Once Great Britain and other European powers colonized North America, how many generations passed before the British accent left peoples' speech? And where did heavy accents like those in Boston or other East-coast regions come from?

I have been reading the Aubrey-Maturin series lately and in it says that once an officer reached Post Captain promotions were based on seniority. My question is how long did it take to progress through the post Captain list?

Hello everyone and cold war researchers, I am writing a cold war article for the university and I got stuck in my research, my professor said that I need more cuban History reference like the colonization and formation of their politics and the approach of the Soviet Union, but all the books I could find focus on the communist revolution in the country in the view of Fidel Castro and Che Guevara.

Could anyone recommend me some good bibliography? Thanks for the attention.

How much autonomy did they have? What happened to the Mamluke warriors?

I have always been interested in the history of the Second World War and before but one thing I don’t find too many comprehensible articles or documentaries to explore is the issue of Denazification and the impact it had on modern Germany and Austria.

I know the allies had movie screenings showing the horrors of the third Reich and bringing a lot of people to court but I want to know a lot more about the impact it had on the society as a whole. For instance, how come (western) Germany is more friendly toward immigrants than let’s say the eastern part or Austria ( sorry for any individuals offended, just a personal observation). I know the allies didn’t go as far with their Denazification efforts in Austria and of course the eastern part was under Soviet control.

But what methods were used to make sure the horrible crimes were never repeated again? Movies showing the horrible crimes alone can’t be the answer? For example, Germany took in a lot of refugees in 2015 (and in the 90s) citing the horrors of their own people during the war. They still seem very liberal in admitting people from all over the world even though of a couple of crimes related to refugees which advances the far right but more so in the eastern part (where again) the Soviet’s were in control.

Nowadays, it seems the country is completely different in a couple of areas, more liberal in constitutional rights and extremely friendly towards immigrants with social benefits. The constitution was adopted in 1949, years after the war. I know a lot of people were scared of Hitler, but also a lot of people supported him and were talking about two generations ago, many of the children indoctrinated in school during the 30s and early 40s are have shaped the current German, liberal society. So I’m really interested if any of this is due to the effects of Denazification and what methods were used to accomplish this. Thanks!

I am currently reading The Cultural Revolution: A People's History, 1962 - 1976 by Frank Dikotter. Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping are mentioned throughout and were major players in the Communist Party. However, they are described as opponents to Mao's China and even are described as being part of the "bourgeois reactionary line." If these two were such fierce opponents to Mao's ideas of communism and the Cultural Revolution, why weren't they ever assassinated or sent to reeducation camps? I am not incredibly knowledgeable about Mao's China, but from what I have learned reading this book and just reading various things on the internet it seems that Mao simultaneously has a lot of control over China and none at all.

Maybe the book gets there eventually, or maybe it was mentioned and I have forgotten, but it doesn't make sense to me that they would safe if they are indeed enemies of the revolution. After all, Deng Xiaoping and the moderates of the Party assume control after Mao dies.

I was amazed to discover that nearly everything in 300 hundred was a lie, that Spartan military supremacy was a myth, that theirs was a horrendously cruel slave state, that Persians were actually more Democratic and egalitarian and free in many key ways, and so on. I feel this need to hear a coherent counter-narrative. Any recommendations?

May be a silly question but I was wondering why didn’t the US use atom bombs on the USSR after WWII. Were people just tired of fighting and not wanting another expensive war? Was the US even capable of doing so? Or were they trying to have good relations?

From what I've read, the last Sassanid king,Yazdegerd III, went to China Tang with his court after his realm was conquered by the rising Muslims. He didn't make it, but Peroz III, Yazdegerd's son, did. The Chinese helped him to set up a governorate/march around Afghanistan. Something happened and his entire court then settled in China for good, with Peroz's son, Narsieh seemingly assimilated and even adopted the family name Li.

Some questions on these events:

1. Why did the Persians sought to flee to China? Were they confident the Chinese would help them? What is the rationale for these actions or thoughts?

2. Why were the Chinese so welcoming to the point of helping Peroz set up a far flung governorate? Was it an altruistic decision? Some historical ties? Favour for a deposed prince? Expansion of sphere of influence?

3. Why did Peroz finally settled in China?

4. How was it for him and his people living in China? Were they treated as refugees/exiles?

5. What was the Chinese's reaction to Narsieh adopting the imperial family's family name? What happened to the House of Sasan after these events?

The ship met a storm and the captain drowned(The captain has a family.). Fortunately, the goods are safe. I found the captain's trade book and some of the money he hid. I didn't see any other documents. I've had a lot of experience as a navigator. Now I have the confidence that it is enough to be a captain. Crews also think positively of my becoming a captain.

The goods were purchased in half of the personal money of the captain and half with the money borrowed from investors. I'm expected to be able to pay off all debts owed to investors with the money me sold his ship's goods. I don't know what legal measures are needed to be the new captain of our ship.

If possible, I'd like to be a captain in a legitimate way. But if it's hard, I'd like to be a captain, even if it's dishonest. Tell me how I can be a captain.

(I understand that it is difficult to obtain data from this period. Any inaccurate information is fine.)

Was it an area with pre existing infrastructure, or a collection of villages? Or was it simply a plot of land he designated for construction?

I read somewhere, not sure where, that ancient Egyptian mummies were found with cocaine and tobacco, what evidence is there to back/debunk these claims?

I know a king has a lot of servants/people under him that each serve a different purposes such as a steward, standard bearer, a master of the hunt, etc. But if a king decides he wants to build a monument, or a tower, or something, who would he approach to get the job done? Essentially what would be considered the medieval version of a general contractor.

Information I'm looking for includes what the items of their kit were, summer/winter uniforms, common modifications, and common weapons

Any help is greatly appreciated

There's a lot of popular culture about kings having their food or drink poisoned. Was this as effective or widespread as it seems? What precautions could be taken? What were the different poisons used in these cases?

I was reading a post earlier that brought up the psychological effect of early firearms in battle. Did fireworks/gunpowder in general ever see use in battle simply for the loud noise and flash it makes?

Feel free to move this if it isn't in the right place, but this was the first place that came to mind.

i.e. how did the old wives explain static shocks or clothes sticking together?