How did jeans become the "default" casual pants? Was there ever a competitor?

So I'm sitting in a packed bar the night before Thanksgiving (as one does) and I noticed that literally every man and about 80% of the women are wearing jeans. I know leggings have kind of jumped on the scene the last few years but for as long as I can remember jeans have the been the regular casual clothing. When did that happen? Levi's have existed since the 1800s and in pictures as recently as the 40s or 50s people wore more formal clothing it seems, so it doesn't seem like a novelty thing. How did jeans take over a hundred years after thier invention?

1 Answers 2021-11-25

Historiography question/discussion

Hello all.

I am currently writing my thesis for my graduate degree in history from a private university here on the East Coast USA. My question has to deal with terms and their relationship to historiography.

My entire undergrad and graduate historical education I have came to understand that in terms of historiography, history goes through phases; you have and "original" interpretation, and "revisionist" interpretation and sometimes a "post revisionist" that attempts to connect the two. For example I think of the whig interpretation of the American Revolution as being very nationalistic and idealist vs Charles Beard more economic/progressive approach. I would call Charles Beard "revisionist." He is revising our understanding of the revolution from a different perspective than the "originalitst" whigs. He is putting the historical facts into a different narrative. Now obviously the longer time has passed, the more " revisions" a time period can have.

My question is am I on the right track? Obviously this is a quick summary, but am I using these terms correctly? My thesis advisor is a great civil war historian, but she gets really upset when I say the word "revisionist" and thinks I mean it in a political way to describe any historian with "anti American" views. I do not at all. I just mean it in a way to describe phases of historiography on a subject.

I would appreciate what this community has to say on the matter. Thanks!

2 Answers 2021-11-25

How were Edward the Martyr, and Edward the Confessor referred to, or styled, during their reign?

The obvious answer would be to refer to them as King Edward, and Edward II respectively. Their epithets were created after their deaths and they were canonized as saints.

But King Edward I is Edward Longshanks. And Edward II is his son. I realize that the former Edwards were Anglo-Saxon kings, while the latter pair were Normans, but the crown, sword, and staff of St. Edward(the Confessor) are used in Coronation ceremonies.

Technically, those are replicas, since the originals were destroyed during the English Civil War. But those replicas were created circa 1660, and named for Edward the Confessor. Until they were destroyed, even during the reign of Edward Longshanks, the original St Edward's Crown was kept as a holy relic at Westminster.

So why is the third King named Edward the First? And what did they call Edward the Confessor while he was alive?

1 Answers 2021-11-24

What caused America to become a two party system, while Britain has multiple parties in parliament?

They both have broadly similar values as a culture. Both have similar issues in their democracies (with some outliers). Both use primarily First past the post. Yet while Britain has several parties in parliament, america has 2. What caused this difference?

1 Answers 2021-11-24

How did the Euro currency come about?

Was there any precursors or any plans to introduce an EU currency before 1999?

1 Answers 2021-11-24

Dating Reign of Tiberius

Whilst Tiberius came to full power as Roman emperor on death of Augustus in 14CE, according to Seutonius (in his Lives of the Emperors) he was appointed co-regent with Augustus in 12CE. This was standard procedure to minimize succession violence. Thus, where Luke 3:1 asserts that Jesus was baptized by John the Baptist in the 15th year of Tiberius, is that 27CE or 29CE? According to ancient historical reckoning, did the reign of Tiberius commence on his appointment as co-regent or when he became sole regent? The answer is pertinent to deciphering the timeline in Daniel chapters 8 & 9.

1 Answers 2021-11-24

Did people genuinely believe in dragons at some point in history?

I've heard people (especially in China) believed dragons to be real creatures, but is it known if that was genuine worldview? Could it be compared to the belief of UFOs or bigfoot nowadays?

2 Answers 2021-11-24

Were weapons like swords allowed in Medieval Taverns and Inns? If not where would a knight or soldier leave his weapons if he was travelling? Was there a degree of arms control or code of ethics in Taverns?

Were weapons like swords allowed in Medieval Taverns and Inns? If not where would a knight or soldier leave his weapons if he was travelling? Was there a degree of arms control or code of ethics in Taverns?

