A lot of America’s issues, such as wage stagnation, Wall Street dominance, mass incarceration, and unaffordable housing are commonly said to have been put in motion by Ronald Reagan. What forces empowered him to set a trajectory no one can shake?

A quick search shows there are many reasonable explanations of wage stagnation (to take one issue) that Ronald Reagan just happened to preside over. But especially on left-leaning websites, the narrative is often that his specific actions somehow resonate more than any following president. Was there anything special about the Reagan presidency that gave it such a powerful legacy? Or is the “Reagan era” just shorthand for the end of the post-war boom and 70s idealism, and the tipping point towards inevitable infighting and decline?

1 Answers 2021-11-07

How was the living situation of the east /southeast asian people in Nazi Germany?

I know this is a dumb question, but were there oriental asians in Nazi Germany? If so, how were they treated?

1 Answers 2021-11-07

In Japan in 1936, the expansionist Kōdōha was purged by the supposedly moderate Tōseiha, yet it would be under Tōseiha leadership that Japan fought in WW2. How 'moderate' was the Tōseiha actually? Although it was dragged into the war in China by junior officers, why didn't it drag itself out?

2 Answers 2021-11-07

Anyone know where I can find an expert on the Teutonic Order?

I have a historical fiction book based on the Teutonic Knights and I want to be sure I have my facts right. Is there someone who knows everything there is to know about the Teutonic Order who can help? I just have a variety of questions. Mostly want to know about the government structure of the Order.

1 Answers 2021-11-07

Did feudalism actually exist?

1 Answers 2021-11-07

On Feudalism—what exactly was it? I see all kinds of controversy over the term being nebulous, only existing in West Francia, used too often as a generalizing term for Medieval socio-political land organization.

For context, I am an MA student studying Early Modern and Medieval Europe. I am familiar with textbook definitions and have seen a chunk of primary sources describing the feudal contract and such. One of the most famous would be the words of the Bishop (I believe) describing that the contract must be easy, practical, reciprocal, etc. (I hope you know what I’m referring to.) I’ve also seen diplomatic documents like John the Softsword of England giving England to the Papacy and taking it back as a fief. I’m mentioning this just to give any potential commenters the idea that I’m somewhat familiar with these concepts but still not really satisfied with my understanding of land management and politics.

I want to know not only what it was and how it functioned, but how land politics and ownership worked where feudalism wasn’t the predominant system. Where can I, a historian in training, learn the historiography of the term and develop an accurate view of “feudalism?”

1 Answers 2021-11-07

How complicit was the average Whermact soldier in Nazi war crimes?

1 Answers 2021-11-07

Question, did poor family back in the day use to kill their family member in order to survive ?

I heard many time that in old times in other culture families during time of poverty usually in the winter when food would become scares, they would pick one family member, sometime it would be random other time it would be the elderly, they would pick a family member to basically die so the other can have more food. is that true? if so what culture have done that ?

1 Answers 2021-11-07

Were flaming arrows used in naval warfare before gunpowder became a prominent weapon?

In some fantasy books, characters use flaming arrows dipped in oil or some other flammable substance and fire it at enemy ships. Would it be feasible to fire from one ship to another with flaming arrows and is there any historical evidence of the fact?

1 Answers 2021-11-07

How do we know "cave men" lived poor lives, almost entirely focused on subsistence and survival, if pre-Columbian hunter gatherers contacted with in the 16th century didn't?

I was reading the Wikipedia article on the Lion-man figurine and there is this quote: "... so why would a community living on the edge of subsistence, whose primary concerns were finding food, keeping that fire going, protecting children from predators, allow someone to spend so much time away from those tasks?" [carving ivory to craft the figurine, in this case]

However, the hunter-gatherers of the Americas lived lives full of complex rituals that took a lot of time (including wars driven by vendetta) and used to wear garments that were very rich from an artistic perspective, even when sophisticated materials weren't avaiable. Of course their life wasn't easy, but it's far from this empoverished image the quote is conjuring. Some would argue hunter-gathering Amerindians had a lot of time to dedicate to leisure and culture. Is there a reason why "cave men" of Europe and Asia wouldn't live like that?

Also, plenty them were semi-agriculturalists. Are we certain "cave men" weren't semi-agriculturalists? And why?

(I'm comparing the people who left archeological sites in Europe to Amerindians who did not live in agrarian, large scale societies, like the Incas, Mayas and Astecs)

3 Answers 2021-11-07

Why the United States did not translate the names of Hispanic cities and states into English

Why did they keep calling the city "Los Ángeles" instead of translating it to "The Angels" or something like that.

The same with Florida (Flowery), Nevada (Snowy) and San Francisco (Saint Francis) for example.

2 Answers 2021-11-06

Before AD what did people of the BC era call their years? How were years counted in the BC era?

I assume it was different around the world, but generally (if there can even be a general answer) how were years counted.

Follow up question, what prompted the change from whatever society used to begin using the BC / AD counting of years?

1 Answers 2021-11-06

What caused ‘casual clothing’ to rise and replace the more common ‘formal’ attire after WWII?

Looking at countries like America or Britain, from the 1700s until WWII, people seemed to wear much more formal or fancy clothes. But then after WWII, starting in the mid 1900s, this seemed to change until now, where sweatpants and hoodies are common. What caused this?

1 Answers 2021-11-06

"The empire, long divided, must unite [...]." Thus says the famous opening line of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms". But were there ever any aspirations/attempts by local rulers, such as the post-1916 warlords, to establish their own sovereign state, independent of China, with its own identity?

1 Answers 2021-11-06

Why no machine bows?

