Friday Free-for-All | July 25, 2014

Previously

Today:

You know the drill: this is the thread for all your history-related outpourings that are not necessarily questions. Minor questions that you feel don't need or merit their own threads are welcome too. Discovered a great new book, documentary, article or blog? Has your Ph.D. application been successful? Have you made an archaeological discovery in your back yard? Did you find an anecdote about the Doge of Venice telling a joke to Michel Foucault? Tell us all about it.

As usual, moderation in this thread will be relatively non-existent -- jokes, anecdotes and light-hearted banter are welcome.

10 Answers 2014-07-25

What made World War I so horrible?

Forgive me for such a basic question, but aspects of trench warfare made to the war so horrible for people involved? My great grandfather said the happiest day of his life was when he got shot in the leg and was allowed to leave the trenches. I Know the conditions were bad and sickness was rampant, but still- What Made it so bad that a man would rather take a bullet than stay?

2 Answers 2014-07-25

How did the fight for Irish independence cause such stark sectarian divisions?

Many famous supporters of Irish republicanism have been Protestant: Wolfe Tone, Henry Grattan, Robert Emmet, and Charles Parnell, to name a few. How did this struggle become (by the time of The Troubles) an almost purely sectarian, Catholic vs. Protestant fight?

1 Answers 2014-07-25

Following the armstice between Finland and The Soviet Union in 1944, what happened to the German troops stationed there?

1 Answers 2014-07-25

Did the Portuguese develop or use any distinct hand to hand weaponry in the medieval period?

1 Answers 2014-07-25

Shaving in first century

This might be a dumb question but lately I have been bombarded by missionaries with all sorts of fliers and pictures of Jesus with a perfectly trimmed beard and moustache and I was wondering - what was shaving actually like at the start of the first century? Were there proper razor blades? Was it fashionable to shave facial hair in a certain way?

1 Answers 2014-07-25

What was life like in South Africa, for post-Apartheid white people?

1 Answers 2014-07-25

How did saloons in the 19th-century American West operate?

Was the liquor they sold more like bourbon (made from corn) or other types of whiskey (made from grains)?

What proof was the liquor, usually? Did saloons sell different proofs?

Was the liquor distilled by the saloon keeper, or by a local distillery? How often was it bought from companies outside the area?

Did any saloons sell beer? If they did, was it brewed locally or by the saloon keeper? Or was it bought from breweries outside the area?

Did they offer anything like the free lunch that saloons back East offered?

Did the local government set any kind of regulations on the saloons, such as not having children or women on the premise, or was that left up to the discretion of the saloon keeper and local custom?

If any tavern patrons got drunk but not rowdy or belligerent, did the saloon keepers ever let them sleep it off in the back?

2 Answers 2014-07-25

What did Operation Dragoon achieve near the end of WW2

From reading it on Wikipedia it seems very insignificant compared to Overlord and from what I can tell it captured a small area of land and some German and Italian troops. Did this impact the war in any way?

1 Answers 2014-07-25

To what extent can violence in the modern world (ISIS, Ukraine, Syria, South Sudan, Gaza, Latin America, et al) be blamed on colonialism?

1 Answers 2014-07-25

In the mini-series Band of Brothers, on several occasions soldiers (offscreen) "busted out" of the hospital to get back to their unit. Was this common? And would there be any penalty involved?

In episode 8, Pvt. Webster is looked a bit down on because he didn't bust out of the hospital while others did, leading the viewer to believe this was pretty common among the men of Easy Company. How common was this?

Also, when the hospital noticed a patient missing, would this lead to some kind of warrant? If their leaders found out they didn't escape to desert, but reported back to their unit to get back into action, would they generally leave it at that without taking further action?

1 Answers 2014-07-25

How long would a Low Mass last? (England, 15th century)

half an hour? an hour?

Thank you

1 Answers 2014-07-25

What's the origin of Middle Eastern (Mizrahi) jews? Are they genetically related to Ashkenazi jews? What explains the disparity of physical characteristics between the two groups?