Did knights just enter taverns with swords? How common were sword fights in taverns?

1 Answers 2021-11-24

Preserving Century Old Photos

I’m not sure if I’m in the right sub so please direct me to the correct place if I am not. While home for Thanksgiving, I’ve been going through a box of family history records that my grandmother put together before she died. She died in 1998 but no one ever went through the box (until now).

The box is full of photographs and newspaper clipping from the 1920s to 1980s, as well as letters and other artifacts. There’s a NY drivers license from 1918, a page of the New York Times from 1929, and a handwritten family history - and I’m not even halfway through the box! They are literally the oldest photos I’ve ever seen.

My question is: what do I do with all this stuff? I want to preserve it and compile it in a way that allows people to trace the history through the generations, but I don’t even know where to begin. Or maybe the best course of action is to just put it all back in the box for the next generation?

Any ideas would be greatly appreciated!

Edit: Finished going through the box and the oldest photos I found are dated c.1866! There are description on the back of the photos but they’re all written in German.

1 Answers 2021-11-24

How did European Countries just start liking each other?

Boxer Rebellion, World War 1, etc.

There have been plenty of times that European countries have teamed up, and it wasn’t uncommon that sooner then later they would just start going to war with each other all over again.

What was it about WW2 and the Cold War that European Countries just went “aight, you’re cool let’s become friends and economically team up” and never went back to internal mayhem?

1 Answers 2021-11-24

Was Oswald Mosley a serious threat to British democracy?

I’m watching peaky blinders season five and Oswald Mosley is made to be this big bad guy who the people love.

Is there any truth to this, or is it played up for dramatic story telling?

1 Answers 2021-11-24

At what point was World War II known as World War II?

I know WWI was called The Great War even while it was going on, and I think the term "World War" was used interchangeably. But at what point did WWII become known as WWII? It couldn't have been in September 1939, as not much happened during the first few months and it was actually called The Phoney War.

2 Answers 2021-11-24

Metal has been around before the discovery of electricity. When people were shocked from touching a metal surface, what did they think was happening? What is the earliest documentation we have if such an event?

1 Answers 2021-11-24

Searching for a book about the Iberian colonization of South America?

What I’m searching for: diaries written by colonists/ writings by historians or travelers in 1400-1800/ books that show the day to day life of colonists such as Pizarro

What I’m not searching for: fiction, studies, podcasts, or anything written after ~1950

Major thanks in advance for helping!!!

2 Answers 2021-11-24

Looking for info on the historical practice of noble Chinese girls growing up without leaving their bed (possibly specific to Jiangnan, likely uncommon by the Qing Dynasty), more details inside

Edit: here are pictures of the bed in the drama for anyone who's curious/region-blocked by YouTube.

Hi there,

I found a really interesting piece of dialogue in a Chinese drama I'm currently watching, and since all the search results were related to concubinage/the Imperial harem, I was hoping I could get some clarification here. I do of course know that dramas aren't always the most accurate about history, but in a drama meant to showcase traditional Chinese arts and history, I'd be pretty surprised if this detail was entirely made up and made it through censorship.

The drama takes place during the Qing Dynasty, but the practice seems to be antiquated or at least uncommon at this time. The family involved in this practice is led by a wealthy and powerful government official.

You can see the clip here with both Chinese and English subs (turn on CC). It's a very short conversation at the 38 minute mark, ends around 39:40 (major spoilers for the drama after 40:20) The most relevant parts of the conversation:

Matriarch: My daughter was born when my husband became an imperial scholar. She's been spoiled from a young age, but now she's of age for marriage. I don't want to exaggerate, but she's never left her bed.

Merchant: Women of Jiangnan are praised for not touching the ground, it's been a long time since I met a girl like that. I'm surprised she still follows the Admonitions.

[.....]

Child: I wish I could stay in this bed forever.

Matriarch: When you get married, the bed will go with you.

If anybody has any information or can identify a name for the practice from the Chinese dialogue, I would really appreciate it.

Also, while I'm here, I would love some good recommendations for further reading on women in Chinese history — I'm interested in both famous/powerful women, as well as information on what daily life was like.

Thanks so much for reading!

