When did we discover that Space is a vacuum? Did early engineers and science fiction writers foresee that interplanetary travel would require an enclosed capsule and life support?

2 Answers 2021-01-12

What's good reading on pre-Roman Britain?

Hiya, I'm looking for book recommendations about Celtic and pre-historic Britain. I'm a lay-reader but am open to more technical reading. I have Neil Oliver's 100 Places book queued up for reading, but I'd like more depth on the earlier parts of that history.

1 Answers 2021-01-12

Why does Russia and Japan get a pass for supporting the Axis in WW2 but not Italy?

I know Russia changed sides but only after Hitler decided to betray them.

And I'm 99% sure Japan killed more civilians in east Asia than both atomic bombs.

Italy did have a few victories but gave up as soon as Italy was invaded so why are they always lumped in with Nazis but not the other two?

2 Answers 2021-01-12

Books about the Prussian crusade-reading advice

So, I've searched the internet and i feel kinda lost since the amount of books that cover this Topic seems to be very small. That's why I'm reaching out to you in hope of getting some advice here.

2 Answers 2021-01-12

I am an educated Haitian in 1956. A popular doctor who made his name by going to rural villages and curing people of typhus and yaws is running for President. Is it obvious to me what kind of President 'Papa Doc' will turn out to be? Are there any signs I might see that portend his dispotic rule?

What about for the uneducated Haitians?

1 Answers 2021-01-12

Why was Battle of Jutland so late in the war in 1916? Why was there very little naval action prior to it in the Northern Sea?

1 Answers 2021-01-12

What's the reality behind Bridgerton's Queen Charlotte?

During my reading of some "behind the scenes" articles about the new adaptation of Bridgerton, the show runner says in working with historians he learned that Queen Charlotte was of "mixed race." However they don't expand on this or give any sources. I wanted to ask about this statement - what is known about the Queen's ancestry, and how much of any nonwhite heritage would she or her husband, courtiers, or society at large have known about during her lifetime? If it was generally known, did it affect any aspects of her life or rule?

This is the article btw: https://collider.com/bridgerton-interview-chris-van-dusen-race-sex-season-2-netflix/

1 Answers 2021-01-12

If the US Senate is a continuous body, meaning every two years 1/3 is up for re-election how did it start in the beginning?

1 Answers 2021-01-12

What did alcohol usage look like for soldiers on the frontlines of WW2?

1 Answers 2021-01-12

The American founding fathers were inspired pretty heavily by ancient Rome and the Greek city states while writing the constitution, was there no contradiction between that while also asserting White Anglo-Saxon supremacy?

Not only that, when Italians, Greeks, Hungarians, and other Slavs first arrived to the US after World War 2, they weren't considered White. while scientific racists at the time believed that Mediterranean people were lazy by their nature, I found it weird when reading about the founding father drafting the constitution being heavily inspired, and learning from, the Romans and the Greeks, you'd expect at least the founding fathers and future US government officials to admire, if not at the least bit respectful, of the Italians and the Greeks, but this never seemed to be the case

So like, why?

1 Answers 2021-01-12

Before the arise of Mithraic and Judæo-Christian cults in Rome (I-II centuries CE), were there any other religious groups among Romans and Italics which were significantly different from the typical Roman polytheism?

1 Answers 2021-01-12

We are David Gerber and Bruce Dierenfield, and we're here to talk about the history of disability, education, and the law. Ask us anything!

David Gerber is a professor emeritus of American history at SUNY Buffalo, specializing in disability, among other topics. Bruce Dierenfield is also a professor emeritus of American history at Canisius College, a Catholic Jesuit school in Buffalo, New York. He has studied religion and the law, among other topics. We recently published a book entitled, Disability Rights and Religious Liberty in Education: The Story Behind Zobrest v. Catalina Foothills School District (2020), which is available from the University of Illinois Press: https://www.press.uillinois.edu/books/catalog/73fym7hn9780252043208.html. Ask us anything about deafness, methodologies concerning deaf education in the late 20th century, and constitutional decisions regarding disability/deafness. We are also happy to talk about the disability rights movement, particularly when compared to the civil rights movement, as well as to talk about American disabled veterans.

15 Answers 2021-01-12

Was the Swedish system really instrumental in beating Tilly's Spanish system at the Battle of Brietenfield?

Scholars say that it was the Swedish system that won the day. However looking at the battle it appears Tilly and the imperials really lost the day for reasons other than that. Especially since Tilly didn't field as many units and didn't have many reinforcements. Because of this it looks like he stretched his line out worse than what would normally occur. As well as this it looks like one of his generals being hot headed led the charge with his left flank before orders were completely given. Besides this instead of meeting Gustav at the river he waited for him which seems to have also contributed to Gustav's win. Furthermore, after this battle the Spanish system proved it was very much still versatile and viable in other battles before and after this one.

I guess I point all this out to say that I have a hard time believing the Spanish system was really truly defeated by the Swedish system. I know the Swedish system married both the best parts of the Spanish system and Dutch system along with Gustav's insight to use combined arms fire and reintroduce calvary shock value to the battlefield which had lost popularity. But even this isn't entirely accurate to the narrative as I've dug deeper it seems that others had already recognized all the developments Gustav had put into his Swedish system.

