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And if so, how did they choose who was to die?

I've noticed that many female characters in throughout literature have been avid, sometimes trained painters. I have to assume that some of these characters were inspired by real life women, meaning that at least some of their paintings should exist. However, I have never seen/heard of such paintings, granted I have fairly limited art knowledge. I'm wondering whether these types of paintings (done by at least somewhat affluent women in various historical times/places) exist, and if so, any information about both the artists and paintings. Thank you!

What did the Aztecs or Incans among others have that the Apache, Navajo, Sioux, Cherokee, Haudenosaunee, Ojibwe, Haida Gwaii or even Inuit not have to faciliate Empires.

What were their initial goals? I see that they based their message on American and French ideas. What happened?

927 is the first unification of England, and I think 954 was the fourth and final unification, along with the handing over of lothian (a northern part of northumbria) to Scotland.

Why's 1066 particularly special, and those other dates not? Did any of the laws (or reforms or whatever) of king Edgar preserve into norman times?

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I just read an article about how there are only two words for tea all around the world ("tea" and "cha") and that this is because when Chinese traders brought tea to the world, of course they brought the name along with them.

That said, this must mean that absolutely nowhere had a word for tea prior to this. How can this be possible? There are so many types of tea grown all over the world. Even if China brought tea into the mainstream, surely there was something similar to tea being brewed somewhere? How were "tea" and "cha" such powerful words that they completely permeate the world's language in a way that no other words have?

Thanks for your time! I'm absolutely awful at history, it's always been my worst subject and since finishing school I'm surely worse. If I'm missing something that seems obvious to others I am truly sorry!

I hope this is the correct subreddit for this post. As the title states, my great uncle fought with the US Army during the Normandy Beach landings on D-Day. My family is traveling to Normandy next month and we would like to visit the beach that he fought at. We believe his rank was Captain and he was a medical officer with the US Army Medical Corps. He did survive the war but we weren’t able to find out if he fought at Omaha or Utah Beach. His name was William James. Thank you.

I understand that by this point American public opinion was turning very hostile against Germany, and despite the US not yet being in an official state of war there was nevertheless serious talk in political circles to reintroduce emergency measures such as the peacetime draft, increasing arms production, and sending lend-lease aid to the Allies. However, most of this was only implemented in late 1940 or early 1941. The US only formally joined the war at the very end of 1941. When Churchill made his speech, was he/Parliament genuinely convinced that the 'New World' would step forth to defeat the Axis Powers?

Were they horrified by the outbreak of another World War only 20 years after the first one and feel their sacrifices were pointless? Were they against or supportive of their country's entry into the war?

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I am currently in Siena Italy and at the villa I am staying at, I found a US Army button from WWII in the ground and I also found a bullet casing but it is not American. The bullet has P28 So Ex?39 engraved on it. The question mark is a letter or number that I cannot figure out what it says. Can anyone help me identify the era of the bullet casing as well as what country and weapon it came from???

I know that this sounds like a value judgement about the "importance" of languages, but hear me out. One of the most important recruiting grounds for the Eastern Roman Empire was the Latin-speaking lands of what is today Romania. What we typically see in the Roman Empire is that lands that experience thorough military recruitment also experience extensive Romanization, with the exceptions of Greek territories for special reasons, and the Middle East in which Roman rule wasn't quite as firm as it was in, say, Spain. Something we also notice about the languages not supplanted by Latin is that they're usually heavily attested, have strong literary traditions and are more or less historically "significant" languages. Historically "insignificant" languages, i.e. languages in Roman territory without strong literary traditions, were mostly fully supplanted by Latin, with the notable exceptions of Basque in Iberia and the various Celtic languages of Wales and Cornwall. However, we can attribute the survival of Basque to the relative isolation of the Basque country, and the far away, difficult to reach location of Wales and Cornwall. We can't make this assumption for Illyria. The Illyrians, unlike the Basques and Welsh, were within spitting distance of Italy and provided a massive manpower sink for both the Western and Eastern Roman Empires. Rome experienced a huge number of provincial, Illyrian-born emperors. Why is it then that Albania, a land close to Italy that was hugely important to the Romans and well integrated into the Roman Empire, managed to maintain a thriving non-Romance language while remaining very poorly attested until the Middle Ages with next to now literary tradition to speak of?

Like the title says. Was it considered a big problem?

The Nazis thought that people like Germans, French, Scandinavians, Brits, etc were part of the "superior" Aryan race. However, I think that some have said that Iranians, Afghans, North Indians, and Pakistanis were the Aryans. Some have said that it maybe both groups(Northern Europeans, Iran, and parts of South Asia). Which group are the "true" Aryans? In addition, if it was true that both Europeans and south Asians were Aryans, how did that happen?

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How likely would I die from training as a Jannisary? How many of us boys are trained together? Where do we live and what is our daily lives like? When I finally become a full fledged Jannisary, can I still visit my family?