First council of Nicaea - logistics and organisation

I'm picking this event, but I guess the question could in theory relate to any great recorded gathering.

Anyway, how were all the attendees summoned? How was an agreed date communicated across the whole geographical site involved? How did people travel? Was travel coordinated?

What happened at the event? Was there a register? What if someone important turned up late? What languages were used and how was translation utilised?

Any further information around those sorts of questions would be really appreciated! I've organised global conferences and it's incredibly difficult even with modern technology, so I was just fascinated by the logistics of this event. Thanks

1 Answers 2019-11-09

Is there autobiographies from ancient kings and rulers how they felt as the leader of a nation?

I think often times movies and portray kings, queens, and rulers as lonely people. Recently Netflix came out with The King about king Henry V and there’s a line that says “a king has no friends. Just followers and foes.” That seems incredibly lonely and you’d wonder why anyone would want that life. But throughout the ages, men have craved that power.

So is there an autobiographies or manuscripts that detailed the actual minds or feelings of ancient kings and rulers?

1 Answers 2019-11-09

Was tank riding (tank desant) official Soviet military doctrine, or was it an ad-hoc battlefield innovation by frontline commanders?

All those fancy pictures of Soviet soldiers leaping from advancing T-34s - was this behaviour approved by those in high command?

Additional question: I'm aware of tank riding in other theatres as well, but as I recall, both German and American infantrymen dismounted far away from combat. Did Soviet soldiers actually ride tanks into battle like armoured personnel carriers, or were these pictures merely deliberate propaganda?

1 Answers 2019-11-09

Why did East Berliners flee/attempt to flee over the Berlin Wall, instead of going east and crossing borders towards the west in woods or less guarded parts of the borders?

1 Answers 2019-11-09

I'm a Scottish Highlander in the middle ages and I use peat for heating and cooking purposes in my home. How did this affect my flavor preferences and daily diet?

I've been struggling to find sources on this question. I know Scotts have been using peat as a means to toast malt for scotch whiskey production for centuries, but with it being such a plentiful resource in the highlands and bogs I'm certain it had to be used by those living in rural areas growing grain or raising livestock.

When you toast malts or grains using peat, the smoke and brine from the sea air dramatically affects the flavor of the husk, germ, and flour that results from the milling process. We know this because of peated scotch. If peat was being used for heating and cooking in the Scottish home, how would that have affected the taste of their food? How would it have affected what, specifically, they cooked? And would it have had any nutritional health benefits?

1 Answers 2019-11-09

During the rise of Islam, the Arabian Peninsula was united under a single empire. By the time of WWI, most of it had devolved back into tribal society. What caused this?

Asked before, but received no answer.

2 Answers 2019-11-09

History Majors out there, what are job prospects outside of academia like? And do you regret majoring in History or was it worth it?

I am an SDSU student majoring in history. Just transferred to SDSU from community college. I have two AA's in history, and now doing my upper division.

3 Answers 2019-11-09

How prevalent was the "Clean Wehrmacht" myth before the Wehrmacht exhibition in 1995? And did any historians continue to push it afterwards?

I know that Christian Streit disproved the myth in the 1970's with Keine Kameraden, but I've also been told that it wasn't a conclusion Germany was ready to accept at the time, since many former German soldiers were still alive and kicking then. So does that mean the general consensus was on the side of Clean Wehrmacht even after his book? And was the exhibition in 1995 enough to change the minds of every interested historian?

1 Answers 2019-11-09

What's the consensus on the Sea Peoples?

Egyptians record encountering these seafaring groups who seem to swoop in out of nowhere, wreak absolute havoc on them, and then vanish as quick as they arrived. An attractive theory I read was that these might have been Vikings, as they were known to be accomplished sailors and very warlike, but it's also been pointed out that the waters around Africa is pretty far out of the way from Scandinavia.

What does the evidence say? Are we any closer to knowing?

1 Answers 2019-11-09

What was the state of art of Mathematics at the time Marx drafted his Mathematical Manuscripts?

I was reading Sokal & Bricmont's Fashionable Nonsense when this occurred to me.

