I would assume for Romance-language-speaking peoples, the Mass was in Latin because it started in the language of the people and then they didn't want to update the liturgy as the language evolved. But why did they have Mass in Latin for peoples who spoke Germanic or Celtic or Slavic languages? Was this always the case? Would the missionaries who spread Christianity to Germanic or Celtic peoples in the 5th and 6th centuries have held Mass in Latin for their converts?

Why did Latin Mass last so long? Was there a dialogue about having Mass in the language of the people before the Reformation?

My great-grandfather served in the German army during WW2. I know from my grandmother that he never spoke of the war and he passed away relatively early after the war.

However, I have found a picture of him from around 1943 in a book at my grandma's home. I don't want to upload it here because of privacy reasons, but the picture depicts him wearing a uniform as well as a peaked cap and a sabre. There are no SS signs or other insignia. My grandma told me he burried the uniform after WW2. He was captured around Danzig/Gdánsk on a pensinsula and only got out of POW camp in 1956/57. He was imprisoned in Karaganda, Kazakhstan.

My grandma says all she knows is that he was in the army already pre-Hitler, and that during the war he was used in the Netherlands as a liaison guy and then he was sent to the eastern front.

I don't know a lot about the Wehrmacht outside of the average German's knowledge that they committed a boat load of atrocities, so I would be very glad if you could help me make a guess what position he likely had and therefore what very bad events he was involved in (especially considering his relatively long imprisonment).

Ethiopia (Aksum) was once considered one of the greatest empires of its time, rivaling China, Persia, and Rome. It was urbanized and played an important role in the world trade system. Why didn't it expand into a large empire by conquering it's neighboring tribes/countries like the others?

President Trump recently praised the Soviets as a "great ally" in the second World War. And although it's true that the USSR faced down the full force of the Wermacht and suffered tremendous losses, it seems like it also shares some responsibility for the start of the war.

The Molotov-Ribbentrop pact emboldened the Nazi invasion of Poland and allowed the Soviet annexation of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia. Annexing Bessarabia, Bukovina, and the Hertza region from Romania and invading Finland helped push these countries to the Axis side providing hundreds of thousands of men to the Eastern front as well as essential resources--the Ploiesti oil fields provided as much as 29% of the German oil supply in 1940.

What is the consensus of current historians on the Soviet role in the start and expansion of the war: did these actions (and others) enable the initial Nazi expansionism of 1939 to evolve into a World War? Or was it inevitable that the war would engulf the continent and Stalin was shrewdly playing a bad hand?

Hi,

So, I know there are obvious limitations to my question but I'm looking for a variety of statistics, even if they're estimates on the realities of live during the 17th and 18th century British Colonies in North America. Pre-Revolutionary British Colonies on the East Coast. For example, average lifespan, infant mortality, most frequent cause of death, most frequent disease, living conditions, etc. This is for a U.S. History high school class that I teach. Often, every year I portray it as brutal but I'd like to make a case that is more concrete and something that will shock your average teenager and make them take note or give them pause and cause them to see things with greater alarm than is so often the case. I'm aware of incidents of course, cannibalism in Jamestown, and general accounts of misery but I'd like to deliver a more comprehensive picture given what is currently understood to be the facts, broadly. Any ideas or resources you can pass along? Thanks.

It seems dangerous for the person who once had the most access to the most secrets to have a disease which destroys the brain. What had to be done to ensure he wouldn't share anything he wasn't supposed to with people who shouldn't know?

How did he feel about the end of the party? What kind of country did he want Russia to become?

Additionally, was every woman obligated to engage in temple prostitution? Was the role limited to women of a high social standing, or did peasants and slaves also participate? Who selected them? What was the average age of a sacred prostitute? Could they leave the position if they so desired?

How was the practice different in Mesopotamia? Sumer? Greece? Babylon?

Any knowledge you can share would be very helpful, thank you!

Did the Romanians ever declare war on the United States?

While the experiments were obviously extremely unethical (among many other things), did they have any profound effect on modern healthcare?

I was just reading the wiki article about Romulus and Remus and the founding of Rome, and the Romulus' life seems to be so absurd and fantastic and ambiguous.. Let's face it, religions have been started with a lot less. Why haven't people ever worshiped Romulus?