he brandished them as anti clerical, i just wonder why?

I find it interesting that the King of Sweden (along with Japan's Emperor) is the only monarch without even theoretical power.

I've often heard and read about the idea of a collective national philosophy, but personally thought that any group as large as a nation would be far too diverse to generally agree about anything.

It seems to me that any ideological trends one might attribute to a nation would really mostly be present within the more influential members of the society in question.

More accurately, I find Gilbert Murray's idea of a self-evident core philosophy, refined by specific interests, much more appealing than, say, the notion of all Americans striving for universal liberty - to whichever extend they would even be able to agree on a definition of the term.

Berlin was still surrounded by Russian controlled East Germany. Could people get to the other side of Berlin by going out into East Germany and then doing a roundabout?

Did the wall run all the way around West Berlin?

How did that work? Was there just airports coming into West Berlin and that was the only way in? Wasn't that dangerous, if that were the case, bc it could be blockaded at any time by some air power?

I was looking into the history of the pyramid and noticed that there are shafts in the King's and Queen's chambers. Archeologists haven't been able to learn the purpose of these shafts and all they found at the end was slabs with copper handles behind which there was a ball of black diroite stone.

What is the most likely explanation for this?

It's a broad question, but to narrow it down to what got me thinking about it was when I was reading about the Partitions of Poland and how the peasants of the Commonwealth must've felt by being tossed around like OP's mom. Wait...

I'm curious about the religions, languages, government systems, and general cultural and economic situation at that place and time.

Why did the Muslims invade that region with so little resistance?

Was the Islamic religion well accepted?

The question would also extend to Britain if it were ever conquered. These countries were considered Aryan (as far as I'm aware) so the Nazis would have certainly had different plans for Western (maybe southern?) European nations, what were they?

Was it formal annexation into Germany, like Austria or the Sudetenland? When was the occupation supposed to end?

I know that China had always had a large part in exporting products to other countries but it's my understanding that from the 19th century it went into a steep economic decline. When and how did the turnaround begin that made China into the powerhouse exporter it is today?

Were there any alternatives to IVs?

I'm doing a work about the Middle ages and the concept of Medieval fantasy (in videogames) and using some exemples like Legend of Zelda Ocarina of time. but the question is: can someone recommend me books or texts that address the subject of the back of the appreciation of the medieval period ? as most know , the middle age was characterized as the Dark Ages , one backwardness in science and etc. but some time later it seems to have returned to the surface and fall into the popular taste, in movies, games, and others . this return is due to the Annales ? when it reappeared ? what books discuss this topic?

I read a bit of a book in Uni but cant remember what it was now. IT was about whether Hitler was in charge of Germany during the War or if the Nazi Party Machinery had taken over and had a momentum of its own. Im tearing through Evan's trilogy at the moment and it seemed like it would answer some questions and refresh me on some stuff I learned at Uni.

Mayflower passengers John Howland and his wife Elizabeth Tilley...he was born in Fenstanton in 1592 and she was born in Henlow in 1607. His parents Henry and Margaret lived and died in Fenstanton in 1635 and 1629.

John and his brothers all emigrated from England to New England before either of their parents died. I wonder how difficult that might have been for Henry and Margaret.

I am very curious to know what life was like in places like Fenstanton and Henlow during this time frame. Namely, what was their Spring, Summer, Fall, and Winters like for people living there? And what knowledge would people living in these places have? Were they literate? Would they be reading Spenser? Or know of Shakespeare?

But also, would they know about the great defeat of the Spanish Armada? How were they affected by the Nine Years' War? Would they, in these small villages, be privy to the death of Queen Elizabeth I, or to the Bye Plot or Main Plot or Gunpowder Plot? What would their views be on the accession of King James?

I was always under the impression that african americans with slaves were few and far between. However, in my American history course this fall the professor asserted that black slave owners were almost as prevalent as white slave owners. How accurate is this?

Nowdays banks sell bonds to the populace. Was there already government bonds back then?