Why did the Middle East become the oil center of the world instead of Venezuela?

From my understanding, Venezuela's oil reserves are larger and were discovered first. So what lead to the Western nations to invest so heavily in Saudi Arabia instead of Venezuela? Especially for the United States, given their closer geographic proximity to Venezuela.

Edit: I'm writing a paper on Oil in Latin America. I'm not asking you to do my homework for me. In all my research, nothing seems to answer this question that seems like a fairly obvious one to ask.

1 Answers 2015-12-05

When the Declaration of Independence was written did everyone become a US Citizen?

Hello,

I'm a recent immigrant to the US, so never learned this stuff in school. I've a great understanding of the immigration process in the present day however very limited knowelege of what it was like back in the days of the founding fathers.

My main question would be, when the US Declaration of Independence was written and the US was no longer a British Colony, did everyone become a citizen? Did people have to apply? Did the founding fathers automatically become citizens? Or did this not become an issue until the Constitution was written?

When immigrants came to Elis Island, they were checked for diseases and send on their merry way, were they given papers, did they automatically become US citizens? What about the people who had already immigrated to the United states - did they become citizens automatically or did they have to naturalise?

I apologies if this is a bit of a silly question, but I've tried googling and don't come up with much, just various acts that were created after the constitution that allowed white immgrants of good moral character to naturalise 2-5 years after continual residency.

Many Thanks!

1 Answers 2015-12-05

Why was late 18th century and 19th century Paris such a hotbed of revolution?

1 Answers 2015-12-05

How did drugs like Cocaine and Heroin become so popular with musicians?

2 Answers 2015-12-05

Did the Germans in WW2 really not expect the harsh winters of Russia?

I've heard a lot of people say this but I find it quite difficult to believe. The Nazis had some brilliant minds in planning, surely they had created systems to help survive the winter.

I don't know nearly enough about WW2 to make any sort of argument but surely they took a note from Napoleon

3 Answers 2015-12-05

Was there organized resistance in mainland Japan after WWII like we saw after the fall of Saddam in Iraq?

I've always heard the story told that Japan gave up after the atomic attacks. But I've also heard stories about loyal soldiers living in caves afraid to surrender to allied troops.

I find it difficult to believe that the entire nation simply gave up the war effort, but I suppose it is possible in the face of atomic terror. What kind of resistance, if any, did the occupational forces in Japan face after world war two?

2 Answers 2015-12-05

I have a vague understanding of the requirements of Imperial Chinese civil service exams, but I've never seen an actual answer translated into English. Could anyone point me to a translated exam answer and provide some context to explain why this answer was good or bad?

1 Answers 2015-12-05

In June 1944, North Africa had been won, the U.S. was in Italy, and Russia was deep into Poland. Why was D-Day so important?

I have always heard that D-Day opened a second front, but wasn't there 3 Fronts the Germans were defending. East, South, and Africa?

2 Answers 2015-12-05

What Christmas music would I be listening to in the English speaking world 100 years ago?

1915 in England and America.

2 Answers 2015-12-05

Why did't europeans and native American's developed at the same speed ?

Was it be cause of the limit of ressources of native American's ? And why was there such a Big difference in between both society's ?

2 Answers 2015-12-05

Historians of Reddit: What are some must-reads for any given history topic?

Preferrably peer-reviewed material, but I am occasionally open to informal readings as well.

Edit: Also, interested in any must-read historians/authors as well.

1 Answers 2015-12-05

What caused the fall of liberalism in the 1970s?

The 60s was pretty dominated by liberal views and progress. But it stopped pretty abruptly. The conservatives took control for several terms after. What was the reaon? Was it Democrats' mistakes? Republicans' victories? A combination of the two? Something else?

1 Answers 2015-12-05

How common was it for people to say they were the Messiah?

2 Answers 2015-12-05

What were early human's reactions to and explanations for solar eclipses?

[deleted]

1 Answers 2015-12-05

who were the Bourbons? and how did they gain so much power?

specifically asking in relation to Italy, as I'm studying literature of the Italian Risorgimento/unification, and in the novel I'm reading (Il Gattopardo) Garibaldi (I assume on the part of the House of Savoy, about whom I'm equally clueless) is overthrowing the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (bourbon rule).

many thanks!

1 Answers 2015-12-05

Was there ever any serious discussion of Allied armies being sent to aid the Soviet Union during World War II?

Obviously there was the Lend-Lease program, and I'm aware of a few instances where Western bombers would land in the USSR after particularly long missions, then refuel and fly back later. I'm curious if any consideration was ever given to the idea of creating an expeditionary force, particularly when the Soviet situation looked grim in '41, '42, and early '43. If there were such discussions, what prevented them from turning into action? Distance, logistical difficulty, political differences?

