Films often depict a lot of celebration when the Nazis fell.

For example, Downfall (2004) shows the Red Army playing accordions, singing, and dancing as Traudl Junge moves through their ranks and away from the captured Germans.

Obviously there was a lot of celebration.

But what were all the varied emotional reactions to Hitler's fall across Europe?

For example: After Nazi surrender, how much documentation is there of people in Europe having mental breakdowns, because they had suppressed their trauma (from the violence/horror/genocide, etc.) through immersion in the war, and now the war was suddenly over, and they had to face their demons?

I'm curious about the full range of emotional reactions/strategies/responses/outcomes during the war, immediately after Hitler fell, and then in the immediate/later postwar period.

Edit: I also wonder about the emotions of being in Berlin at the end of the war. It must have been so eerie/bizarre/surreal to be in that city, with all the rubble/ruins, and everything all deserted. Like a big crazy ghost-town, except with all the majestic architecture. It must have been strange. There must have been so many interesting emotions, and I wonder about the accounts of that. Some say that when Hitler died "National Socialism burst like a bubble" and "the spell was broken"; I wonder how surreal it was, like a bizarre nightmare was suddenly over.

Not quite sure if this comes off as ridiculous, but do we have any evidence for actions taken in premodern armies to maintain good physical condition within the rank and file? If the soldiery spent most of their time marching, doing chores in camp, or conducting sieges, one would think that they'd experience severe muscular atrophy, especially with the poor diets that they would usually have to make due with (?) One would think, that this would be detrimental for their ability to fight, especially berfore the widespread use of firearms.

Does anyone have any knowledge of the king tigers that fought at or near berlin during the last weeks of the war. And knowledge specifically about the tanks of 3rd company 1st battalion would be very helpfull Thanks guys :)

I have some basic knowledge of this subject but I find it really hard ro find some good sources on this subject, thanks in advance!

It is my understanding that many sagas refer to pagan themes, with pagan heroes. So how were they perceived in the mostly Christian Iceland and Scandinavia during the (early -) modern era?

Lately, I've been thinking about my ancestors, I want to know what religion they followed.My ancestors are mostly from Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Egypt, Israel, I know these countries didn't quite exist back then, but I mentioned them because at these country's locations are where my ancestors mostly lived (this part of the middle east).

What Pagan Gods/Goddesses did they follow? (Pre-Islam, and before Christianity was widely popular).The reason I'm asking is because I know that there are a lot of Pagan Gods/Goddesses, like Odin, Thor, Zeus (mostly followed by Norsemen), but I wanna know about my ancestors beliefs or Pagan gods.

One of the more prevalent stories in my family is about a grandfather I never met in person. My moms dad. He died from bone cancer years and years after having supposedly laid down in his normal way (on his back, left leg laying flat against ground, and right leg bent with his ankle by his left knee and the right knee in the air) while having to lay in a rice field outside the city of Nagasaki and breathe through a reed while the actual blast occurred. Laying that way, he told his kids, left his right knee exposed above the waterline when the blast occurred.

He died of bone cancer that killed him quickly after it’s discovery. It metastasized from the right knee. Just curious if this was a known, or common thing that actually occurred or not.

So I have been doing a bit of research about the philosophical foundations of martial arts (mostly Eastern) as I have always been a fan of martial arts and philosophy too and how they both are entangled with each other and how most martial arts taught and practiced that it can be implied in all aspects of life.

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(and interestingly, despite how Eastern martial arts seem to be very similar to each other especially in terms of their philosophies, they are actually quite distinct in certain details. There is a difference between a Buddhist monk who practices Shaolin Buddhist martial arts, and the actual Buddhist warrior monks, known as the Sohei or the Ikko-Ikki. This also applies to other martial arts and their sub-disciplines that how they are taught such as Tae Kwon Do, Hapkido, and Hapkimudo (the "mudo" means "mu" - "warrior" and "do" - mind) and the "traditional" or "soft" practice of Tae Kwon Do that focuses more on self-control, respect and so on, and the more "modern" Tae Kwon Do that focuses more on (controlled) aggressiveness, physical fitness and fighting and competition (which is the one that you see in martial arts competitions)

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From my research so far, most Eastern martial arts are originated by the Bushido code, sometimes known simply as Budo or Bu, which has deeply philosophical-religious-spiritual ties with Shinto whose concepts and teachings are difficult to explain concretely (like the emphasis on "ki" or "chi" which are basically spiritual life energy that is defined as the essence of everything and every living being and can be controlled and exerted to your will if controlled correctly. Basically it is like the Force from Star Wars) where the Bushido code have been a very strict, yet also general code for the samurai to follow that focused a lot on integrity, honour, courage, self-control, and respect (there is a general criticism nowadays that modern martial arts focused too much on the competition and little on their connections with Bushido).

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However, despite that the samurai have been a very respected social class in Feudal Japan for centuries, there were many conflicts in Feudal Japan and there were even different kinds of Samurai like pirate samurai ("Wokou"), masterless samurai ("Ronin") who were treated with a status that was similar to criminals as they were treated as people with shame and dishonour (mostly for not committing the seppuku after they lost their master), there were even black Samurai ("Yasuke").

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Because of this, I am assuming that not every samurai followed the Bushido code to the rule and considering that Feudal Japan experienced changes throughout history too, I am assuming that even different samurai had different codes of their own too (like the pirate samurai or the ronin)

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So what was the Bushido code exactly?

The jump between these two types of watercraft seems really big, and countries were building wooden ships for centuries. What did they do with large wooden warships during this time? Were they used in less important roles? Scuttled?

Given the success of the Berlin airlift just a few years later, and the allied supply difficulties in the European campaigns of 1944-45, was an air counterpart to the red ball express ever considered? Hundreds of aircraft flying into a few hubs closer to the front may have been able to provide a significant boost to tonnage delivered?

I am trying to track down my great uncle james howarth I know he was a piper on the Rodney then in the marines then sas, he was on a ship that went down in ww2 were there were only 3 survivors any one know which ship that was

i’m looking for the authentic way which specifically Marcus Tullius Cicero would have written/spelled his own name. it’s to my understanding that much of the english alphabet is altered and adapted from the alphabet used in Cicero’s time. If anybody could help, and possibly provide a source if possible, i’d be grateful :)

tldr: how do you write in proper latin Marcus Tullius Cicero

My understanding is that there's a shift towards fewer bulls and more encyclicals in the 19th century, maybe associated with the First Vatican Council in 1870? I am not Catholic and never attended Catholic schools.

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Hello everyone, I'm making a small game based around the scottish clans during the 13th and 14th century. Where could I find sources describing a clans overall wealth/fighting power/septs during this time?

I imagine he was punished somehow, but what exactly happened to him? Was he banished/executed? Or was he let free and did whatever else you'd do after inadvertently starting a world war

I was browsing /r/askreddit (the most reliable source known to mankind #obvi) and I came across a comment which implied that the Victorian English every so often staged photoshoots with their recently deceased kin.

Is there any truth to this claim, and if so... why?