The 1980s have this really weird trend in entertainment of like, muscular Herculean male action heroes. American action movies had like Rambo and the terminator. Cartoons had thunder cats. Even anime had like Kenshiro the Nordstar (might be spelling it wrong).

What led to this insanely muscular Herculean protagonist in 80s entertainment?

After Mitsuhide defeated Nobunaga, he chased and killed his son, Nobutada, who would of had claim to the leadership. Why did he not chase after Nobunaga's other sons? Would they not of had claim to the leadership, or was it due to time constraints and maybe not enough military power?

I tried looking everywhere for an answer to this question but so far haven't found any resources.

In 1960 when Cyprus became independent it became a presidential republic as opposed to a parliamentary republic. Was there a specific reason for choosing this system? As a generalisation, many former British colonies such as Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Malta and others have a parliamentary system, so why not Cyprus?

May I also know if there are any circumstances like Columbus that shows how did one persuade a person or court to agree with them? Who is the court translator?

Hello historians! I'm playing Crusader Kings 3 and have managed to conquer Cornwall and Wales. I was about to make a Kingdom, but I realized I didn't know what to call it. Has there ever been a time that Wales and Cornwall were both under the same rule and mostly exclusive to those two areas? I'd like to give it an appropriate name, but I don't know much about that area. If there was no such arrangement, what's a term or name that fits those two areas almost exclusively that I could morph into a kingdom title? If this isn't the subreddit for this kind of post let me know and I'll remove it. Thank you!

(I'm being non-specific about the time period and location because I suspect that there isn't that much literature on this question as a whole, so narrowing it down even more might make it difficult to receive answers - however, if I have to narrow it down, I'd be interested in on the one hand early-mid 20th century America, and on the other hand say classical or medieval Europe.)

Given that there are some things which aren't criminalized but are still considered socially unacceptable, aka defending Nazism in the United States, I was wondering if we know about whether forcibly compelling your spouse to have sex with you was actually considered acceptable behavior before the late 20th century (of course, I'm sure this varied by culture, etc., but I'd be interested in whatever information for whatever culture does exist).

For example; if a (representational of the society) man is at a bar with his friends and they are talking about their marriages' sex lives, and then he says "my wife didn't want to sleep with me yesterday but joke's on her, I just forced her to!", would that be considered bizarre behavior?

I'd find it especially weird if countries where other forms of spousal violence were already generally looked down upon (aka American in the 1970s) strangely thought that something likely far more harmful than most levels of physical violence was OK.

This is specifically for places where marital rape wasn't recognized as a crime, not for the rare pre-late 20th century legal systems where it was.

This question has been bugging me for a while. I know the Venetians and Byzantines had fought in the past, but is there any sources that state how Venice reacted to the fall of Constantinople?

Like I don’t get it?

It’s not like no one knew they were there. People had colonies in Asia. Ports in China. Like people would undoubtedly know ‘hey there’s a bigass landmass there which has people on it’.

Yet it wasn’t until the 1850s with America, someone who didn’t even have territory in the pacific apart from its own coast, that Japan was forcefully opened.

Why didn’t other European powers force Japan open for that sweet trade?

In the recent game Assassin's Creed: Valhalla, one of the locations is the city of Lunden circa the late 9th century CE, about 400 years after the Romans left. The city does look distinctively Roman, with a standing amphitheater, a villa which is still used, statuary, fortified walls, frescoes, and plenty of ruins throughout. The landscape in the rest of the game is also dotted with plenty of Roman buildings and architecture in various states of repair. I assume the creators took some creative liberties when designing the environment, but historically in other games in the franchise they have done a lot in the ways of presenting places accurately. London today obviously doesn't still have these structures, and does not have much standing Roman history remaining to my knowledge outside of some walls. How long were these large structures used by the successors of the Romans before being replaced?

I saw somewhere that Stalin already knew about Project manhattan before Hiroshima, and that one justification to proceed with it was the worries that “hitter secret weapon” might be a nuke.

1)hey I'm kind of curious as to whether or not prior to the slave trade and high volume contact between Europe and other regions was there racist ideation present in the places like the British empire. 2) have seen an anthropology paper talking about how prior to European colonization certain groups in Africa the Americas and Asia would create beauty hierarchies with lighter skin women at the top though usually their definition of light skin was not considered to be as light as Europeans if this a result of dark skin being associated with outside labor or is this some structural defect in the human mind 3) European countries were hostile to each other just on the basis of nationality alone in the past why was the concept of being white invented and why did people who were antagonized by the basis of their nationality like Irish Italians and people from the Iberian peninsula eventually aggregated into the concept of being white and why did they choose to accept this after years of hostility 4)final question was racism in the European colonial powers just a post hoc justification for an economic superstructure of mercantilist colonialism

They come from the same plant, I believe? It seems weed should be easier to come by than alcohol, but I dont hear much about it.

As in the question. Note that the meaning of the term is different than the one most common today. Medieval hospices provided shelter, lodgings and meals for pilgrims and other travelers.

I'm quite fascinated how extensively developed was the hospices infrastructure. Much of medieval Europe and its surroundings were dotted by chains of establishments servicing pilgrims. There were even dedicated orders who run them, the most notable being Hospitallers who later morphed into a military order.

But how exactly did these hospices operate? Did they charge? Could a penniless traveler still be serviced?

On December 12, the Russian Soviet Socialist Federative Republic formally left the USSR to form the Russian Federation. On December 16, the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic formally left the USSR to form the Republic of Kazakhstan, meaning that for 4 days, the USSR existed in just Kazakhstan. What was it like in those 4 days? Did anything special or funny or notable happen?

I was watching a Czech HBO series called The Sleepers and (spoilers ahead) two of the characters turn out to be Soviet spies, one working as an agent in the Czechoslovak secret police Státní bezpečnost (StB). Was this a common occurrence during the Cold War, did the Soviets spy on the Warsaw Pact countries and in reverse? If they did, how widespread was it?

Would there have been avid talk in taverns among laborers and peasants, disbelief or surprise, excitement even? Or would it have been regarded as something only concerning the aristocrats and explorers?