In this picture (link below) hanging up in my town's town hall showing an American colonist and some Native people in the mid 1600s, how accurately depicted are their clothing?

This picture is hanging up in our town hall in Natick, Massachusetts (a suburb west of Boston). It depicts the town's founder, John Eliot preaching to Native people around 1651.

How historically accurate are the clothing depicted in the picture--both Eliot's clothes and the Native people? If the clothing is not accurately depicted, why might the artist have chosen to depict them that way anyway?

[Trying again since I didn't get a response earlier this week]

1 Answers 2019-11-06

What was China doing during WW2? did they help at all?

1 Answers 2019-11-06

Why did the Zimbabwean economy crash shortly after it's independence if it had significant backing from nearby states and the Communists during the Rhodesian Bush War?

If the nearby Communist states and China were willing to fund, train and arm guerillas to attack Rhodesia, why would they stop providing support to Zimbabwe once it had gained its independence?

For example, during the land seizures, a lot of skilled expertise in managing the economy was lost, however, wouldn't Communist-aligned states be willing/able to provide materiel and educational support to replace the lost skills in agriculture? It seems like once Zimbabwe had gained independence, it was abandoned by the Eastern bloc to its own devices.

1 Answers 2019-11-06

Did Stalin really say "Mama, do you remember our tsar? Well, I'm something like the tsar" ?

Edvard Radzinsky wrote the book [Stalin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stalin_(Radzinsky_book)) in which the claim is made that:

Stalin explaining his role [to his mother]: "Mama, do you remember our tsar? Well, I'm something like the tsar," and [his mother] responding "You'd have done better to become a priest."

I am wondering how reliable Radzinsky is as a historian, and whether there is any evidence for this quote.

For context, this quote received over 11,000 upvotes in /r/todayilearned:

https://np.reddit.com/r/todayilearned/comments/86en3v/til_that_when_stalin_visited_his_mother_in_1935/

As you would expect, so-called Marxists-Leninists tend to claim Radzinsky is an unreliable, right-wing source that can't be trusted. Is there any evidence for this counter-claim?

1 Answers 2019-11-06

Were the middle ages really as miserable as they are so often depicted?

1 Answers 2019-11-06

Holocaust Survivors Post World War II

I was wondering how did those displaced by The Holocaust recover after the war? Were they able to recover any houses that might have been taken from them? How they even begin to return to normality?

1 Answers 2019-11-06

What was the attitude of the Japanese public to the Tokyo War Crimes Trial, and how were unconvicted perpetrators of war crimes treated in Japan after the war?

1 Answers 2019-11-06

Did enemy combatants target Fifer/Drummer boys during the age of musket/powder rifle based warfare?

AFAIU, drummers have always been a staple in infantry units to keep order, coordination, and rhythm. This makes intuitive sense!

Now, when popular media depicts battle scenes between armies with muskets or powder rifles, there always seems to be a pre-pubescent boy playing a fife next to another boy playing a drum. Both boys are always depicted on the front row of the formation.

According to the Wiki on this topic:

"drummers were more often adult men, recruited like the common soldiers. Fifers, on the other hand, being not an official part of the regiments early on, were usually recruited from young boys... the youngest boys were sometimes treated as mascots by the adult soldiers... The image of a small child in the midst of battle was seen as deeply poignant by 19th-century artists."

How did the opposing armies typically engage with these so-called "mascots"?? Did they generally let them live and play on, or did they try to attack them as fast as possible, or....?

It seems self-evident that the fifer/drum boys would be easy targets... and, if one were to silence the enemy's mascot right away, wouldn't that grant your side a tactical advantage by immediately demoralizing your enemy?

What if a fifer boy or a drummer boy/man were to be captured? How would they be treated compared with other combatants?

If I was an infantry man in an army on the literal front line, and I took out the enemy's fifer/drum boys, how would this act be viewed by my compatriots? (I am assuming that the enemy army would view it as an act of high barbarism since the youth was not firing shots).

What did the fifer/drum boys do once the combat got really intense? Were they also armed? What were their typical "marching orders"? Were these orders along the lines of "keep playing no matter what to keep up morale"... or something else?

Are there any known stories of a fifer/drum boy coming face to face with the enemy army's fifer/drum boy? If so, what happened?

Finally, I know this community prefers specific eras for discussion, but I would love to also learn more about "combat mascots" and their treatment during other time periods and other modes of warfare! (When my brother-in-law fought in the Battle of Ramadi in Iraq as a Marine Corps Infantryman, his battalion utilized vehicles outfitted with giant loud speakers that blasted Heavy Metal music for many days of heavy fighting to keep the troops amped up. I couldn't help but think that this was a modern version of that fifer boy.)

Also, special shout out to this badass fictional character that inspired me to want to learn more about this historical phenomena.

1 Answers 2019-11-06

Short Answers to Simple Questions | November 06, 2019

Previous weeks!

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  • Academic secondary sources are prefered. Tertiary sources are acceptable if they are of academic rigor (such as a book from the 'Oxford Companion' series, or a reference work from an academic press).

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29 Answers 2019-11-06

Why is the computer version of Mahjong so completely different from the real version?

The wikipedia article of the game did not really elaborate, and so I ask here

1 Answers 2019-11-06

Did capitalism develop independently in several regions of the world before globalization?

1 Answers 2019-11-06

How come mediaeval Iceland developed a culture of blood feuds?

