I'm really confused by this idea so I figured this might be one of the best places to ask.

I grew up vaguely hearing about the Irish "slave" trade, my mom took classes on it in college, we /are/ Irish, that kind of thing. Whenever I bring it up, people tell me I'm confusing indentured servitude with slavery.

While I'm 100% aware that the treatment of African American people is horrific, I'm really just more trying to learn about my heritage. How true is it? Or is it one of those things that's more 50/50?

Until Isabella and Ferdinand, the major kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula were Castile and the Crown of Aragon. As far as I know, Catalonia was always a territory whether of Aragon, France and now Spain. However, since 19th century is Catalonia, and not Aragon, the region that has developed a strong nationalist sentiment and nationalist political forces. When I look at the map of "Grand Catalonia" (països catalans) it contains just East Aragon, and the capital of the "Catalan nation" is supposed to be Barcelona, not Zaragoza. The nationalists name themselves "catalans" and not "aragonese". But Catalonia had never a king - Aragon did. Aragon was the actual sovereign kingdom, with their own overseas empire.

I'm aware that Catalonia it's been always somehow special and that they had their own Parliament, but I don't know how did they end up considering themselves a nation instead of claiming the spirit of the Crown of Aragon as a whole. How and why did this happen?

I hope that is not too simple of a question. As far as I know, there is no historical connection, suggesting that these fish sauce condiments developed completely independently. SE Asian kingdoms like Champa had extensive trade routes, but I do not think that developed until well after the Roman period. So, breaking it down a bit . . .

1. Is there any evidence of trade goods traveling (one way or the other) between the Roman Mediterranean and SE Asia?
2. Do we know if fish sauce was ever a thing in the intermediate areas of Persia or India?
3. How similar is SE Asian fish sauce to garum, as far as is known? Is it a decent stand in for ancient garum?

Were they always a thing? When I see that famous picture of those "We Want Beer" guys marching down the street protesting prohibition, did they need to get a permit to do so? When did protest/parade permits and insurance become a thing, and what is the constitutional arguement in favor of the necessity of such requirements? Thanks in advance.

(Asking again bc I really want an answer and feel this is a very relevant question given the times)

Furthermore, how "ancient" were these liberties, and to whom were these liberties meant to protect?

(Name) (Surname) or (Name) of (Location) or (Name) (Surname) of (Location)?

No-one seems to be able to settle on one and I’m curious to know if there was a standard way of naming in the Middle Ages?

How did ancient greek city states(athens, thebes, argos etc. No sparta. ) prepare their abled body male to become a hoplite. Do they have a bootcamp for the training? Also, how intense is their training at that time. Is it like a "Navy Seal training" Or like a "mandatory recruitment, a few months in the bootcamp and your good to go" type?

What are some units that included women during WW2? Are there any reliable sources of information on them?

I saw a YouTube video about languages that showed Vulgar Latin being spoken as, at the very least, quite a common language among the ordinary people of the Italian peninsula, until the 900s, and southern France until as late as the 600s or early 700s. So... when did Latin actually die, as a language of everyday communication? And which areas fell in certain times? I.e. when did Latin die in France, when did it die in Romania, when did it die in Italy, etc...

More specifically, the M18 GMC Hellcat. It doesn’t seem like there was one specific color as some pictures show green while others show a deeper olive color. I am making a small replica and was hoping to get the exact or a relatively close match to this olive color.

I know this is a hugely nuanced question in a whole lot of ways. If it helps, I’m only using Vergil as an example— could you consider any one in the Roman Empire “white”? Or at least part of some similar hierarchy of race/ethnicity?

I'm a middle school history teacher, I really enjoy learning about classical and ancient history, but my expertise is in other subject areas. Most of my historical knowledge comes from secondary sources; textbooks, books like SPQR, podcasts, the plethora of Youtube videos on the topic.

I've never read through a full primary source like Livy or Plutarch, and I want to change that. I guess my question is if you guys have any advice on reading extended primary sources like Livy's History of Rome. Do you take notes while reading, do you just delve in and let it wash over you, do you go in looking for something specific? How do you go about recognising Livy's own bias in his work?

I guess I'm just worried I'm going to read it, immediately forget most of what I read and feel like I wasted my time. Or accept falsehoods stated by Livy as facts, because I haven't read conflicting sources.

Thanks in advance

Rarely any historical documents thay say europeans were killed off by the new world diseases, why is that?

During WWII when the Germans used the Blitzkrieg tactic and pushed deep into enemy lines how did they not become encircled by the enemy?

Caesar closes Vercingetorix off with a wall hoping to starve him out. Then he puts a wall further downhill to protect himself from the reinforcements. But Caesar has now closed himself off from adding to his own supplies. Did Caesar know he could starve longer than Vercingetorix? Was he counting on that? Or was he getting supplies somehow?

Of all the murderers out there, why does everyone know the name Jack the Ripper?