Why is there such a controversy about what the American Civil War was about?

1 Answers 2015-11-27

In a recent WWII Navy vet AMA, the subject mentioned surviving a Japanese gas attack while on his ship. I've never heard of the Japanese using gas in WWII before this. Are there any more sources on this?

Comment linked here

I've searched online, but the results are flooded by pages about the Allies' plans to use gas, not Japanese use of actual gas.

EDIT: I'm talking about use against Allied troops in a combat zone, not necessarily during the occupation of China.

EDIT2: His comment is pasted below:

Only to the extent that we had to wear gas masks and the masks were so tight to your face, your skin shriveled. You had a tendency to put a finger under the mask to get some fresh air and in doing so you permitted the gas to get in the mask. I did this and my eyes were burning and watery. It also caused me to vomit. The gas attack lasted for a day and a half. The Japanese dropped it from planes.

The only two people on ship that escaped the gases were the commanding officer and the lieutenant commander. They escaped it by going into the refrigerating room. It was the only area aboard ship that wasn't affected by the gas.

EDIT3: Thanks /u/freddiedie

The OP of the AMA just included the following edit in the linked comment: "(Grandson: The gas was from the United States using it as a screen to hide the ships. Apologies for not correcting this earlier.)" As well as including the following correction: "The gas attack lasted for a day and a half. The Japanese dropped it from planes The United States dropped it as a screen for the ships."

3 Answers 2015-11-27

What replaced Slavery?

It seems that Slavery was very important to the U.S economy at the time. It's almost comparable to fossil fuels today. Whole industries depended on it to provide basic things like cotton and sugar that everyone used.

How did they make the transition from a slave market economy into a new economy? Were the abolitionists the biggest reason slavery was brought to an end or was it more of an economic reason due to a change in the mode of production?

2 Answers 2015-11-27

Give me some strong arguments to why Slave Labor is bad/shouldn't exist?

[deleted]

1 Answers 2015-11-27

Where did the concept of "the chosen one" appear in literature, and why is it so popular to this day?

Yes I was watching the Matrix, why do you ask?

1 Answers 2015-11-27

What happened to the citizens of Constantinople after the Turkish conquest? Did they mix with Turks and become the ancestors of the modern residents of Istanbul?

I was wondering if the Turkish people descended from the original population or if their ancestors displaced them. Were the original inhabitants mostly Turks ruled by someone else?

3 Answers 2015-11-27

Was the British Empire a real de jure empire?

Queens and Kings of Great Britain have never been called Empresses/Emperors. Was it related to the fact that Great Britain (and its dominions) was a de jure kindgom, instead of an empire, as claimed by the designation "British Empire"?

2 Answers 2015-11-27

From where did Roman legionnaires get their equipment?

God damnit: *Legionnaries

I can find plenty of info about the equipment that Roman legionnaries used throughout the republic and empire but what I've always wondered is how much like a modern military in terms of supply, was the Roman military?

One of the many aspects I and doubtless others find fascinating about the Roman military is its incredible feeling of similarity to our own, modern, institutions. And its dissimilarity to the forces that came after in Europe, maybe all the way until the 18th or 19th century!

Since you needn't have necessarily been of high class to join the Roman army, I assume all equipment was provided? I just wonder whether there were, as I imagine, factories churning our gladii, shields, helmets, mail/lorica for the Roman army that would be warehoused and when a soldier reported for duty, he'd be given standard kit and weapons?

I don't doubt that richer soldiers/noblepeople could purchase better equipment privately but I'd just be interested to hear from anyone who knew how a citizen, reporting for duty on day 1, would be supplied, with what, and how supply was managed, at any particular point during the Roman Empire.

(As an aside, was legionary training ever documented in detail? Detail to the point of what methods/how much physical exercise, how much weapon training, how much tactical training etc. Would this most likely be at the discretion of the general or was there an "official" way to train soldiers?)

Thanks.

1 Answers 2015-11-27

A question on Gallowglasses! The Viking-Gaelic warriors of Scotland-Ireland!

  1. When do we first see gallowglasses arise in Scotland, and when did they first come over to Ireland?

  2. Were they viewed as Celtic by the Scots and Irish, or were they really regarded as the descendants of the Vikings (who intermarried with the Manx tribes)?

  3. How would a man become a gallowglass, what would his induction and training look like?

  4. How great were they in battle, or would you say they were comparable to a knight in terms of martial prowess? Also, how did they differ from knights in terms of armor, employment, tactics, etc? Lastly, how were Gallowglasses viewed by the English?