From my understanding, honor and violence was a big part of basically all of Europe during the middle ages, and it included both peasantry and nobility alike. How come Iceland developed a culture of blood feuds and what did it entail that makes Iceland different from the rest of Scandinavia and Europe?

1 Answers 2019-11-06

Rifles have been used for atleast two centuries before the Napoleonic Wars, and yet during these two centuries swords were still being used, why do we see higher uses of swords in the 1600s and 1700s, but lesser uses in the early 1800s ?

What's the differnce that made rifles so prominent over swords, why use them more in the 1800s than the 1600s or the 1700s ? The first rifle to fire more than a single shot before reloading was made during the First World War, so it couldn't have been the fact that Rifles shot more bullets or something, and even during Napoleon's era, the rifles took 17 or 16 steps to reload!

1 Answers 2019-11-06

The Confederacy during the US Civil War was hopelessly outgunned and outmanned. How then did they manage to hold on for 5 years, and did they ever have a real chance at achieving at least a peace confirming their independence, or was the war lost from the start?

1 Answers 2019-11-06

The Swedish language day

Hi! Today is the Swedish day in the Nordic countries. The date originates from the death day of Gustav Adolf. My question is why is it called the Swedish day when the day is celebrated on a former kings death day?

1 Answers 2019-11-06

Are there any diaries in English from XIX century about travelling through Balkans?

1 Answers 2019-11-06

Did the North Vietnamese Air Force conduct air strikes on U.S. forces during the Vietnam War?

It always seems like whenever the North Vietnamese Air Force is mentioned during the Vietnam War they seem to fight very defensively, mostly air superiority and interception missions. Is there a reason for this? Did they ever go on offensive missions against U.S. positions?

1 Answers 2019-11-06

When (if ever) did the United States become a hegemonic power? If America was a hegemon and truly so powerful, why was the USSR able to challenge the United States as strongly as it did during the Cold War?

From my understanding, America started taking a more proactive stance in global geopolitics towards the end of nineteenth century. After World War 1, America was strongly involved in the economic rehabilitation of Europe before it entered a period of isolationism in the 1930s. I've read and heard references to "American hegemony" during the 20th century, so around when exactly did America establish itself as a hegemon, and was there a pivotal event that marked America's arrival as the greatest of the world powers?

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The second part of my question has to do with the Cold War. If America was indeed a hegemonic power why was the USSR able to challenge America in geopolitics so strongly during the Cold War? I've read that American industrial and militaristic capabilities were unmatched during the second half of the nineteenth century. If America was truly so powerful, why did the Cold War wage on for as long as it did?

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I understand this is a super loaded question, I'm trying to contextualize and understanding America's strength in the 1900s. Thanks so much :)

1 Answers 2019-11-06

Question about a great depression statistic.

I have a school debate project about the great depression in Canada, and I came across a puzzling statistic. (The source is one that teachers tell us to use all the time) It says "30 per cent of the labour force was out of work." but the unemployment rate at the time was 19%. How is this possible?

2 Answers 2019-11-06

Before 1914, what was European tourism like? If I were a British man in say the summer of 1913, would I find Germany an attractive destination spot?

1 Answers 2019-11-06

According to Andrew Roberts, Haiti in the early 1790’s, half an island with 8,000 people, produced more value of crops than every other American or Caribbean colony combined. How is it agriculturally possible to farm to densely?

He says that 40% of Europe’s sugar comes from Haiti and 60% of its coffee. It’s economic contributions amounted to 40% of french overseas trade. With all the spanish colonies in the Americas, and all the other Caribbean islands, how was Haiti so dense? They couldn’t grow plants on top of each other, could they? i would imagine that there simply wasn’t the flat land available to conduct much farming, but clearly there was. And if the land is so incredibly fertile there, them why is the other side of the island, modern Dominican Republic, so much less productive? Perhaps It would help to give statistics for mass or volume of crops produced?

EDIT: I’m terribly sorry, but the exact quote is “in the early 1790’s the produce of this former slave colony of 8,000 plantations was greater than all of Europe’s Caribbean and American colonies combined”. It appears as though he meant 8,000 plantations, not 8,000 people.

4 Answers 2019-11-06

What do historians think of Hong Xiquan (Taiping Rebellion China?)

Last I heard of this man, I was thinking that historians thought he was insane (he thought he was the brother of Jesus, among other things, and he started the worst civil war ever.) I've also heard of a secondary explanation: while he was insane, he had a point that China desperately needed modernization. What do historians think of Hong Xiquan? Truly insane, or did he have a point after all? Or something else?

1 Answers 2019-11-06

Poverty and Peasantry in Early Modern England

I'm referring to England in the 1600-1800's.

My understanding is that England was a feudal society, with lords and dukes overseeing the poor peasants, who tilled their lands and worked in their factories.

How was peasantry in England different from Scotalnd and Ireland in that time?

Did the poverty experienced by these Englishmen lead them to escape to the New World and Australia/NZ?

Is it safe to say that the English in early Canada/America/Australia were predominantly from a poor, working class background?

1 Answers 2019-11-06

In the new Netflix original The King, Henry V is depicted as wearing relatively informal and casual clothes around his inferiors. How accurate is this for European kinship of the late Middle Ages and early modern period?

1 Answers 2019-11-06

What's the best book about Jumbo The Elephant?

2 Answers 2019-11-06

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