Machine bows should definitely be possible to build for a medieval engineer or also a Roman engineer. Not hand held, but stationary and more artillery-like. You could position it on top of a wall and attach a heavy weight. Letting that weight down powers the mechanism, just like pendulum clocks power the clock. The arrow - or even just a stone - falls down from the magazine into the "chamber" it is then propelled forward, the mechanism pulls the string back and the cycle repeats until the weight has reached the ground and a new one needs to be attached. That would have increased the efficiency quite a bit, I would say. Was there no use case for such a weapon in medieval warfare?

1 Answers 2021-11-06

Could any of you historians help me with this?

Hello, I would like to know if any of you could help me understand this family story better. My Grandma recently told our family her family’s history and brought up that her Grandfather (born 1899) had served in WWI. Here’s the part I request help with, she said he fought with the Russians against the Germans, [ A valuable thing to note real quick is that his mother, was of Russian descent] but he also lived in the Carpathian Mountains and was living in Austria-Hungary at the time ( later Czechoslovakia). Is this story legitimate, and if so, why would he? I’m not the most knowledgeable when it comes to WWI, so any help would be greatly appreciated!

1 Answers 2021-11-06

Can someone explain or shed some light on the myth or theory about the absence of colour blue in the odyssey and the ancient greek language?

1 Answers 2021-11-06

Meir kahane and 9/11

In 1990 rabbi meir kahane was murder by an islamist exstrimest when the police raid his house they found evidence for a large islamist exstrimest group in those documents you could figure out they planned the bombing of the twin towers, the policeman who handled the interaction was force to drop the case by an fbi agents who took the documents to themselves and told him he was crazy. documentary there is a documentary that describes all of it (start from 14:00) im not a conspiracy theorist just want to know how true it is and if it's true why did they do it?

Note: im not a conspiracy theorist and i apologize for bad grammar

1 Answers 2021-11-06

As a zealous new follower of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, what would my religious beliefs likely be?

I understand that a conflict as broad as the Taiping Rebellion involved people of many beliefs fighting for various reasons. However assume the perspective of the 'true believer' in the Taiping army. Do we have an idea of what they believed? What motivated them? What sort of understanding might they have of Christianity? What does their religious worldview look like, and how is it likely influencing their actions?

1 Answers 2021-11-06

WW2: Was the Russian retreat a planned manoeuvre, or was it just a retreat? Did they always intend to let the winter ravage the invading Germans, or did it just work out that way since the Russians managed to hold out?

1 Answers 2021-11-06

My 2 favorite historical books are the Histories of Herodotus and The natural history by Pliny the elder. Can you recommend similar ancient writings that I’d enjoy if I like these books?

The breadth of subject matter found in The natural history is especially fun and engaging. The topics include astronomy, mathematics, geography, ethnography, anthropology, human physiology, zoology, botany, agriculture, horticulture, pharmacology, mining, mineralogy, sculpture, art, and precious stones. What I like about the Histories of Herodotus is that it is really fun to read and his first hand accounts are so interesting and sometimes hilarious. There was a section where he mentions that Dark skinned Indians have BLACK semen! Haha I laughed so hard at that part. He writes in such a way that I could read his stories aloud at a campfire and entertain any listeners and avoid boredom (For the most part!) Pliny on the other hand makes me very sleepy sometimes lol, but I appreciate his thoroughness. The way he incorporates the stories of others, and at times even doubts what others say and let’s the reader know that this fact might not be true is very cool IMO. I bet that he was really connected with his community, and when a friend returned from travel, I imagine that he would interview them and write down their testimonies. I have found GEMS in both books. His description of the gods is awesome. One of my favorite sections is his explanation of lightning and rain. Oh and he mentions that Leaving the Dead unburied is displeasing to the Gods. That they send sickness and plagues upon those who do not bury the dead, animals and people alike. It’s like a like a Law of nature he says, and there’s something so wise and insightful about that way of interpretation IMO. Any suggestions?

1 Answers 2021-11-06

What did Genghis, Kublai and other Khans from that period think of Attila The Hun?

1 Answers 2021-11-06

How far back in time can a modern English speaking person go and still be able to communicate in English in England both in speech and writing ?

I was reading recently a piece in my mother tongue (that isn't english) about its evolution through time. How words from different languages (even from European ones) were taken and adapted into words in my native language. I have also read many old works (some dating to 15th century CE) in my mother tongue and find some similarities with the modern version of the language, and I am sure I can make myself understood to an extent, should I happen to go back to the 15th Century.

Hence, I was curious on how it would work for English. The only really old works of english I have seen and read are plays by Shakespeare. I know that the spellings of lots of English words were different back then. But the language written in plays would hardly have been the same as spoken by common people, right ?

So I wanted to know just how far back in time would one have to go to find huge differences with the english we now speak to the extent that communication becomes practically impossible.

Really sorry for my shoddy English. I am also not sure if this question is suitable for this sub. Would be very glad to get pointed to other subreddits where I might find answers.

Thank you.

1 Answers 2021-11-06

During school, I was taught that the U.S. saw World War Two as a total war effort, with citizens working together to support the war effort. Were there any instances of people refusing to abide by rations, not help out, etc., and if so, how were they viewed?

1 Answers 2021-11-06

Saturday Showcase | November 06, 2021

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Today:

AskHistorians is filled with questions seeking an answer. Saturday Spotlight is for answers seeking a question! It’s a place to post your original and in-depth investigation of a focused historical topic.

Posts here will be held to the same high standard as regular answers, and should mention sources or recommended reading. If you’d like to share shorter findings or discuss work in progress, Thursday Reading & Research or Friday Free-for-All are great places to do that.

So if you’re tired of waiting for someone to ask about how imperialism led to “Surfin’ Safari;” if you’ve given up hope of getting to share your complete history of the Bichon Frise in art and drama; this is your chance to shine!

3 Answers 2021-11-06

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