How historically accurate is James Clavell's book Shogun?

How accurate discribed daylife in XVII century Japan? Especially about their hygiene rules and diet.

1 Answers 2020-01-20

Was Child Rape/Pedophilia Legal During the time of American slavery?

While I do know that rape of african/black slaves was common during those times I’m having an extremely hard time grasping how the rape of children could have been something people acknowledged and accepted as a part of American life?

I know there are cases of young girls and women being raped as children by slave masters but is there any evidence or writings to suggest that such a thing was frowned upon or looked down or even illegal?

1 Answers 2020-01-20

Why did the Space Race stop at the Moon?

The Americans are viewed as the winners of the space race because of the Moon landing in 1969, but did it stop there? It seems like space stations and Mars landings would have been avenues for getting the upper hand on the Americans, so why did the Space Race end in 1969?

1 Answers 2020-01-20

Why did Britain only have control of Hong Kong as a result of a 99-year lease instead of obtaining outright ownership of the territories?

I find it peculiar that Imperial Britain would only lease Hong Kong instead of fully taking it over

1 Answers 2020-01-20

How did people keep warm in Medieval England?

Possibly a simple question, I would assume that they wore lots of wool and thick layers and such. But even walking on the street in a modern down-filled jacket I’m still shivering in 31 degree Fahrenheit weather. I imagine it got much colder and wetter in the medieval period.

So how did they do it? How did medieval people keep themselves warm enough to function in a cold, Northern European climate without modern tech?

2 Answers 2020-01-20

The show "The Bastard Executioner" paints 14th century combat as being mostly swords and some axes, with swift strikes and complex combos. Was this really what 14th century combat was like? Would a skilled swordsman be able to penetrate chain mail easily? Were battles always disorganised gore fests?

1 Answers 2020-01-20

How come certain civilization such as ancient Egypt, Greece, China, and most of Europe and others had advanced civilizations but other areas like most of Africa and North America didn't??

All of these regions had people living in them for thousands of years, yet not all of them had the widely known and advanced (for their time) civilizations. The Citadel of Aleppo in Syria was built in 5,000 years ago in Europe, and lots of castles from 1,000 C.E. are still standing. The Pyramids of Egypt were built around the same time Temple of Karnak was built about 1,000 years later.

Looking at just the past 1,000 years, there are tons of castles standing in Europe, the Forbidden City and similar in China, Machu Picchu in the 15th century, etc. These trends just do not seem to follow in regions such as Southern Africa and North America. Dont get me wrong, they all have recorded civilizations and structures that have existed just as long, but they just didnt seem to be as advanced for a very long time. Most of the oldest structures in the USA exist in southern parts are from south american civilizations, even though Native Americans lives here for over 10,000 years.

One can blame the cold in North America for slowing down advancement but Europe and northern parts of Asia had tough winters as well and were still able to advance. Then you have Egypt which has the same climate as most of Africa yet they advanced much more than most of the rest of the continent. Why?

1 Answers 2020-01-20

Do we know where, when, or why the view of suicide as a sinful or dishonorable act first appeared?

It seems to me that suicide is prohibited or frowned upon in many of the world's religions and cultures, including the Abrahamic religions, Buddhism and Hinduism, notwithstanding some exceptions such as martyrdom.

Do we have any evidence pointing to this belief appearing in one place and then being propagated, or did it independently appear in multiple locations? Is there a benefit in discouraging suicide that helped spread this view? What is the earliest written record condemning suicide we know of? Supposing there is an inkling of truth to stories of mass assisted suicide recounted by Josephus in the sieges of Jotapata and Masada, do we know of any stories of assisted suicides prior to these examples?

1 Answers 2020-01-20

When did the Cold War start to be called "The Cold War"?

There's a lot of information and opinions about when the Cold War started but when did it start to be referred to as such?

1 Answers 2020-01-20

Why did Andalusians dominate the Spanish settlers of the New World? Did the presence of Andalusians impact the way colonial cultures developed in comparison to "metropolitan" Spain?

1 Answers 2020-01-20

It’s a point of pride for many Trekkies to say Star Trek was the driving force behind modern fandom. However, I’ve also read the same about Sherlock Holmes. What is the history of fandom, either modern or ur?

1 Answers 2020-01-20

I know Native Americans didn't have horses until Europeans showed up, but did they use any other animals for war, other than as pack animals? Battle llamas?

1 Answers 2020-01-20

Genoese colony in Crimea

The game "Europa Universalis 4" begins in 1444. It depicts Genoa, a playable nation at that date, holding a small island or group of Islands off the western coast of Anatolia (the game calls the province Scio under Italian ownership, Chios if a Greek nation takes it -there's a Turkish toponym as well, but I don't know what it is because playing as the Ottomans from the 1444 start is easy mode) as well as a small amount of territory in the eastern part of Crimea, and on the mainland across the narrows. Did the Genoese maintain an extraterritorial empire, in those places or elsewhere? How long did they have it? Was it profitable for them? How and when did they lose it? How did they treat the locals, and how did the locals respond?

