To what extent did the Americans have white camoflague/winter uniforms during WWII?

It was common for both the Germans and the Russians to where white uniforms during the winter, for example during the battle of the bulge or on the eastern front. What about the Americans? White kind of winter camoflague were US troops supplied with?

1 Answers 2020-12-04

Culinary History: What did chefs do before the refrigeration that is necessary for things like cold butter?

I had this thought as I was looking at cold, cubed butter as a necessity for a scone recipe. Were there alternative ways of making their recipes lacking these materials, or have many "traditional" recipes only come about as a result of refrigeration? Scones have apparently been around for hundreds of years, so I wonder if this is just a new take on them.

1 Answers 2020-12-04

Why did the German Authorities ban Jewish Emigration (Oct 23, 1941)?

The prosecution of Jewish citizens in Nazi Germany made many Jews try to emigrate. German authorities imposed high taxes on emigration and many western nations were not particularly welcoming. Therefore, the number of emigrating Jews dropped over the years.

In 1940 it was briefly discussed to deport Jews to Madagascar, but the plan was not viable due to the British naval blockade.

In late 1941, early 1942 it was agreed to deport all German and Eastern Jews to Camps in the east were they were to be murdered by hard labour, shooting or in the gas chambers.

I was under the impression that the Nazis wanted the Jews gone from Europe and commited the early war crimes in 1941 (eg Babyn jar on Sept 30, 1941) mostly due to their unwillingness to provide for the high numbers of Jews in the newly conquered territories and the practical impossibility to bring them further east.

In this context, it would seem logical to allow for emigration, as long as the Jew leaves his fortune in Germany and finds a place that accepts him. Does the probition of emigration mean that there was even more murderous intend in the German authorities?

1 Answers 2020-12-04

Historians declaring/addressing their own bias?

I was reading a book and saw that in the preface the authors had sort of declared their political leaning and the purpose of their research (“as Canadians with progressive political and social commitments, on the left...”).

I was really curious, since I was under the impression that people generally tried to avoid letting personal biases etc. influence their work, and that having bias would decrease the source’s credibility? On the other hand I thought it could maybe just be the authors more explicitly stating part of their perspective, which would still be valid, and it seemed to be a good thing for transparency? I am also unsure of whether I might just be misunderstanding bias/political leanings.

Is this common practice? Are those types of sources still considered “good” sources since they clearly state the purpose/perspectives, or should people just try to minimize bias as much as possible?

Sorry if this is a bad question, I haven’t really seen that before so I was a bit confused! Thanks! :D

3 Answers 2020-12-04

What are the best "companion" books for reading the Bible as an historical/literary/sociocultural text?

I've been thinking about taking the time to really explore and understand the Bible. I was raised church-every-Sunday Catholic and have a degree in Literature so I have a pretty good knowledge of it already. But the older I get, the more I find that really knowing it is crucial to understanding history (from the ancient cultures described in its stories to the way that Christianity has shaped history ever since) to literature to painting. What are some of the best books to read alongside it to help explain some of the more esoteric references?

Also, which translations do you prefer - whether it's for their historical significance or for the poeticism of the interpretation?

1 Answers 2020-12-04

Is there a possibility that writing is actually older than we currently believe?

From what I can gather, the dates we give for the creation of writing systems are essentially from the first instance we see of them having been carved into stone/clay/some other permanent medium. But how do we know whether or not these inscriptions came before or after writing was done on perishable mediums, like leather or papyrus?

For context, this is a question I came upon while reading about the origins of the Brahmi script on wikipedia. While the clearest first example of the Brahmi script is in Aśoka's edicts, there seems to be some debate on whether this was the first usage of Brahmi, based mainly on the fact that Vedic literature was much larger than seems likely for a purely oral civilization. This note on wikipedia specifically mentions Panini's grammar as something that couldn't have been passed down orally. There's no discussion of the alternative, however: there's no conclusive evidence of pre-Aśokan writing in India (other than the Indus Valley script, if that's a script, which we can discount from this discussion for obvious reasons), so if these scholars are suggesting that writing in India is older, then does that mean that the alternative is that pre-Aśokan writing existed, but was done on leather or palm leaves? If that is the case, then doesn't that leave open the possibility that writing in general is much older than the dates we currently have for it?

3 Answers 2020-12-04

More of a question for historians: Is it possible for a historian to suddenly switch from the original focus of there study to another one for some reason?

1 Answers 2020-12-03

During his lifetime, was Alexander the Great considered "a Greek"?

That is, where did Macedonians stand in the "Greeks vs. Barbarians" cultural dichotomy espoused by say, the Athenians and the Corinthians and so forth?

1 Answers 2020-12-03

Is there a documented relationship between the hindi word for happiness and cannabis, or is it simply a coincidence?

So in Hindi, to be Kush means to be Happy. It is also the name of a mountain range.

In English, Kush is slang for Cannabis.

I’m wondering if the origins of these terms (the mountain range, the cannabis, and the mood) have some kind of relationship.

I’d tack on the possibility of it being where the phrase “Getting High” comes from since mountains have high altitudes, but that seems like a bit of an unnecessary stretch.

(To answer the question I’m sure you have for me, the answer is no, I’m sober.)

1 Answers 2020-12-03

Why was blue and white china so popular/frequently used in comparison to other colours and why has this style been so enduring?

1 Answers 2020-12-03

How long did it take for conquered romans to not feel like romans?

When the franks, goths and vandals invaded the people the conquered still considered them selves romans when did they starts to form their own identity?

