Why was it necessary for the Pope to send missionaries to Anglo-Saxon England? What happened to the native Christian clergy of Roman Britain? Did Christianity vanish in Britain or did surviving Christian clergy/monks make no effort at converting the Anglo-Saxon rulers?

2 Answers 2020-09-07

can anyone help me find primary and secondary resources for this question "How far was the destruction of the American native/plains Indian and its way of life a consequence of a deliberate government genocide?"

"How far was the destruction of the American native/plains Indian and its way of life a consequence of a deliberate government genocide?" i have some primary but finding it hard to find secondary any help is much appreciated

1 Answers 2020-09-07

Looking for primary sources relating to merchants during the medieval period

Hello, I am looking for any primary source written during the medieval period that discusses/talks about anything relating to merchants/traders of this time.

2 Answers 2020-09-07

What is the history of the current Russian aristocracy?

As far as I know after the Russian revolution, aristocrats and influential families were assassinated or exiled. However today there is a new aristocracy. How were the richest families in Russia formed? What is your story? What was the aristocracy like during the Soviet Union?

1 Answers 2020-09-07

Why did people write much more eloquently 150 years ago?

For example, letters from the American Civil war - it doesn't seem to be just highly educated people but everyone seemed to have a way with words

5 Answers 2020-09-07

I’m a medieval King preparing to meet at a specific time and place to do battle. What exactly is preventing me from not showing up and ransacking the unguarded town of my enemy?

1 Answers 2020-09-07

How plausible is this Moses theory by historian/author Ahmed Osman?

Osman's theory

1 Answers 2020-09-07

Why didn’t the west attack Germany during Operation Barbarossa?

To my understanding Hitler’s army was stretched thin for months in 1941-1942 deep in Soviet territory and Hitler had exhausted his military reserves. Why didn’t the UK take the opportunity to liberate France or attack the German homeland during this time?

1 Answers 2020-09-07

Difference between history practice in America and elsewhere

I was ran across an articlethat mentioned Cliodynamics and ended up digging into the field a little. I ran across another article by Turchin where he mentions a significant difference in the way History is practiced in the US vs elsewhere (I’m assuming he primarily meant Europe). Besides being in different academics departments what are these differences that he is referring to?

1 Answers 2020-09-07

During the the September 1939 Battle of Wizna, did 700 Polish soldiers fight off over 42,000 Wehrmacht soldiers for three days?

The Battle of Wizna is considered the stuff of legend amongst military history enthusiasts and Sabaton fans. There are plenty of Polish sources on the subject, but I do not speak the language and I couldn’t find anything in English that I would consider reliable.

According to the Polish Wikipedia, Tomasz Wesołowski (a Polish historian) claims that the battle was greatly exaggerated. He specifically claims that the Germans were mainly stopped by the Narew river, and that the Polish defense collapsed only a few hours after the Germans crossed it. He also states that the myth originated from communist propaganda.

I’m curious about whether Wesołowski’s claims are accurate. There do appear to be a lot of scholarly sources indicating that the battle occurred as depicted in popular culture (not that I can read them), and it seems odd that the communist authorities would play up soldiers of the Second Polish Republic without tacking in something about how the Polish command was incompetent or that the heroic Polish leader was a peasant overriding a landed, incompetent officer.

1 Answers 2020-09-07

Papers and/or book recommendations about naval warfare during the Napoleonic Wars

(repost due to getting no replies, trying again now the Americans are awake :) )

Hello,

First off, sorry to the Mods if this isn't allowed. I checked your rules and couldn't find anything really against it accept maybe Rule 2 but upon checking the post history, it would seem I am not the first to have this type of question.

I am looking for some paper and/or book recommendations about naval warfare during the Napoleonic Wars, this topic is greatly interesting to me but over the years I seem to have bled the YouTube videos and Wikipedia articles on this subject dry. I am looking for something slightly more in-depth and specific to this subject. I have of course found plenty of books about Napoleons Conquest but my money situation is rather tight and the idea of buying one of these books just for it to have only a single chapter on the naval warfare is daunting.

Also if you are unable to recommend any papers or books, you might still be able to help. I am simply not sure how to find this type of information myself, I literally don't know where to start, which you might.

Thank-you very much for taking the time to read that. Have a good day and stay safe :)

1 Answers 2020-09-07

What is and isn’t presentism? How does one determine if they are making a presentist argument?

1 Answers 2020-09-07

How did ancient soldiers avoid friendly fire on a battlefield?

I understand that banners, armor types and colors would help an ancient soldier know who were friends and who were enemies but, to be honest, much of the equipment seems very similar from my viewpoint, specially in the middle ages.

Moreover, if you fought at night, if you were in the middle of a charge, if the battle got really messy or in any other situation, I find it difficult to imagine how a soldier did it. And I'm also thinking about the soldier's own limited view due to this own equipment here, such as helmets.

I'm guessing that there was a lot of friendly fire back then. What do you know of this?

1 Answers 2020-09-07

How did America move so quickly from prohibition to a society of extremely heavy drinking?

1920-1930s: Alcohol is bad. We should ban it. 1950-1960s: Let’s have three martinis at lunch.

What is the background/context for this shift in public attitudes towards alcohol?

1 Answers 2020-09-06

How were mathematics recorded and communicated before the advent of Arabic numerals and algebra? How were equations organized and what symbols did they use to represent numbers, variables, and operations? Is there any symbol or convention that has remained consistent throughout mathematical history?

1 Answers 2020-09-06

Best of AskHistorians August Award Winners!

Another month has passed us by, so it is time to recognize some of the most enjoyed posts of August!