I'm primarily curious because it seems like an idea that would have popped up given the importance of the USSR to the Allied cause. If a similarly important ally were going through what the Soviets were at Moscow, Leningrad, and Stalingrad, today American/NATO boots would almost certainly be on the ground ASAP.

1 Answers 2015-12-05

Was it only Athens who commemorated the Persian Wars?

Reading about the Persian Wars there is much about how Athens commemorated their victories and the acts of the dead such as the Stoa Poikile or Serpent Column; did any other states also commemorate their victories against the Persians?

1 Answers 2015-12-05

Who started mounting guns on Toyota pickups? Do we have any data on how effective these improvised designs are?

I do realize that I might be on the verge of breaking the 20 year rule, but I was watching something about Daesh and noticed them using these pickups a lot. So I wondered where and how they originated and if there is any knowledge about how great or not they were in conflicts 20 years back and more.

Cheers!

1 Answers 2015-12-05

How historically accurate was Dr Strangelove, the Stanley Kubrick nuclear war movie?

I have read these post: https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1tpck0/how_accurately_did_dr_strangelove_portray/ and https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2hf2q4/what_was_the_public_perception_of_cold_war_films/ but i can find exactly what I am looking for . Naturally, I understand this is a work of fiction designed to be satire and humorous but I would like to know whether "Wing Attack Plan R" or any plan in which nuclear weapons could be used without the president's permission was ever a reality. I would also like to know whether the soviet "Doom's day device" was ever a reality or even considered as an option at some stage. Also any general commentary on how accurate it was(in so far as a work of fiction/non-documentary) and the kind of bias the movie presents(the portrayal of the Soviet Ambassador kind of shocked me) would be greatly appreciated. I just watched the movie and I was wondering how it "stands up" historically. I hope i haven't broken any rules or made any aspects of the questions unclear, and thanks to any future replies. Citations and other articles to read would really be appreciated.

1 Answers 2015-12-05

Have humans ever purposely exterminated a plant species?

1 Answers 2015-12-05

Are there any good examples of pirates participating in or generally supporting slave rebellions?

I was reading a review of Gabriel Kuhn's book Life Under the Jolly Roger: Reflections on Golden Age Piracy, and among other things, the writer of the review had the following to say:

I appreciate his honesty in exposing the racism of the pirates and their participation in the slave trade; however in his presentation he heavily privileges this information at the expense of information on the connection between piracy and slave rebellions, which was in fact so strong a connection that it motivated the legislation of race and segregation in the new colonies. Kuhn mentions this latter information, but in passing, making it seem that he is more interested in busting the myth of racially liberated and liberating pirates than in exploring the complexity that this contradiction between pirate slavetrading and pirate support for slave rebellions suggests.

I'm pretty interested in this connection with slave rebellions, if it exists, and what (if any) motivating factors can be discerned. I can speculate (an opportunity to rob the masters and gain some new pirates, a common enemy in the slave masters who may also be the wealthy people sending ships after the pirates, or genuine belief in the abolition of slavery among specific pirates or pirate crews, not that any of these are mutually exclusive), but would rather actually read about it if anything is available.

I'm okay with resources in English or Spanish, but English is preferred.

2 Answers 2015-12-05

How mentally competent was Leonid Brezhnev during his final years in office?

Legend has it that in his final years, the Soviet leader was prone to doing things like repeating pages of his televised speeches. Is there any truth to this?

1 Answers 2015-12-05

In the film Persepolis, an Iranian family discovers that after the Iranian Revolution of 1979, that a hospital administrator was replaced with man who received the position based on his degree of religious fervor, rather than professional experience. Did such replacements actually happen?

1 Answers 2015-12-05

Were the cavalry Charge so incredibly OP Like In Movies and Total war Franchise ?

I always wondered that were the cavalry charges so OP like in the movies and my favorite game franchise total war.I tried to search it on google but i didn't understand any of it so please can any body answer this question? (by the way sorry for my bad english if i wrote it wrong)

1 Answers 2015-12-05

Saturday Reading and Research | December 05, 2015

Previous

Today:

Saturday Reading and Research will focus on exactly that: the history you have been reading this week and the research you've been working on. It's also the prime thread for requesting books on a particular subject. As with all our weekly features, this thread will be lightly moderated.

So, encountered a recent biography of Stalin that revealed all about his addiction to ragtime piano? Delved into a horrendous piece of presentist and sexist psycho-evolutionary mumbo-jumbo and want to tell us about how bad it was? Need help finding the right book to give the historian in your family? Then this is the thread for you!

9 Answers 2015-12-05

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