  5. What did their typical armament look like, and how did it evolve as time went on?

  6. Who were some famous gallowglasses, and which clans are considered to have been the most powerful?

  7. Were native Irish men inducted into the gallowglasses after time, or is that false (all gallowglasses were Norse-Gaelic from W. Scotland)? If not, what was the relationship between the Irish military and the gallowglasses?

  8. What are some good books on the gallowglasses and their history?

  9. What happened to the clan families after they lost power? Did they marry into the Irish population?

thanks!

1 Answers 2015-11-27

How did nuclear fission research develop into the Manhattan project?

1 Answers 2015-11-27

How powerful was Poland before World War 2 began?

I know they were able to defeat the Soviets in a short war after World War 1, but if the Soviets and Germans didn't invade in a two front war, would they have been able to stand a chance against one of them, or were they simply too weak and were doomed to fall under occupation?

1 Answers 2015-11-27

Did the WRE decision to adopt a defence in depth have any vocal opposition?

From the elites or from the army?

1 Answers 2015-11-27

Why did rugby league never become popular outside of England, Australia and New Zealand while rugby union did?

1 Answers 2015-11-27

Eastern Orthodox Emigrees in Catholic Europe

What sort of treatment would an Eastern Orthodox emigree expect in Catholic-dominated sections of Europe in the 15th and 16th centuries? Was there ever a substantial population and was conversion to Catholicism the norm... and was there significant pressure to convert?

2 Answers 2015-11-27

Friday Free-for-All | November 27, 2015

Previously

Today:

You know the drill: this is the thread for all your history-related outpourings that are not necessarily questions. Minor questions that you feel don't need or merit their own threads are welcome too. Discovered a great new book, documentary, article or blog? Has your Ph.D. application been successful? Have you made an archaeological discovery in your back yard? Did you find an anecdote about the Doge of Venice telling a joke to Michel Foucault? Tell us all about it.

As usual, moderation in this thread will be relatively non-existent -- jokes, anecdotes and light-hearted banter are welcome.

13 Answers 2015-11-27

Why did Japan not assist in Germany's invasion of the USSR in WW2?

Given that Russia/USSR didn't have the best of relationships, like the war of 1905 and the ideal opportunity for Japan to snap up Russian territories in the east while Germany was tying up the majority of the red army in the west, why was Japan not more pro-active on that front?

1 Answers 2015-11-27

Was there a blackmarket for US made movies in the Soviet union during the Cold war? What were the most popular movies?

5 Answers 2015-11-27

Were popular Italian Renaissance writings (like The Divine Comedy), and the authors choosing to write in the Tuscan dialect, responsible for that dialect eventually supplanting Latin as the language of choice in the Italian peninsula (outside of the Papacy's continued use of Latin)?

1 Answers 2015-11-27

Who won the battle of the Catalaunian Fields?

Wikipedia seems conflicted on what happened and who actually won, so I'd love to hear what a bunch of educated and trustworthy individuals have to say about what happened immediately after the Hunnic siege of Orleans

1 Answers 2015-11-27

Why is not trimming pubic hair, associated with the 70s?

I assume that for most of history, pubic hair was not trimmed or shaved in any way yet I often hear it being associated with the 1970s. Is there a reason for this?

1 Answers 2015-11-27

Would there be slaves at the Roman frontier? Especially at the Cohort Fort Saalburg on the Limes Germanicus.

tl;dr: How many slaves would have been at Saalburg? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saalburg

Two years ago I visited the reconstructed Fort Saalburg on the german Limes. During the tour I asked the tourg guide where the slaves lived. She said there were no slaves. Which I thought was strange, since there was a bathing house and other infrastructure that, in my mind, require a lot of labor. Since I still remember all the lies tour guides told me as a kid about knights and amor, I'm skeptic of the "no slaves here" line...

Even if you don't know anything about Saalburg, I am still interested in how salves, the roman legions and frontiers relate to each other.

2 Answers 2015-11-27

When America was a truly racist society, i.e. Jim Crow, if an average person were to be called a racist, would they just shrug and agree?

Back during the days of Jim Crow, a lot of people were racist. During this time if the average person were to be called a racist would that person respond similarly to "Of course I am. Black people are inferior."

1 Answers 2015-11-27

Which books should one read in order to learn (a lot) more about mythological and otherwise legendary beings/creatures, and mythology/legends in general?

2 Answers 2015-11-27

Was the Emperor Elagabalus what we would now describe as transgender?

1 Answers 2015-11-27

How was Star Wars and the prequel movies viewed in the Soviet Union? What would have been the average Soviet citizens reaction?

Sorry I meant Sequels, Episode 4,5 and 6 with Luke skywalker and Darth Vader.

1 Answers 2015-11-27

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