It can be a broad question, but it could help to fill in my knowledge gap about this movements, which had been unknown to me.

How did people think about them? When would they appropriately come up?

I am writing a short paper for a US history class. The question is "If you were alive during the 1960, would you have supported the Hamburger theory of racial change? why or why not?" and It is supposed to be based on some of our readings, but as far as I know it is mentioned only once within the textbook chapter AND book excerpt. I am even having a difficult time finding ANY information about online. Was wondering if someone could point me in the direction of additional resources. Thanks.

Did Kings/Dukes/Counts have personal guards with them in their castles? I thought they had a group of 30-40 knights that were with them on trips and at their castle to protect them. Was just wondering if that was true or something similar.

After the first world war, Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire were torn to shreds, but Germany stayed in one piece. Why was that?

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While we're on the subject, were wild animals used in gladiator fights?

I'm not sure if this falls within the 20 year rule or not but thought I'd ask to be sure.

Today I think most people learn to read before they reach adulthood, or not at all. Was this also true then?

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I know that the Model 1921 was built for civilian more than military use and the M1928A1 was used in the war instead, but did the 1921 version ever see combat? I'm asking because one of the leaked images for Call of Duty: WW2 included a earlier Thompson.

I am curious if the Japanese ever had a person whose primary duty was essentially spying on their own people, akin to the the Soviet Union. I'd be curious how preoccupied political and military leadership were with maintaining some sort of status quo within the military. Literature I've read seems to indicate that the Japanese were particularly jingoistic during this time period and prided themselves highly in their loyalty and duty to their country.

As a larger, more general question, how did the Japanese maintain such a strict adherence to military traditions and their country? Or perhaps, were claims of how adherent they were to their Bushido culture into the 40's completely overblown?

Did many of them see firsthand the shootings and escape attempts made by East Germans? Was it difficult to live so close the wall?

I was looking at maps when I noticed that octopus seems to always be depicted as the enemy. During cold war posters I saw both sides representing the other as an octopus. I also saw this occur with Germany during the world wars. A final case I found was England as one during African colonization.