This month saw a consensus for the top honors, with both the Flair and User vote drawn to /u/mikedash's response to "How accurate is Monty Python's 'Anarcho-Syndicalist Peasant' scene? Were small medieval villages de-facto self governing and autonomous from their noble lord and wider nation?"

Not far behind in the consensus and taking the second award was /u/LTercero who tackled "What were Sino-Japanese relations like before the 19th century?"

The 'Dark Horse' Award, recognizing the top-voted non-flair, was, as always, far from an easy decision, but edging out some stiff competition was /u/Dishonourable_Rat and their thoughts on "Why did Carpathian Ruthenia become part of Czechoslovakia instead of Poland after World War One?"

This month's 'Greatest Question', voted upon by the mods, agreed that not only did /u/mikedash provide a stellar response, not to mention last month's winner /u/J-Force and newcomer /u/Airborne_Walrus, but the question itself of "How accurate is Monty Python's 'Anarcho-Syndicalist Peasant' scene? Were small medieval villages de-facto self governing and autonomous from their noble lord and wider nation?" from /u/wifi-knight tickled our fancy as well.

Finally, the Excellence in Flairdom Award for August had only one possible choice, by which we mean several. Congratulations to our THREE-WAY tie for Excellence in Flairdom in August - /u/soviet_ghosts, /u/KippyPowers, and /u/nilhaus! The three of them have been working like desperate PhD students to get the AskHistorians Digital Conference up and running. Thanks soviet_ghosts, KippyPowers, and nilhaus!

As always, congrats to our very worthy winners, and thank you to everyone else who has contributed here, whether with thought-provoking questions or fascinating answers. And if this month you want to flag some stand-out posts that you read here for potential nomination, don't forget to post them in our Sunday Digest!

For a list of past winners, check them out here!

8 Answers 2020-09-06

The 1619 Project, made by the NYT, is intended to reframe how one views the history of the US via the lens of slavery. In an essay, it is said how one of the main reasons the colonists declared their independence from Britain was to protect the institution of slavery. How true is this claim?

1 Answers 2020-09-06

Why was the Lockheed Martin YF22 selected over the Northrop YF23 for the ATF program?

I recently read an article claiming that the YF23 was significantly superior on nearly all technical points, but that the YF22 was selected due to "political reasons". Is there any truth to this?

1 Answers 2020-09-06

What percentage of Nazis (soldiers, officials, etc) knew about the genocide against their fellow Jews?

I’m currently reading a book called “The forgotten Solider”, it’s a great book about a German soldiers first hand account of ww2. Its a roller coaster of emotions because it sometimes does make me sympathetic toward these “nazis” even though some would argue that they all deserve what they got (and a lot more). The author of the book was 17 at the time of his enlistment, and I am genuinely curious to know how many of these soldiers and civilians knew about the holocaust? There’s another story about a German Nazi stationed in Nanking, China during what was called “the rape of Nanking”(mass murder and rape of Chinese civilians by Japanese soldiers). He created a safe zone and actively put his life on the line to save civilians from this savagery. Some say he had no idea what was going on in Germany at the time, which makes sense because apparently he valued non white german lives, but begs the bigger question. Did everyone in Germany know what was going on?

1 Answers 2020-09-06

Would someone please take the time to robustly summarize Hannah Arendt's "Origins of Totalitarianism"?

I'm listening to the audio book for my own education and while parts are interesting, my knowledge of Jewish history is so limited that much of what she writes goes beyond my head, and therefore makes it difficult for me to follow along. I've never stopped reading a book midway before but I think this book may be the first. So I'm asking for a summary to grasp the essence of what she is seeking to communicate with her book.

For example, she had oftentimes referenced the "Dreyfus Affair" and its role in identifying Anti-Semitism and pushing forth the political identity of the Jews. Until I separately studied the Dreyfus Affair, I had no context to grasp her message. So perhaps a summary that I can maintain in the back of my head as I read the book would help guide me. I'm not yet halfway through.

Particularly I'm interested in grasping her analysis of how Jewish society became such a separate and disparate entity from nation-state identity and also how they evolved into the role of money lenders. Since I've only gotten midway through the book, any further summary of the rest of the book would be appreciated.

1 Answers 2020-09-06

What was Hitler's ideas for the different ethnicities?

There was the idea of the aryan "race" which would be the elite society of the Nazi-Reich, and e.g. the purpose of the slavic population will be the one of a workforce to the aryans. How did his plan look for other ethnicities?

1 Answers 2020-09-06

In West German service, the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter was so accident-prone, with 116 pilots killed and 292 out of 916 aircraft lost, that it became the subject of a British concept album, 'Captain Lockheed and the Starfighters', in 1978. What went so wrong for the Starfighter in Germany?

Was this just a German problem, or was the machine generally flawed?

1 Answers 2020-09-06

How did Nazis know who is a Jew?

I'm wondering how did Nazis know who is a Jew and who isn't, there isn't a specific document which says your heritage or religion and you could't take DNA tests to reveal where do you come from or from what people you come from. Maybe my question is stupid but I could't find the answer to this anywhere.

1 Answers 2020-09-06

How did Robert Walpole stay in power for so long?

Hello! I’ve heard some about Robert Walpole and his role in the South Seas Bubble along with him being the “first PM of Britain” and I’m wondering how he was not only able to become so powerful but to stay in power for about two decades.

1 Answers 2020-09-06

Why was Beijing chosen as the capital city of the PRC? What was the process behind that decision, and why did they choose the capital of the Qing dynasty?

I found myself wondering about this the other day. Beijing isn't a central location. There are other more populous regions.

And my understanding is that the CCP has a complicated relationship with Imperial history and often tries to distinguish itself from the old imperial system. So why did they not pick a 'new' capital? What was the decision process that made Beijing the choice, and were any other cities considered?

1 Answers 2020-09-06

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