2 Answers 2020-01-20

How good was 'Nazi Engineering' really?

In the popular understanding of World War 2 there tends to be something of a fetishisation of the Nazis technological and engineering capabilities, usually informed by the idea that they punched significantly above their weight because of stuff like the Tiger tank or their V1 and V2 weapon projects. There's lots of history channel documentaries about things like their experimental aircraft or the absurdly gigantic Schwerer Gustav artillery piece for example. At the most extreme end of things you end up with Sci-fi nazis in the vein of the Wolfenstein or Overlord that's a bit of staple in videogames and movies.

However I've been intrigued when I read some more left orientated discussion on this where it is often argued that this entire phenomenon of Nazi Super-Engineering and crazy scientific advancement is extremely overblown, that products like the Tiger were objectively badly designed when it came to real life battlefield utility and sucked up unnecessary amounts of resources that could have been better spent on less ostentatious things. Even if things like the V2 rocket were impressive developments they were terrible ways to expend resources at a time when Nazi Germany really could not afford to be wasting away time and money on such frivolities. Furthermore that the Nazi's engineering was quite unimpressive compared to their enemies, especially the Soviets, and that this was made obvious by the way they tried to imitate some key Soviet products, most notably the way the Panther tank was heavily inspired by the T-34, but characteristically had a whole bunch of bells and whistles that compromised its overall effectiveness, especially when it came to producing quickly and in large numbers. There's a perception from this point of view that the Nazis created equipment and vehicles that were extremely over-designed and thus broke down or failed and were difficult to repair at critical times compared to the more robust Soviet equipment.

The reasoning for why the perception of Nazi Super Science exists, under this line of thought, is because of a combination of the Nazi's love of huge, charismatic projects that look good in a propaganda reel even if they are painfully inefficient, like giant tanks or artillery guns, stereotypes about German industriousness and technology both before and after the war and the Cold War era considerations where the Western Allies in particular placed great emphasis on German technology and general fighting ability both because it made them seem more impressive when they defeated the Nazis despite the huge economic and population disparity and because it played into the notion that the Eastern Front was defined by a professional, advanced German army that man-per-man was vastly superior to the Soviets and only lost because of the crude weight of numbers that the Soviet Union could bring to bear.

So what's the current consensus on Nazi engineering? Were they building bleeding tech that let them punch far above their weight or were they taking months to construct Frankenstein monstrosities of tanks and planes that probably broke down before it even got out the factory gate and wasted tons of precious time and money?

1 Answers 2020-01-20

In the aftermath of the First World War, if a strong Poland was desired, why didn't the allies bring back the Polish-Lithuanian State instead of releasing them as two different sovereign nations.

I cannot speak for the English but I know the French wanted a strong Polish ally as a replacement for Russia (given the revolution) as an eastern deterrent against Germany. However one of the most contentious portions of Versailles was the Polish Corridor, whose main purpose was to give the new Polish state access to the sea. What I am wondering, is couldn't the French have killed two birds with one stone by advocating both for a united Polish-Lithuanian State whose port would be the Lithuanian coastline?

Let me know if this is better suited for r/HistoryWhatIf, but I am genuinely curious why the Allies didn't take the opportunity to make such a large state in Eastern Europe as a bulwark both against the rise of communism in the area as well as to keep tabs on German eastern-ambition.

1 Answers 2020-01-19

How did people in the past deal with romance considering their hygiene?

I'm wondering if people in the past kissed and did tongue, and how they had sex considering the hygiene was different back then. Nowadays we've convenient things like a tooth brush, tooth paste and good medical or dentist technology to fight bad breath and teeth. We also have electricity, plumbing, hot showers, sinks and tampons.

I'm wondering how people in the past dealt with the stench from their teeth and bodies. Warming water on the fireplace was expensive and time consuming because of wood, water could be polluted, they didn't have the same rinsing technology as us and owned fewer clothes. In addition they lived in different houses and worked much outside meaning sweat, dirt etc. There's many people nowadays with bad breath and body odor despite the good technology we had and that they're using them, so I'm wondering if it was worse back then.

I also wonder if they enjoyed sex, or just did it to have children regardless of how disgusting and stinky it was. This is a serious question asked out of pure curiosity.

1 Answers 2020-01-19

I'm curious about the early colonization of the Americas.

I'm trying to set up a table top game that is inspired by my rather limited understanding of that time in history (the players basically got a jump on colonization before any of the power players).

I want to know about major themes and events in that part of history, as well as anything about the cultures of the natives. My own education in the subject is from a middle school class almost a decade ago and I'm struggling to find resources online, although that is mostly due to the fact that I'm not sure how to search for things like that. Any recommendations for resources to pick through would also be helpful.

Thanks in advance.

1 Answers 2020-01-19

It is well understood that pagan Shamans used psychoactive substances such as magic mushrooms. What happened to this practice? Was magic mushroom eating suppressed by the Romans?

1 Answers 2020-01-19

How did Qing Obtain Taiwan?