1 Answers 2020-12-03

How often were captured enemy weapons used in combat againts their original owners in WW2?

While watching the Time Ghost series on WW2 week by week, capturing enemy tanks, artillery and ships comes up often. How often, if ever, were such assets used in combat after capture? I can imagine there being all sorts of issues with unfamiliarity, not having enough spare parts or running out of the correct ammunition.

1 Answers 2020-12-03

Besides San Juan, what was the rest of Puerto Rico like especially in terms of economic status in the 1940s-60s?

I'm reading a memoir by Esmeralda Santiago called When I Was Puerto Rican. There's not much historical context in the book and doing research on the internet shows how the economy of Puerto Rico got better because of Operation Bootstrap and the happier side of things. However, since she came from the rural part of the island, I read a lot more about the impoverished side. Also, she's a child in the book so there wasn't much political talk. There's an obvious disparity between what I'm reading and what was happening. Can someone explain to me the economic shape of the rest of the island during this time period? The poverty and low wages that contributed to the disparity? Obviously, port cities and capitals like San Jan would get more development but the rest of the country seemed to remain in shambles. However, why weren't resources distributed more fairly?

1 Answers 2020-12-03

Were both Athena and Apollo patrons of Wisdom?

From my various exposures to Greek mythology through entertainment (does anyone remember Class of the Titans?) I had always remembered Athena as the one and only goddess of wisdom. However, during my present study in philosophy, we briefly commented on Apollo's claim to that domain as well, most notably with the account of Socrates.

It was explained to me that each were seen to preside over different "aspects" of wisdom: Athena that which dealt with strategy, and Apollo that which dealt with rationality.

Are there any further details as to how the concept of wisdom was divided between the two? Would the Greeks even say they both were gods of wisdom, or would they say the matters were entirely separate in nature?

1 Answers 2020-12-03

What caused Socialists like Benito Mussolini and Oswald Mosley to turn to Fascism?

I've noticed something interesting. Some of the leading Fascist (which is a far-right authoritarian ideology as you probably know) figures in Europe originated in Socialist/SocDem parties (Mussolini came from the Italian Socialist party and Mosley from the British Labour Party).

How and why did 2 people from Leftist parties become big figures in a Far-Right ideology?

1 Answers 2020-12-03

Did The Romans go to Ireland? If They're did,why we are don't know anything about this?

1 Answers 2020-12-03

What kind of sacrifices/ ceremonies would be enacted before an Ancient Greek voyage? Would they visit temples?

1 Answers 2020-12-03

Did the varangians in the Byzantine military wear a Roman uniform?

Did the northman fighting for the Byzantine empire wear a uniform? Or did they wear tradition Scandinavian clothing?

1 Answers 2020-12-03

How did local civilians on islands like Guadalcanal feel about the battles going on between Japan and the allies near their homes? Surely many of them had not seen fleets of warships, warplanes, or armies before World War II. Did they side with either side or mostly just stay out of the way?

I know that Guadalcanal had Australian and New Zealand plantation owners growing coconuts with local workers (in some cases more like slaves), but that experience would have been very different from seeing a Japanese or American army and navy on their island and seeing two modern armies fight each other.

I have read that locals in Papua New Guinea helped the Australians fight the Japanese by guiding them in the jungle and actually fighting as well, did the Solomon Islanders do the same for the allies?

2 Answers 2020-12-03

Why did the northern provinces of Japan align with the shogunate and the southern provinces align with the Restorationists and the Emperor?

I've been watching the Extra Credits series on the Meiji restoration and I'm curious what geopolitical factors led the northern provinces and Daimyo's like Hokkaido aligned with the Shogun and later the republic formed by the shogunate and southern provinces and Daimyo's to lean towards restoration of the Emperor as the absolute leader of Japan.

1 Answers 2020-12-03

How Did Catholic Colonists In The Americas Reconcile Catholic Dietary Laws With The New/Limited Foodstuffs Available?

Did colonists just not observe fast days, or observe them sporadically? If the wine ran out for mass, did they use substitutes? Were local priests authorized to say that "yes, for purposes of fasting, the beaver counts as a fish" or did that decision have to be made by some higher ecclesiastical authority? Did colonists have trouble reconciling these laws with the realities they faced?

1 Answers 2020-12-03

The "Tragedy of the Commons" suggests communal ownership leads to overexploitation and destruction of land/property. But much of classical/medieval Europe and aboriginal America had a rich history of communal ownership of land/resources. Were these lands poorly managed?

1 Answers 2020-12-03

How much truth is there behind our modern caricature of the "Executioner"

You know the cartoon guy wearing a black hood with eye-holes, whose "job" it is to chop heads, kick out barrels/stools from under the feet of hangmen, pull the lever, etc.

Was that their full time job? Did it pay the bills?

Back then, executions were a form of entertainment. Were these guys like rock stars? Or were they hated for having a dirty job working for "the Man"? Were their identities truly hidden?

1 Answers 2020-12-03

Sources that show the GRPF opposition to establish foreign government in France?

Wikipedia quotes the following:

" The first act of the GPRF is to oppose the establishment of an interim US military administration, the Allied military government of the occupied territories. " - French wikipedia

Yet there is no provision of ACADEMIC evidence. any books out there that I could use? thanks

1 Answers 2020-12-03

How did the French Revolution affect men's fashion?

There's a popular pop-history theory that the French Revolution led to men dressing more plainly, and while that seems doubtful to me, is there any truth in it? Were there other changes or trends related to the Revolution? What about men outside of France?

1 Answers 2020-12-03

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