Today children enter puberty at an early age. Was it the case that in the past that children would enter puberty later than today and if this true, was this due to poor nutrition.

I’m reading a book (manga) called Vinland Saga, the Nords and Vikings interest me and I was wondering how true it is. And what Thorfinn and Thors do In Viking Culture, from my understanding they were part of Leif Ericksons vikings.

He was a Swedish man in WWII that saved thousands of Jewish people by making fake passports but that is really all I know. This seems super important and I only learned of him in my 20’s?

Was it confusion at what he was doing? Panic that the Franks were going to war? Or were they apathetic to the crowning?

I'm writing a paper for school about cryptanalysis in WW2 and haven't been able to figure out who came up with these numbers and how they came to this conclusion (I assume there's some statistical analysis of the war but I haven't found confirmation). I have also unsuccessfully looked for other possible estimates that dispute the 2 years/14 million theory and, again, I've found nothing.

(Thanks in advance!)

I'm especially thinking of Biltmore's enormous library (in addition to the numerous other bookcases scattered throughout the house), but also places like Montecello from a good bit earlier. Did the owners actually read all those books? Did they just keep them for occasional reference, like an in-house internet, content to know the knowledge was available if they needed it? Was it just a flex, to show visitors how intellectual they were or what they had the resources to acquire? What types of books were they? On my last visit to Biltmore, I tried to read the spines on the small fraction I could get close enough to, and they seemed to mostly consist of biographies of poets, collections of classics, and some terribly dry-sounding stuff about European nobility.

I'm sure the answers varied from owner to owner, so broad strokes as well examples of how some differed from the norm are welcome.

It was a battle where a small force of Italians fended off a much larger force of what I recall British forces. Does anyone know what I may be thinking of?

In Europe, the conflicts ended in May of 1945. After that, the Japanese rejected the Potsdam Declaration, issued by the Americans calling for their surrender. It seemed like the Japanese weren't willing to surrender and, thus, a possible invasion would be necessary. My questions are: was the use of atomic bombs necessary? Were the atomic bombs used to force a surrender from the Japanese and save the lives of the thousands of soldiers who would be deployed in the invasion? Or was there a different objective, possibly to show the nuclear advantage of the USA (mainly to the Soviet Union) and stop the spread of communist ideology (which had been rising notably since the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917), even prior to the Cold War?

Thank you in advance and correct me if I made any wrong assumptions.

I would really like to read some primary sources on Ancient Roman food and cooking instead of just reading random secondary sources from blogs and reenactors. So far I have found Apicius's De re coquinaria, does anyone have any other recommendations? Thank you for your time.

Was it seen as just as tragic and sad as we are now when a very young child dies? Or did those people, well-acquainted with that Unfortunate Fact Of Life, move on way more quickly? I do have to imagine that at the very least the mothers were affected nearly the same as they would be now, considering the brain chemistry that comes along with giving birth. But then, I'm not a historian, so.

The 3rd Servile War allowed Crassus to finally take worthy action from the eyes of his fellow powerful Romans instead of just being a hella rich citizen. He became consul following that and the following years shared the spotlight with Pompey and Caesar, militarily and politically. Died in Carrhae in 53 BC. 26 years later the Roman Empire is formed.

Here is the thing, what if Spartacus had never rebelled? No rebellion, no military opportunity for Crassus to step in and put his money for the Republic’s good use. No military opportunity, no political domino effect. No political domino effect, no first triumvirate and so on and so on. It is also believed Crassus helped to sort of hold the other two, Caesar and Pompey, in check and that his death precipitated their falling out, ultimately resulting in Caesar’s civil war, His assassination and the Roman Empire being formed.

Now this is just a rough ‘what if’ scenario and there are other/additional factors, events or protagonists at play. However I started wondering that and pondering if whether the Roman Empire was just a matter of time? Perhaps I am giving too much importance to the role Crassus played in all of this. Would definitely enjoy reading other people’s insights.

Cheers.

Just seen a question here asking about how Jews were treated in Ancient Rome and realized that Pagan Rome and Judaism overlapped (I'd never thought of it LOL). I don't want to repeat or hog the other person's question but I do want to ask, do we have any remains of any such synagogues in Italy or anywhere else in Europe that were built by (pre-Christianity) Roman Jews? Thanks

The Ancient Egyptians and the civilizations of the Middle East at the time had very large sources of water: the Nile and the Tigres/Euphrates respectively. However, the Minoan civilization on Crete had very little sources of fresh water. Now, I understand things have changed since ancient times, but when I look at a map of Crete today, there are almost no sources of fresh water. And one would think that little sources there were would be constantly fought over. I was just wondering how an isolated civilization that existed so long ago got its water.

If everything was written in cuneiform, how are we able to accurately translate names? I'm looking specifically at deity names like Nammu and An?

I forget where I heard it, but I remember hearing a documentary about how after Hitler became leader of the NSDP, he held a party rally from which he explained that anti-semitism is a force that unites Germans.

Does this imply that other political movements, or even parties, were anti-Semitic in Weimar Germany?

Hi, I am curious about all the functions of Buddhist temples in the Tokugawa period and their function in today's society. Could you recommend me some materials or books about this topic? Will be glad for anything. Thanks very much.