1 Answers 2020-01-19

In 1978–9, Vietnam invaded Cambodia, toppling the Khmer Rouge government led by Pol Pot and ending the Cambodian genocide. Why did the United States subsequently support the Khmer Rouge at the UN?

1 Answers 2020-01-19

Where on the internet can i find a WWI collection of materials?

I'm looking mainly for pictures (preferably the more unknown ones), poems written in memory of soldiers, letters written to such soldiers and every other material than can transform the "cold distant past" into a more "warm and humane" one. This is for a personnel project, and while not directly about history it is related enough that asking a historian would make sense.

1 Answers 2020-01-19

When exactly did plate armour and its later equivalents become obsolete on the battlefield and when did their eventual phasing out occur?

While watching the Netflix movie The King, in which the prince who would become Henry V engages in single combat wearing a full set of body armour, I began to wonder when a knight dressed as such would've been a thing of the past on the battlefield. I'm assuming it closely followed gun powder and subsequently muskets and the like becoming wide-spread but I'd imagine it took a lot of nations time to adjust to the warfare altering effects of such an invention, much like the way we're taught the tactics of World War One lagged behind the speedy growth of humans abilities to kill one another.

1 Answers 2020-01-19

In the film “1917,” British units were mixed with Indian and black soldiers alongside white soldiers. Did this happen in real life?

I couldn’t find any information online.

3 Answers 2020-01-19

I found a 1930 German book in a thrift store... and there is a hand written note inside

My grandmother and I were searching for old books we could use for crafting when I came across this one that had a hand written note inside it. I bought it without hesitation (for $1.00) and it wasnt until I got it home I realized it was all in German including the letter. Immediately I began to (to my best ability with zero knowledge of German and only Google Translate to help me) translate it.

Here is what it said in German: Choral und orgel sind nicht fur den organisten sandern orgel und organist samt dem choral sind fűr die Gemeinde da. Seite 45

Mochti daher der organist mě vergessen, dasy ihm ein heiliges amt vertraut, und er deshalf verpflichtet ist alles anfzubieten, um dusch seim Spiel die religiöse Erbauung der Glanbigen zu fördern. Seite 40 Die Orgel tritt immer lütend order begleitend anf. Seite 39

Eine einfache, ungekünstelte choralbegleitung immer die beste, zweckmaśzigste und würdevallste ist. Seite 45

Also lieber organist, spiele demen choral einfach, ohne Vorschläge, Zwischentöne, Triller, ect, streng nach dem choral buche ab! Seite 46

Erste Erfordermis, dasz der organist imstande ist, der choral glatt und ohne Anstosz und takt gemäsz zu spielen. Es choral gelunden spielt, daz er dem Zeilenschlüssen die mötige Aufmerksamkeit schenkt, und dasz er versteht, dem Gemeinde, gesang nicht nur zu begleiten, sondern ihn auch zu luten. Seite 46

Töne in den Mittelstimmen, die mehreren akkorden eigen sind liegen läszt. Dies darf dagegin nicht in der melodie führereuden Stimme und auch nicht im Basse geschehen. S. 46 Im ersterem galle wïrde dadurch die Melodie geäudert, Im letzteren würden Rhythmus und Takt fïrdie singende Gemeinde unklar werden.

Die Orgel im Gottesdienst, G.C.A. Käppel

And here is what Google translated it to: Choir and organ are not for the organist sandern organ and organist together with the chorale are there for the community. Page 45

The organist must therefore forget that he is trusted by a holy office, and he is therefore obliged to offer everything in order to promote the religious edification of the faithful. Page 40 The organ always starts in a ventilating or accompanying manner. Page 39

A simple, unaffected choral accompaniment is always the best, most practical and most dignified. Page 45

So dear organist, just play their chorale, without suggestions, overtones, trills, ect, strictly according to the choral book! Page 46

The first requirement is that the organist is able to play the chorale smoothly and without bumps and tact. It plays chorale well, paying special attention to the line closings, and that he understands, the community, not only to accompany singing, but also to sing it. Page 46

There are no tones in the middle voices that are characteristic of several chords. This must not happen in the melody leading voice or in the bass. P. 46 In the former, the melody would be changed, in the latter, rhythm and rhythm would become unclear for the singing community.

The organ in the service, G.C.A. Käppel

I researched "G.C.A. Käppel" and found a "Georg Chrisoph Albert Käppel" that seems to fit the context of the note. The most I could find on him was this old Lutheran blog post: https://lutheranmuseum.com/2017/08/25/another-wittenberg-musician

The book this note was in is, as I said, in German too, which wouldn't be a problem if the font wasnt so hard to read.

Basically I'm coming here to see if anyone can tell me if they know about this person or if this note has any significance... and if there is anyone I should give it to or if it is possible worth anything? I know that might be a stretch but any information about this would be very VERY much appreciated.

If more context is needed, I can try to answer additional questions.

3 Answers 2020-01-19

Did Congress ever give away seeds?

In Walden, Thoreau mentions Congressmen giving away seeds. In a footnote it is said that this was a traditional practice. Is this true? If so, how did it start? How long did it last?

1 Answers 2020-01-19

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