By state of the art of Mathematics, I mean not only theoretical and applied mathematics, but also history and philosophy.

It's been some years since I've read the Manual Manuscripts, but I remember some… unorthodox ideas about Calculus, at least from a modern standpoint. I was curious whether Marx's ideas fall in line with those of his time

1 Answers 2019-11-09

Prominent Italian writers of the early-modern era such as Dante and Machiavelli include commentary on how Italy should be a united country. Did calls for a United Italy have popular support among the masses of the Italian states, or limited to just small circles of writers and political theorists?

In Dante's Divine Comedy, there's plenty of thinly veiled commentary on how the squabbling of the Italian city-states is pointless and the country should be united, notably when Dante meets Emperor Justinian who bemoans the divided state of Italy at the time. Machiavelli also commentates in his last chapter of The Prince that Italy needs a leader to politically unite the peninsula and throw out the French, Germans, and Spanish who are embroiled in the Italian Wars (While The Prince isn't to be taken plainly at face-value, Machiavelli was a supporter of an Italian republic).

But outside of small circles of educated political theorists and authors, was the idea of a united Italian state popular among the masses of the divided Italian states, or did more regionalist attitudes prevail among the common populace of areas like Naples, Lombardy, Veneto, Tuscany, etc?

1 Answers 2019-11-09

I have this problem with history I think you all can help me with.

I've been seeing all those "history buff" starter pack memes, and it bothers me, but that's seriously me.

Watch some simple history YouTube videos, read some low level books, watch some questionable history channel shows, And that's it.

I was just wondering how I can improve on my learning of history so I actually become well at it. As of right now, it's mostly and interest and hobby, but I hope to soon turn it into a job.

Sorry if this is rather bland and blunt. For some details, I'm into pretty much anything historically, mostly European.

Thank you

1 Answers 2019-11-09

I enjoyed reading L.A. Confidential by James Ellroy, but I am appalled by his frequent use of racist epithets - most notably the frequent use of the 'n' word and similar expressions. Was this kind of racist pejorative language and/or anti-Black hatred a recurrent theme in 1940s noir fiction?

1 Answers 2019-11-09

Civil War

When the question of why southern soldiers fought it is answered from a race (white men) perspective. Yet Native Americans, Latinos, Asians & foreign born Irish & Germans fought for the confederacy. Why did they fight for that cause?

1 Answers 2019-11-09

What was Nicholas II long term plan for the Russian monarchy?

As a Tsar, Nicholas II did everything he could to maintain an absolute monarchy and quell or reverse any attempt to democratize it. Yet, he had only daughters, who were forbidden to inherit the crown, and a haemophiliac son whose life expectancy at the time was barely expected to reach his twenties. What did Nicholas II expect after his death ? Also, why didn't he try to have another son? His wife was only 32 when Alexis was born.

2 Answers 2019-11-09

Other than Romans, are there any white people in the Bible?

1 Answers 2019-11-09

During the time that believing in Witchcraft was heretical, did anyone take it upon themselves to still become a witch-hunter? Following the old adage of "if there's a law against it, it's common practice" (sodomy amongst monks, belief in witchcraft..)

1 Answers 2019-11-09

Saturday Showcase | November 09, 2019

Previous

Today:

AskHistorians is filled with questions seeking an answer. Saturday Spotlight is for answers seeking a question! It’s a place to post your original and in-depth investigation of a focused historical topic.

Posts here will be held to the same high standard as regular answers, and should mention sources or recommended reading. If you’d like to share shorter findings or discuss work in progress, Thursday Reading & Research or Friday Free-for-All are great places to do that.

So if you’re tired of waiting for someone to ask about how imperialism led to “Surfin’ Safari;” if you’ve given up hope of getting to share your complete history of the Bichon Frise in art and drama; this is your chance to shine!

2 Answers 2019-11-09

When did the first Jews returned after WW2 to Germany and how were they treated? Was there any justice within Germany for previous crimes? Did they recover anything like houses/savings/etc?

1 Answers 2019-11-09

What happened to Attila the Hun's dynasty and Are Hungarians really Hunnic people.

