How much influence did President Carter's threat to cut Israeli military aid have in the process of the Israel-Egypt peace deal?

Since military aid to Isreal has come up recently around the Democratic primary elections, I thought it would be interesting to learn about the only other time (I am aware of) it was considered to be stopped. I know this is a politically contentious issue, and I have no intent on implying any position in this question. With that in mind: Was the threat seriously considered? How much effect did the threat have on Begin's decision to remove settlements in the Sinai? How much influence did it have on the rest of the peace process?

1 Answers 2020-01-28

Why is it called the Byzantine Empire when the city was known as Constantinople for centuries longer than it was called Byzantium?

1 Answers 2020-01-28

Why didn't Nazis just kill all Jews in concentration camps?

Instead, they had to feed them, house them, etc. It just doesn't seem to make sense from economic perspective to imprison people you were going to kill eventually.

2 Answers 2020-01-28

What were some of the reasons why China ended up invading Korea to start the Korean War?

I know more stuff about the war than what really started it. About MacArthur's tactics, the intelligence flaw, and the president replaced him...

Was it just because of the Cold War and Communism that China wanted to attack Korea or was it because of their failing economy?

1 Answers 2020-01-28

Does anyone have any sources on Chinese identity during the late 19th/20th century?

I am trying to research Chinese Identity

Does anyone have any sources I should go to?

2 Answers 2020-01-28

Since Vikings believed in Valhalla were they essentially fearless on the battlefield? And were they excited for war?

1 Answers 2020-01-28

In 1949, the Soviets put Kwantung Army officers complicit in Unit 731 in a war crimes trial in Khabarovsk. What made the Soviets put on a trial in Soviet territory about atrocities in China? Did the trial affect Soviet geopolitics in early Cold War Asia?

Asking especially since many of the other major Soviet-run war crimes tribunals were against Nazis and collaborators about war crimes on occupied Soviet territory. Were there plans since 1945 to put captured Kwantung Army officers on trial? If not, what did the Soviets plan on doing with them between 1945 and 1949?

Also, considering the seniority of some of the Imperial Japanese officers being tried (including the Commander-in-Chief of the Kwantung Army himself), the trial was held pretty late in the post-WWII justice process, even after the other Nuremberg trials ended in April 1949. Why did a trial suddenly happen in late 1949? Was the Khabarovsk war crimes trial simply a sop to the newly-founded People's Republic of China, a belated Cold War-era effort to rival the US-led Tokyo Trials, or was it a genuine effort by Stalin to punish war crimes/deter biochemical warfare, etc? And how did the trial affect Soviet relations with China, Japan, the US, and other Pacific nations?

1 Answers 2020-01-28

How did WW2 Japanese soldiers view the Kempeitai?

Nowadays, the Kempeitai are primarily known for numerous war crimes they have committed. However, I'm curious about what did other members of IJA and IJN (both high-ranking and rank-and-file) think of that unit.

For instance:

  • Was the Kempeitai considered an elite unit or was it not particularly prestigious? Was it selective? Did IJA members have to volunteer to join the Kempeitai?
  • As a followup to the previous question - how did joining the Kempeitai affect one's further service? Was it considered a good turn for the military career?
  • Was there any resentment towards the members of the Kempeitai because of the amount of power they had, or the fact that they did not fight on the frontlines?
  • Did the average Japanese soldier know about the methods used by the Kempeitai, and if he did, would he think of them as too brutal?
  • What about the Tokkeitai? Did it have the same reputation as the Kempeitai or were there differences in how the two organizations were perceived?

1 Answers 2020-01-28

Battle of Gallipoli

I'm just wondering what happened at the battle of Gallipoli what factions where involved and that the outcome of it was. Also the reason behind it

1 Answers 2020-01-28

How good/bad were the Knights Templar in general?

I ask this question because some say that the Knights Templar were mostly overzealous murderers, brutally massacring Muslim civilians during the Crusades.

However, I heard from another person that from multiple Muslim sources, the Knights Templar had a reputation of utmost chivalry, protecting even Muslim civilians within Jerusalem against overzealous freshly arrived Knights from Europe.

What seems to be the general consensus amongst Historians regarding the behaviour and reputation of the Knights Templar?

1 Answers 2020-01-28

What is Rhodesia and what happened to it?

Last night I was looking around Wikipedia and found a article about countries that no longer exist and for some reason Rhodesia caught my eye so I figured I would find out more and come here

1 Answers 2020-01-28

What happened that cause the size of armies to go from hundreds of thousands in the time of Alexander the Great to just mere thousands in the time of the battle of Agincourt?

