Title says it all. Poland, Russia, Belarus, etc, are all quite devout. What makes East Germany and Czech Republic different?

Was Il-Sung's DPRK as totalitarian and impoverished as under his son's and grandson's rule?

I have read and studied the era, albeit as a novice, but there have been quite a few renditions of the Red Army raping and brutalising women and girls and those they had reason to believe had Nazi ties during and pre World War 2.

Was this prior to formalised denazification and how true are these claims in and of themselves?

It was mostly just a European war wasn't it? Unlike WWII with the enormous African and Asian operations and involvement, WWI was mostly fought in Europe by Europeans. So why not name it just the European War or something like it?

How did marriage become a contractually bonded obligation in society?

Was it decided by the government or did individuals have a say in what field they wanted to end up in? And did they fill the ranks of more specialized fields like doctors by those who did well in school or by volunteers?

I'm especially interested in East Africa specifically Ethiopia and Kenya but any recommendations are appreciated.

Was there a time when it wasn't widely accepted as PA? At Gettysburg today, I saw some old plaques that reference Pennsylvania as PV. If it was originally PV, when and why did it change?

Nationalism seems to have started in the in many different places with many different people during the 19th century. What happened during that century that caused so many people from vastly different places start becoming nationalistic?

Edit: Changed 18th to 19th century. Wasn't thinking straight when writing the question.

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Why didn't the Union completely remove and discredit the Confederate leadership as part of the reconciliation process, as the Allies did in postwar Germany?

If high ranking Nazi officials were tried and sentenced after WWII, why were high ranking confederate officials let off free?

The Allies made sure to let Germany know their wrongs by executing its leaders. Why didn't the Union let the South know their wrongs by executing its leaders?

Why are schools, buildings, roads, and holidays in the American South still named after confederate officials, while Nazi officials are rightly condemned in Germany?

Now that I approach graduation, I've been forced to finally narrow down what I want to do with my life, and graduate school is up there. I've always loved history, loved talking about it, researching it independently--but I didn't end up pursuing it for my Bachelor's. Now that it's time to enter the real world, I'd like to actually do something I have a passion for. My school allows non-History majors for the History M.A. but only after taking 12 credit hours of 3000 and 4000 history courses. I've got the money for that; I've got virtually no student loan debt from my undergrad, and can afford the Master's.

Do any of you have any advice? Did anyone pursue a Master's or Doctorate without an undergrad in History?

Because in pre-Columbian times, you could say that Native Americans made up 100% of the human population there. Now, it's closer to 1%. They've shrunk all the way down from 100% to 1%, and there must have been a point where they reached the 50% mark. When was that?

For the purposes of this question, let's consider all the land that is now the United States. So that counts all 50 states plus the territories. Of course, when the colonies on the East Coast were being established, the people in the Pacific Islands had no clue what was going on there. But I want to count them in the figure too. About what year was the Native population only half of the total human population? I'm sure this is very difficult to calculate, but someone must have attempted it.

I'm referring to the quote "Shoot, coward, you'll only kill a man" in the face of a CIA hitman.