About 17000 people were guillotined, so where did all these heads go?

Side note: Anyone know of an online English to Hohokam dictionary?

While it is without question that Puyi - in his role as head of state for Manchuko - was an unambiguous puppet for the Japanese Empire, what was his "official" status and prestige within the broader network of vassals and puppet states that made up the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere? Did Puyi ever publicly, unambiguously bend the knee to Japan? Did he ever swear fealty to Hirohito or a representative? How did the Imperial Cults of both Japan and China(both of which, I believe, declared their respective sovereigns to be without equals or superiors) deal with the presence of another monarch claiming equal prestige to their lord? Thank you for any response.

I am looking for literature on the history of contemporary and modern savings methods specifically in the form of pension funds, stock investment etc. When did this phenomenon arise, what caused and it and why?

New to history and I've noticed how almost every military had bright uniforms prior to WW1 and I even heard about how French Soldiers were easy to pick off in WW1 because of their blue outfit. So why was it that no one had blander more natural colours until WW1?

Were there any type of anti-miscegenation laws? What happens if I have a kid while I'm there? Were African women also permitted to attend university?

Follow up question: What about black Americans. Were they invited to go to school in the Soviet Union as well? If so, did the US permit it?

I recently read that Henry VII's paternal grandfather may not have been Owen Tudor, but Edmund Beaufort, the putative lover of Catherine de Valois. According to Wikipedia:

"By its very nature the evidence for Edmund Tudor's parentage is less than conclusive, but such facts, as can be assembled, permit an agreeable possibility that Edmund 'Tudor' and Margaret Beaufort were first cousins and that the royal house of 'Tudor' sprang in fact from Beauforts on both sides." -G.L. Harris

A major hiccup for Henry's claim to the throne was that his only connection to the Lancasterians was through his mother; but Edmund Beaufort was the grandson of John of Gaunt, and thus the great-grandson of Edward III. So if Henry really was his grandson, that would make Henry a direct patrilineal descendant of Edward, same as all the Lancasterian Kings. Of course, that would also make his father illegitimate; but if I'm not mistaken Edmund Tudor (Henry's father) owed his status chiefly to the patronage of Henry VI, of whom he was a maternal half-brother, and that would be true regardless of who his father was.

So my question is: why did Henry's propaganda never lean in on the Beaufort rumor? Was it not common knowledge at the time? Did they perhaps fear offending the Lancasterians by implying that Catherine de Valois was unfaithful? Or would that have had an adverse effect on Henry's claim? If so, why?

EDIT: fixed one "son" to "grandson".

Hi, does anyone know where to find the works in English of this 9th century Byzantine theologian/philosopher? or even if they exist? I'm looking particularly for the text titled: ‘Positive exposition of Christian doctrine, developed from general concepts by means of dialectical method, rational arguments, and multiple syllogistic proofs, followed by a confutation of the letter sent by the Hagarenes to the Emperor Michael, son of Theophilus, in order to slander the Christian faith.’

I remember read an excerpt of an account from an allied POW who present in Dresden during the bombing and he told of these giant fire tornadoes that were literally sucking people in.

Who was he?

Was he exaggerating?

Marcus Aurelius is generally viewed as a wise and “good” Roman emperor, while his son and successor Commodus is generally viewed as one of the worst and most vicious Roman emperors. My understanding is that Commodus didn’t become particularly unhinged until his solo reign as emperor, but in theory one might assume there were “warning signs” prior to this? Was Commodus really a different man after becoming solo emperor? Or, for all his wisdom, was Marcus Aurelius simply blind to the viciousness of his son (as any parent can be with their child)?

Hi Im looking for Papal letters written to Mongols and their sources (preferably can be accessed over the internet). I am looking for cum non solum by Pope Innocent IV 1245, Pope Nicholas IV to Arghun Khan 1288 and Pope Urban IV to Hulegu Khan 1263.

I’ve often heard it claimed, generally by my more reactionary friends, that the bolshevik revolution was largely brought about by and in the interest of wealthy bankers in the West.

Now, given that the kinds of people spreading this information tend to be of a neoreactionary or conspiritorial sort, I’m somewhat skeptical about the authenticity of these events or their interpretation. I’m curious as to what the mainstream historiography is.

Hi. I’m looking for books about French Revolutions, written during it, or shortly after, and written by people who actually lived through it. Those can be memoirs, political essays, or any other genre. Thanks in advance

Interested in learning more about music through history/how historical events have affected music, anywhere in the world through any period of time.