1 Answers 2021-11-24

Were the concentration camps used as propaganda by Nazis?

We all know how Nazis committed horrible deeds in the concentration camps. Given the terrible nature of these atrocities, were these types of things ever shown/ made known to general German people? Were non-Jews able to see those camps or were they completely sealed off from public eye? What was public perception towards these camps (did people have watered down perception of what actually happened there)? Also, were these concentration camps part of propaganda or were these the ultimate aim of Hitler?

1 Answers 2021-11-24

What's the origin of women's hair needing to be long?

As in long hair being essential to woman and a woman's pride. To an extent where in medieval times, part of a punishment was to cut a woman's hair short? (If I'm not remembering this incorrectly)

1 Answers 2021-11-24

[Question] Good Sources on Ainu in WW2?

Hello, fellow historians and/or history enjoyers!

I am in a bit of pickle, for the deadline on my paper for Uni draws close. But since I have some trouble finding good sources to work with, I wanted to ask you people for some help.
I wish to write about similarities and differences between the situation and treatment of Native Americans and Ainu Natives during World War 2.

Is there anyone who knows of good literature/essays etc. on Ainu and Japanese-Ainu relations during World War 2? Maybe even primary sources, interviews or recordings on Ainu veterans? I have a lot of stuff on Native Americans, but I seem to not be able to find anything on Ainu.

Many thanks in advance.

2 Answers 2021-11-24

Short Answers to Simple Questions | November 24, 2021

Previous weeks!

Please Be Aware: We expect everyone to read the rules and guidelines of this thread. Mods will remove questions which we deem to be too involved for the theme in place here. We will remove answers which don't include a source. These removals will be without notice. Please follow the rules.

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  • Answers MUST be properly sourced to respectable literature. Unlike regular questions in the sub where sources are only required upon request, the lack of a source will result in removal of the answer.
  • Academic secondary sources are prefered. Tertiary sources are acceptable if they are of academic rigor (such as a book from the 'Oxford Companion' series, or a reference work from an academic press).
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64 Answers 2021-11-24

The ninth amendment of the United States Constitution states that any rights not explicitly stated in the Constitution does not imply those rights do not exist for its citizens. I don't think I've ever heard this amendment cited in common discourse. Has it ever been historically significant?

1 Answers 2021-11-24

Winston Churchhill and Lady Astor's recorded verbal sparring is hilarious even today. Did they really dislike each other, or were they just joking around? What were they at odds about?

Nancy Astor: "Sir, if you were my husband, I'd poison your tea."

Winston Churchill: "Madame, if you were my wife, I'd drink it!"
------

Nancy Astor: "Winston, you are a drunk!"

Winston Churchill: "And you, madam, are ugly. But I shall be sober in the morning."

1 Answers 2021-11-24

What do we actually know about Joan of Arc?

I've been reading The Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc by Mark Twain, and was wondering how accurate it is. If even a fraction is true, she has to rank among the most interesting people who ever lived—a 16 year old peasant girl whose visions of the archangel Michael lead her to become the general of the Armies of France—a story of prophecies come true (of battles won and lost, people killed, wounds sustained), hidden kings uncovered, innate military genius...

The problem is that when I go looking for more information, it's corrupted by the hagiography of Joan. I mean, here's one guy claiming she's the incarnation of Athena and soulmate of the archangel Michael.

How much do we know with certainty? What parts are likely to have been romanticized after her life (or even during her life)? And maybe, on the meta level, how do historians even go about disentangling fact from fiction with such religiously complicated figures?

1 Answers 2021-11-24

What was the evolution of Austronesian ships? How did they evolve from the beginning of Austronesian expansion ca 3000 BC up to the contact with Europeans in 16th century?

1 Answers 2021-11-24

Why have the democrats and republicans been able to maintain power for so incredibly long?

Before the 1870s there were different parties that sprouted up and did well. The whigs, federalists, Democratic-Republicans, all rose and fell. But ever since the post civil war just these two parties have dominated everything.

How have they been able to keep going so long? Why has neither fallen apart or been beaten by a new party?

1 Answers 2021-11-24

How differently was the rise of Nazism and World War Two taught between East and West Germany?

1 Answers 2021-11-24

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