In the sense of a soldier wearing non-battle clothing which still marks them out as a soldier and has a rank on it which everyone else can see.

I imagine that a lot of levied armies had no clear uniform at all, and I understand that richer men could afford more/better armour in battle... but what about outside of it? How were officers identified then? If I, as a Roman citizen, met an officer outside of the army, would there be anything to mark him as such?

Thanks

As far as I understand, the emperor of the HRE was formed as a catholic german union. But how did this work out with protestantism? I mean i know that it was the reason for the 30 years war, but after the war, how did protestant states fit within the catholic HRE?

How many men, what roles, what weapons and equipment were they carrying etc.

I am primarily interested in the five countries mentioned above but you may tell about others as well if you know about them.

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It seems odd to me that the Phoenicians didn't try to colonize or settle in more areas that were in closer proximity to their homeland than their western Mediterranean colonies in North Africa, Iberia and the adjacent islands, especially so when you look at the way the ancient Greek diaspora was with some exceptions (Massilia in modern France, Zakynthos in modern Spain, and Tanais in modern Russia) comparatively more localized. What was the reason for the Phoenician colonies to all primarily be located so far away from their homeland?

Is this just a generalization? I understand that there was some Asian shock cavalry and some European horse archers, but it always seems that they weren't as common as their counterparts.

(also note that when I say "Asian" I don't only mean east Asian and central asian, but also middle eastern groups too)

So, I read some discussion on the sentiment "Petain did nothing wrong" - the main argument being: "Thanks to collaboration a lot more Jews survived then in Belgium and the Netherlands".

Which made me curious: Why did more of the Jews survive in France?

Ethinicity is always a complex matter, I humbly believe people consider ethnic groups as universal and atavistic monoliths but they are often a very fluid thing, both culturally and genetically,*^1 with al the due differences through history. What were the Latins even? Were Rome initially a multi-ethnic federations? When being Roman started to be a only political stuff and no more a ethnic one?

Thanks in advance for the reply and please forgive my English.

Notes: *^1 Italy apparently is the same on that matter since late neolithic except for minor contributions from conquerors, last decades of internal migrations are huge in terms of mixture, instead.

The WSJ has an interview with the new EPA director and they mention Anne Gorsuch as an example of a previous director who "views the agency in a hostile light."

I'm curious about what it was that she wanted to do. Did she want to abolish the EPA, render it toothless, reset it to a more limited form? She was ultimately cited for contempt of congress so it seems like she faced opposition from within the legislature, was that bipartisan or was it a Democratic Party move?

I find the ideas of Epicurus like a continuation of the virtue and happiness of Aristotle. Did they met? or did Epicurus read or heard about this ideas?

He died in the early 2000s, so I can't ask him questions. I know this:

• He was Dutch-Indonesian and would've been in Indonesia at the start of the war
• His name was Rudolph Philip Houthuysen
• My mother vaguely remembers hearing he was in the cavalry and being injured falling off something. Maybe a motorcycle, maybe a horse.

I know that's not a lot to go on, and finding him specifically might be a lot of effort or impossible, so I'd be interested in hearing the broad possibilities.

My chosen field of study would have to be Scandinavian. Particularly during the Viking age. My interest in it is their culture, fighting techniques, and their arms and armor(armour?).

Many cultures, for various reasons, didn't get fully on board with the idea of chairs in every home (en lieu of cushions/mats/rugs) until after prolonged contact with Europe, but among the peoples that did make chairs/stools/benches/etc in abundance, when did these first start to become commonplace? If I invited a Cro-Magnon man into my home and showed him a chair, would he understand its purpose?