Women were very powerful in the middle ages, and times surrounding.

Women were powerful, lead armies, led countries and won battles. What happened? Where was the turning point to women segregation? When did women stop being leaders, and start losing their rights? (Voting, etc)

There is a quote I really like that is attributed to Aeschylus. It goes,

He who learns must suffer. And even in our sleep pain that cannot forget falls drop by drop upon the heart, and in our own despair, against our will, comes wisdom to us by the awful grace of God.

But Aeschylus lived some 500 years BCE, and probably had little to no contact with Judaism. Was there a strain of monotheism in Greece that I am unaware of? Or should this quote be attributed to someone else?

It's such a cultural cliche of the mustache twirling villain to tie the damsel to the train tracks to get run over by the impending train, but was that based on real occurrences? Or some writer in the 19th century come up with the idea when looking at trains one day?

Even in the present day nearly 50% of the countries population live in the mountains. Stretching from Venezuela to Chile.

I am writing a research paper on a specific event, idea (religious, political, philisophical, social, etc) and how it relates to another event or idea in Chineese history (any time period). Sorry for the lack of a prompt but my proffessor seriously left this essay really open ended and basically said it can be about anything.

My running thesis is as follows:

The cultural revolution led by Mao Zedong in 1966, and the socialist government system and ideas set in place during his rule, have had leasting effevts regarding censorhip in modern day China.

This thesis got me 66% so it is clearly lacking. A work in progress if you will

1.) Is there any way i could make this thesis better? I beleive my use of socialism in my thesis is annacurate and my thesis may be a bit too vague.

2.)I was thinking about things such as the Tiananmen Square protests, media cencorship, and state run news agencies as examples for my paper when making this thesis. As well as talking about marxism in China and how it influences the cencorship taking place in China. Although I was wondering if Im missing more obvious examples.

3.) Do you have any good reads related to this time period or other good sorces you think are in the same scope of my thesis?

Me and my dad have recently started watching the show Vikings and in it they form shield walls/barriers . Did they actually use this in combat ?

Recently I have been doing a lot of research into the Crusades. Although numerous articles and websites state that the Crusades were politically driven and that the social elites used religion as a tool for their own political desires they never back up their evidence with any primary sources.

I was wondering if anyone knew of any primary sources, (e.g documents written during the crusades) which show that they were politically driven?

Thanks

How extensive are trade networks at this time? Can I buy amber from the Baltic, tin from Britain, silk from China, spices from India?

Hello,

Don't know if anyone can help, but I'm currently writing an extensive historical research paper on the legal position and general conditions of women in the Georgian and Regency period in England and I am therefore looking for some source material on British marriage law, family law and especially inheritance/property law (or just generally law material on the subject of women) from the period. Does anyone know any good sites where I can find such material or any historians who might have published anything on this topic? I have looked around the university library and on the internet but so far what I have found that could be of any use has been sparse.

Thank you in advance,

- A desperate university student

I've seen masks and hoods that belonged to various medieval executioners of the past, and I've always wondered...why the face concealment?

I know that they were often the first to be murdered when they arrived at camps, but surely a few healthier 65+-year-olds made it through? One thing that most of the Holocaust narratives that I've read don't tend to feature is personal experience of the long-term ramp-up to the Holocaust. Were there any survivors who also recounted hearing about the Dreyfuss or Beilis Affairs, or similar incidents well before the Holocaust? I've also read that Jewish emigration to the US spiked in the early decades of the 1900s; is that indicative of a strong upswell of anti-Semitism at the same time? Did older Holocaust survivors feel like they "saw it coming," at least in some way?

Glass making and glass working workshops were a separate thing back then, my question is what was the raw form of glass that glass working shops bought to melt into liquid and create bottles and stuff with. Was it small beads like raindrops or large square chunks of glass ? or maybe glass panes ? Also what were the units used for glass? I can't find anything about this topic all I find about glass are already made objects.

I can't imagine you would be trading to a different town in something already made like bottles just for it to be remelted.

I just watched the Return of the King a few days ago and in the battle, after destryoing the first line of Orcish Pikes, the Rohirrim cavalry were literally trampling over hordes and hordes of Orcs. As in a single Rider of Rohan was literally killing hundreds of Orcs because his horse was literally trempling on multiple in its straight path in such rapid speed as though one Rohan Knight was killing at the pace of a stationed machine gunned being attacked by thousands of troops in World War 1.

IRL how would such a charge play out? I remember reading somewhere of how human bodies are obstacles to horses and while a horse may actually trample and kill some soldiers in the initial charge, the momentum would be stopped after the penetrating the first row of soldiers (even if the soldiers were disorganized as the Orcs were in the movie).

That real life cavalry charges could be stopped by the weight of men behind the first row much like how a the momentum of a Phalanx would stop the charge of enemy infantry and push off the attack.

I even remember in Shogun:Total War of how the Cavalry units had to use their spears to kill even retreating peasants and don't literally tramp of retreating troops like how Hollywood portrays in movies like Return of the King and Bravehart.

I know of course shields and long polar arms like Pike sand spears would stop such a cavalry charge even assuming it penetrates the first row. But the more I read real battles, the more it becomes apparent even whole groups of men without shields or pole arms would not merely be trampled over and even if the cavalry force was at full momentum and had outnumbered the group of men, horses would normally hesitate attempting to literally stomp over such a group.

Horses are not the killing machines movies portray them as (even if the opponents are not anti-cavalry and are poorly armed to fight cavalry).

Have Native Americans ever interacted with Islamic, Asian, or other non European cultures?

Say I own a mine in Alabama in the 1840s. Could I purchase slaves to work these mines? Would this practice have been common? Were there laws prohibiting the type of work a slave was allowed to do?

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How does the Japanese Katana relate and contribute to Japanese visual culture, especially in the Edo period?