So why do we believe it was the Swedish system that won the Battle of Brietenfield?

1 Answers 2021-01-12

About to be hanged? In France and Denmark you could agree to marry a woman and be freed due to particular laws, according to Montaigne. What was the origin and purpose of these laws?

From Montaigne's Essay, "That the taste of good and evil depends upon the opinion we have of them."

"Everybody has heard the tale of the Picard, to whom, being upon the ladder, they presented a common wench, telling him (as our law does some times permit) that if he would marry her they would save his life; he, having a while considered her and perceiving that she halted: "Come, tie up, tie up," said he, "she limps." And they tell another story of the same kind of a fellow in Denmark, who being condemned to lose his head, and the like condition being proposed to him upon the scaffold, refused it, by reason the girl they offered him had hollow cheeks and too sharp a nose."

What was the thinking behind these laws?

1 Answers 2021-01-12

Why is it that many Latin American capital cities are inland?

I have noticed that multiple Latin American capital cities are far inland (in bold are the cities I've been to):

It seems odd that the Spanish wanted to build capital cities inland (were they perhaps imitating their own capital, Madrid?). These cities weren't major urban centres before Europeans arrived in the Americas, nor were they designated as an inorganic capital city (like Brasília). Also, considering the mountainous terrain of the Americas, it seems like a bad idea to place a capital in a hard-to-access inland region, and none of those cities are on navigable rivers either. In addition, Quito and Bogotá are over 2.5 km above sea level, which brings with it the dangers of altitude sickness.

La Paz and Asuncion are not on the above list because they are capitals of landlocked nations. Mexico City is not on the above list because it was already a very large city even before Europeans arrived in the Americas.

2 Answers 2021-01-12

Were gold coins real?

Another playthrough of The elder scrolls IV: Skyrim got me wondering: were gold coins actually a thing? If so, where were they used?

1 Answers 2021-01-12

How come the Ocean Sunfish doesn't seem to have major cultural significance anywhere?

This question is inspired by the news article Huge sunfish washes up on Tasmanian beach.

A few months ago, I provided an answer to the question Why were Orca seemingly only prevalent in Northwestern Native Culture, and not Elsewhere? relevant to Australian history. However, while Orca were culturally significant to some Indigenous Australians and European settlers, how come the Ocean Sunfish (Mola mola) never received much attention, despite being so common in Australia that almost every Sydney-to-Hobart Yacht Race participant crashes into one?

The Ocean Sunfish has a distinctive, if not outright weird, shape. Its massive size and weight means that it can noticeably damage ocean-going vessels. It also has a habit of washing up on beaches, meaning that even cultures without seafaring technology would encounter it. It is found in temperate and tropical waters worldwide. And finally, all parts of the Ocean Sunfish are edible.

All these seem to be factors which would make the Ocean Sunfish become culturally significant. Are there any cultures where the Ocean Sunfish was culturally significant? If not, why not?

1 Answers 2021-01-12

Have there been any battles (WWI - WWII) where naval signaling flags have played a significant role?

I've been looking for a few days now and I haven't been able to find anything; this is either a niche topic or I haven't been searching the right way. Any help is welcome, including directions to other subreddits where this question might be more readily answered.

1 Answers 2021-01-12

Why is it that every time I see an interesting question here, there are removed or no comments?

2 Answers 2021-01-12

Why is Indo-Caribbean “chutney” music essentially meaningless?

A type of Indo-Caribbean music called chutney, mimics the sound of Indian folk music but there aren’t any actual words from an Indian language. It basically seems like a kind of scatting but with Indic phraseology. How did this come to be?

1 Answers 2021-01-12

From the late 18th to early 19th centuries, how did people of that era look at men who married girls significantly younger than them?

The Mormon prophet Joseph Smith, in his later life, married girls much younger than him.

Were there people from that era who called him out for it?

Was it common for older men to get called out or stigmatized for marrying girls in that 12-17 year age range?

1 Answers 2021-01-12

Why did the codpiece become such a fad in 1500s Europe?

This fashion reached its peak of size and decoration in the 1540s before falling out of use by the 1590s.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codpiece

It seems that codpieces quickly became popular in the 16th century Europe and then fell out of fashion. Was there any particular reason for this rise and fall? Moral objection? Or just a simple trend?

1 Answers 2021-01-12

Question regarding "Sea Peoples"

When, where, and why did Sea Peoples exist???

Asking because my professor omitted explaining it during her lectures about Mediterranean cultures.

1 Answers 2021-01-12

What were the economic and political factors that lead to the decoloisation of Africa by the European powers?

1 Answers 2021-01-12

The Study of History

My understanding is that historians always believe in the most probable event which is what should be done of course, but at the same time I can't imagine that every event in history has to be the most probable one. I mean a lot of weird and improbable things happen all the time.

In mathematical terms: the probability of the occurence of many (infinite) probable events makes an improbable event. [ (0.99)^inf = 0 ]

Does this mean that our understanding of history is inevitably wrong?

1 Answers 2021-01-12

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