As i understood about Attila the Hun was a conqueror but not successful on adapting farming life style. Those Turanic nations always been nomad and they were struggled adopting settled life. So my question is what really happened to Attila's heritage? are they assimilated or were they already minority over there and influenced by nations around them are they changed?

1 Answers 2019-11-09

Books about the Roman conquest of Britain

I’m very interested in the Roman conquest of Britain and have spent many hours reading the answers provided by r/Askhistorians members.

I’d like to develop my own knowledge by reading full texts and would like to ask if there is a good starting point?

From documentaries I’ve watched, museum visits and general education, I’d describe my experience level as advanced beginner, if there is such a thing... probably just a beginner haha

I’m particularly interested in the Roman perception of the British tribes they encountered and how exactly these people were assimilated to the Roman way of life.

Thank you

1 Answers 2019-11-09

After WW2, why wasn't Francisco Franco (Spanish dictator who supported Hitler) killed?

I blame how bad Spain is and has been in the last decades to Franco, but I just can't understand why no one helped the spanish people, why didn't the US or any country from the allies kill the dictator or make him run away?

Under his power Spain just became worse and worse and didn't progress.

​

Today I learned that Mussolini was gone in 1945, and since then Italy has been a republic, that's what should've happened to Spain, I just never wondered that, why did no other country help Spain?

1 Answers 2019-11-09

According to Historians, is it possible that Rama from Indian epic Ramayana existed in any way?

Ok, so I am from India and many people around here believe that he was real, even though some of us know that Ramayana, Mahabharata are myths. Now I always thought that this was the case, but I thought of peddling into some Hindu fundamentalist websites. Here is one:

http://lordrama.co.in/sri-rama-and-vedic-history-of-the-world.html

Now, here are some of the things they claim:

  1. Archeologists found a half-lion and half-human statue in a cave called Stadel Holhe around 40k years ago. Googled it and found it was correct https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lion-man The website claims this is actually a statue of one of the incarnations of Vishnu
  2. Carvings in Silemania, Iraq that looks like a man with a bow with a guy sitting in front of him in the way Hanuman is depicted with Rama. Googling gives you a lot of links to shady websites, nothing really authentic.
  3. They claim Egypt is comes from 'Ajapati' and was Vaishnavic before Islamic. For evidence, they point towards two emperors - Ramesses (they claim comes from Ram) and Sitamun (they claim comes from Sita) and the triad of Amun (depicted as blue in color), Mata and Khonsu, which kind of feels similar to Ram-Sita-Laxman trio
  4. An ancient Vishnu idol was found in Russia. I searched and found it was true: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/rest-of-world/Ancient-Vishnu-idol-found-in-Russian-town/articleshow/1046928.cms
  5. South American civilization Incan empire have similar gods like Hinduism, which I found to be true. They claimed a guy named Senor Vincente Lopez said that there was Aryan race in South America which I couldn't find. They also talked about Trident of Peru, a mountain with a picture of Trident etched in it and that Ramayana have a reference of it. Wiki says the origin, date of creation of Trident of Peru is unknown
  6. They claim the name Rome is a misnomer for Rama and that the city Ravenna is a misnomer for Ravana. According to Wiki, origin of the name of Ravenna is unclear and the origin of the name of Rome is "Several hypotheses have been advanced focusing on its linguistic roots which however remain uncertain"

So, is it possible that Rama existed given all the references around the world? Yes, some of them are false but most of them are tagged as 'unclear', so, can we speculate that those cases, for example Rome and Ravenna, meant Rama?

2 Answers 2019-11-09

Historians of Reddit: How could Columbus think that he was in India, when the concept of time zones (of difference in time) had been known had been known since 100 BC, when the timezone he was in clearly didn't correlate with that of India when he landed in South America?

[deleted]

1 Answers 2019-11-09

How come Cortes described the Mexican cities and towns as having mosques and built in a moorish style?

In the first letter of Fernando Cortes to Charles V he is describing Mexico
https://archive.org/details/fernandocorteshi01cort/page/162

It seems out of place? Did the Moors or Ottomans know about America?

4 Answers 2019-11-09

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