I imagine there would be burn scarring all over your body.

3 Answers 2014-07-09

It seems the 1970s and 1980s had a dramatic increase in serial killers. Any reasons why this might be the case?

5 Answers 2014-07-09

During The Scramble For Africa Why Didn't The Austrian Empire Get Any Land in Africa?

I know at some point during the scramble for Africa a treaty was signed dividing Africa through out the powers in europe ( including Belgium ) so why didn't Austria gain any colonies?

3 Answers 2014-07-09

WW2 - U-boats vs the D-Day invasion fleet

Were German submarines put to use in patrolling possible routes to detect/attack the Allied invasion fleet during the run-up to D-Day?

Or would that have been infeasible?

2 Answers 2014-07-09

Why is the French Revolution held in higher regard than the American Revolution?

3 Answers 2014-07-09

What was the South African contribution to the First and Second World Wars?

Hey there!

I hear a lot about Canadians, Aussies, Kiwis, and Indians always being there but never a lot about the South Africans who were apart of the Commonwealth. So what did they do? What engagements did they fight at, or were best known for?

BTW I am loving AskHistorians, it's like having direct access to the History Channel!

2 Answers 2014-07-09

Did West Germany get punished either formally or informally in international sporting events in the aftermath of World War 2?

Since the world cup is on and Nazi puns are all the rage on social media, it inspired a real question in my head, particularly when I read that Germany played Austria in the 1954 world cup and won 6-1 (the previous record for most lopsided victory in a world cup semi final before today). It kind of surprised me reading that Germany was playing in an international competition so soon after world war 2/the holocaust. I was just curious if in the time period immediately following the war if there are any instances of Germany being banned from competitions or teams refusing to play Germany or Germany keeping themselves out of competitions to save face.

1 Answers 2014-07-09

French Opinion towards the Peninsular War

I'm fairly aware of contemporary understanding of the war now, but what of understanding at the time. Modern understanding, in my reckoning seems like opportunism on Napoleon's greed, but my feelings towards the First French Empire do not make uncurious to its causes and subsequent effects. In a sense what was the feelings towards Spain during the war and its legacy, as I know that French sentiment and much of the world is very different from from Anglican teachings?

2 Answers 2014-07-09

What were the effects of the Great Depression and Second World War on the US Civil Rights Movement?

1 Answers 2014-07-09

What caused artists to generally get better at painting human faces through the Renaissance?

This is kind of a broad question, but something I've noticed is that in the pre-Renaissance era, many of the paintings in Europe tended to have featureless faces on the characters in the paintings. Some examples from this era:

1280: Triptych of Madonna and Child by Duccio

1333: The Annunciation by Martini

Then as the Renaissance progressed, faces began to approximate reality a bit more:

1482: Primavera by Botticelli

Early 1500s: Marriage of the Virgin by Raphael

Ultimately, the best artists got so good at painting faces that they were nearly life-like:

1540: Portrait of Doge Andrea Gritti by Titian

1634: Portrait of Haesje Jacobsdr. van Cleyburg by Rembrandt

So I understand that painters generally got better, but are there any specifics about changes in technique over this time? Why were old paintings of faces so uncanny compared to the later Renaissance? Did portraits like this one of Francis I of France in 1530 arouse that same uncanny sense at the time as it does today, or is it just that we're conditioned to see photorealism today that makes it so uncanny?

1 Answers 2014-07-09

Why and how are Irish culture and the culture of police/law enforcement so closely related in the United States?

1 Answers 2014-07-08

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