2 Answers 2020-01-28

New Jersey abolished slavery in 1776, but went on to re-legalize it and vote against the Thirteenth Amendment. Why did attitudes change so dramatically in the Northern state?

1 Answers 2020-01-28

What was behind the attacks on ethnic Russians in Tuva in 1990?

Reading the Wikipedia page on Tuva, 1990 seems to have been a pretty tumultuous year. Notably, "there was a wave of attacks against Tuva's sizeable Russian community, including sniper attacks on trucks and attacks on outlying settlements with 168 murdered. Russian troops eventually were called in. Many Russians moved out of the republic during this period." What were these attacks like, and who was perpetrating them? What were the motivations and goals of the perpetrators? Finally, what were the consequences of these attacks?

1 Answers 2020-01-28

Were the Vikings as militarily dominant as portrayed?

In popular depictions, the Norse raiders aka Vikings, are shown to be an unstoppable force. They seemed to be able to raid with impunity from the Baltic, North Germany and out to England. Was this accurate? Did the military forces of their raiding targets really stand no chance of defeating the Viking raiders? Why?

2 Answers 2020-01-28

To what extent did Nazi Germany attempt to hide their crimes from the German citizenry? Was there a real fear held by Himmler or Hitler that revealing the scope of their genocidal activities to the German people would have serious repercussions?

2 Answers 2020-01-28

I've read that when Zoroastrianism was still a significant minority religion in Persia, Muslims would torture and kill their dogs in order to provoke revolts which they could then suppress and forceably convert the survivors. Is this a probable tactic and of so, was it used against other minorities?

I think the source was The Silk Roads: A New History of the World by Peter Frankopan but I may be wrong.

1 Answers 2020-01-28

Did slavery play a significant role in Texas secession from Mexico? If not, what changed in the next 25 years?

1 Answers 2020-01-28

How do historians deal with hindsight bias? Specifically regarding historical explanation.

When studying history, some might get the idea that a lot of historical incidents or developments were in a way inevitable. Because we know now that the Axis powers lost WWII, or that the Macedonian successor kingdoms lost against the Romans, it seems like that was just the way history had to unfurl. Yet, if it was obvious that the Axis powers would lose the war, they certainly wouldn't have started it. Or if the Macedonians knew the Romans would take over their kingdoms, they wouldn't have fought amongst themselves so much. Only in hindsight does it seems obvious what was happening. For the people alive during those times, it wasn't.

Nevertheless, when searching for explanations why the Allies won WWII, or why the Romans conquered Greece and the middle east, this hindsight bias plays an important role because it is precisely because we know what happened that we can try and come up with explanations why it did.

So, how do historians balance an unbiased view, 'through the lens of the historical people' so to speak, and an overarching view wherein they can think about the why-questions and come up with explanations for historical events?

1 Answers 2020-01-28

Did Pre-Columbian Native Americans Have Cauldrons?

This is going to sound a bit weird, so please bear with me. I was reading up on Irish stew and noted the idea that cauldrons as a cooking technology weren't introduced to Europe until relatively late.

So this makes me curious about pre-European contact Native Americans. I know metalwork was limited on the continent so metal cauldrons per se probably wouldn't have existed, but I also know they made stone bowls and whatnot - did Native Americans have a tradition of cauldron-style cookery? Or was this a less obvious part of the Columbian exchange?

1 Answers 2020-01-28

How did people make fire for cooking before match sticks became easily available ?

1 Answers 2020-01-28

Why was Greece a notable beneficiary of Indian produce/grain during WW2?

During WW2 Britain shipped grain from India causing mass starvation there. Greece is mentioned as one of the recipients of Indian produce. Why Greece?

1 Answers 2020-01-28

Nazi era occult?

I'm doing a presentation for my class and I chose to do it about Nazi's and their potential involvement in the occult. Is there any credible sources where I can get more information on this subject?

2 Answers 2020-01-28

At what point did Nazi generals/commanders/officers realistic realize the war was lost?

I was reading about Nazis fleeing the country (many to South America), obviously plans were in place long before Hitler's final days in his bunker in Berlin. When did most high ranking Nazis realize they had better have a Plan B because the war would be lost? Obviously many couldn't voice this opinion but with the benefit of documents, letters, hindsight, etc...when did they begin post war plans because they knew there would be no Third Reich in the future?

1 Answers 2020-01-28

Is there any data on the epidemics brought from the Europeans during the European colonization of America?

I'm currently doing a project in school about the influence of the epidemics that killed a lot of the indigenous people of America on the success of the european settlers. It would be nice if any data on how many were killed by the epidemics exists. Does such data exist?

2 Answers 2020-01-28

1544 / 7255

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