1 Answers 2014-07-25

Why are there no ancient ruins in North America?

Ancient ruins can be found in pretty much every other part of the globe that is sufficiently populated today. Another exception maybe Australia.

3 Answers 2014-07-25

What was it like to "eat out" during Roman times? Was there a wide variety of different restaurants and foods to choose from? How often could the average working person afford to eat out?

3 Answers 2014-07-25

When discussing Lincoln's presidency the focus is mainly on his domestic efforts revolving around restoration of the union. That being said, were there any major foreign incidents or situations that Lincoln and the U.S. was a part of? Or did he mostly stay out of foreign affairs?

5 Answers 2014-07-25

Are there any records of humans using animal anatomical structures as weapons or armor?

I'm not referring to chemical substances as poisons and whatnot, neither to heavily treated stuff like leather.

This question popped up in my mind when I was watching some footage with some sea turtles, and I thought to myself that their shells were remarkably similar to heater shields. I never touched the shell of a turtle nor do I know how hard and heavy they would be, but now I'm really curious about them being actually used or not as shields by humans.

I looked for information on the subject, but I didn't found anything worth of note, so I thought I might ask here if anyone knows anything about this. And also if there are any other examples besides the one I'm asking about.

Thanks in advance for you time.

1 Answers 2014-07-25

How were militaries organized in WWII?

Now I understand OoBs, infact, that's what I was looking at when this question came to me. I'll use an example of why I'm confused.

Here seems to be one of the main Army Groups of the Soviet Union, as you can see there are four Armies on the side that you can click on to see the Corps and Divisions within them (as well as air units and uhh, I think Anti-Air?). But what were the Corps and Divisions attached straight to the Army Group doing? Was that so the general could have full control over them? To act as reserves? I assume the 'Fortified Region' ones are garrison?

If so (as in these units would have been directly under the main general, or if they were reserves), how would this work in battle, with some units attached to different branches (especially in largescale battles like Stalingrad or Kursk)? Would these units not go to battle unless the main general was commanding? Would they go to the battle but operate independently (how did that work with the artillery?), etc.

What was the reasoning for this? Asking here cause there is no /r/militaryscience or something, but there are a lot of military science people here.

As a side note, how accurate is this website and any recommendations for books on this kind of thing (as in for order of battles, for both operations as well as battles)? As I found some of these to be especially fascinating, particularly the Japanese and British ones. The Netherlands one, which was done by someone else was also really detailed.

1 Answers 2014-07-25

Most countries deem Israeli settlements illegal under Art. 4 of the Geneva Conventions, saying (I think) a nation can't move its people into land acquired through war. But isn't that the whole point of acquiring land? Are countries now required to return land gained in wars, even defensive ones?

1 Answers 2014-07-25

What happened to North Korea after Kim Il-Sung's death?

I can't find information on what Kim Jong-Il did to North Korea. Thanks.

1 Answers 2014-07-25

Were the taxes American colonists faced very steep?

How harsh were the taxes American colonists faced? Was it harsh enough to make living very difficult for the Americans or was it more about the principle of the matter?

1 Answers 2014-07-25

How did other countries view Europe of the Dark Ages?

Say, the Ottomans, the Seljuks, the Ayyubids and other civilisations further east, were they aware of the lack of sanitation, witch hunts and all around sickness? If so, what did they think of the West, was it at all comparable to how the West thought of the East during the colonialist period?

2 Answers 2014-07-25

Would someone in the 12th century understand that the brain controlled thought?

I am listening to an historical fiction audiobook and a character said the phrase "use your brains" to insist that his men acted smartly. Would someone from the 1000-1200 time period know that the organ within the head was used to act intelligently?

1 Answers 2014-07-25

If I am a young widow (probably in my twenties or thirties) in Chinese Song Dynasty with no child and no family, how would I live?

Is there any work for women like me to do? Or, will there be someone to provide for me? If I want to marry again how would I do that?

2 Answers 2014-07-25

Why are there no Native American restaurants or distinct Native American foods?

12 Answers 2014-07-25

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