As the title says.

How often would a legion be actively campaigning and what would the rate of casualties be?

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Excluding large-scale defeats such as Arausio, Carrhae, Teutoborg where I imagine massive numbers of veterans would be killed while working out their term.

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Would the majority of their service time be spent as an occupying force with little action.?

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^^^^ I'm struggling to phrase this part right. Those defeats are obviously outliers that wiped out veteran troops but what was the attrition rate like in quieter periods?

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How confident would a Legionary be of making it 25 years provided he didn't end up involved in one of the aforementioned defeats?

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Would there have been a level of success that a legion could have where the state would actually not be able to afford to provide land to the sheer amount of surviving veterans? Would the conquering of new lands have always balanced this out? Did the land grants have any influence on the amount of expansion and conquering that Rome was involved in?

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If there was a strain put on the state in providing land would there have ever been an attempt by the Senate to throw specific veteran units into campaigns where they could be assured of having a number of troops killed, thereby lessening the burden?

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I'm not sure what time frame to put on this to get the best answers. Wikipedia mentions that the legions became mostly comprised of barabrian troops by the time of Diocletian. So I think I should specify from the time of the reforms (105BC to circa 200AD.

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Edit: I have scanned through the FAQ section and now see that a similar question has been asked and answered.

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There doesn't seem to have been anything like my second point asked before though:

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The burden on the state and the influence that may have had on Roman expansion and the usage of specific units in campaigns. I'd still be very interested in that if it's at all possible to answer

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How far would you have to go back before a contemporary Scandivanian would look at you funny is you say "Swedes, Norwegians and Danes are separate peoples!"? When did Norsemen begin to differentiate among themselves?

After reading numerous works regarding german concentration camps/The Holocaust I realise that i have never come across descriptions of the people labelled with the Green Triangle. They are (assumedly with reason) described as "close" to the perpetrators (Kapos/trusties), albeit of course still imprisoned in a concentration camp and hence in some regard also victims. As far as Black Triangles at least in Ravensbruck Sara Helm still made an attempt, with quite some difficulty in " If this is a woman" in 2015, but with the greens i have drawn a blank so far.

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Anyone with any insight on this?

I have an interest in World Federalism and recently read the book The Anatomy of Peace, by Emery Reves. I found it to be an interesting read after gathering some more information on Reves and his book I found a quote from Albert Einstein who recommended the book during an interview. I would like to read that interview, but I cannot seem to find it anywhere.

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The interview supposedly appeared in "the Atlantic" in November 1945 or 1947 (I have seen both dates mentioned, there may have been two interviews). I found some text related to Einstein from November 1947 on the site of the Atlantic, but that didn't seem to be an actual interview, nor did it mention Anatomy of Peace. So my question is: Does this interview really exists and if so, where could I read a complete transcript of it?

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Nazi Germany annexed all other territory ceded to other nations in the Treaty of Versailles, why did they not take back this region?

With the new Queen biopic out, it'd be interesting to know how much Live Aid actually helped in Ethiopia, especially with so much recent scrutiny over foreign aid involvement in Africa. Is there any way to quantify its impact?

I’m just wondering because as imperial colonies or dominions they were still nominally British

To clarify, I’m doing some personal research on the history of slavery as I have a very general and limited knowledge on the subject and it is a topic that is brought up frequently it seems in casual to deep political conversations around me. I don’t have enough information to properly form opinions in many areas concerning this topic

I’ve tried googling but everything is extremely american-centric or in reference to Greece/Rome or the Caribbeans when I know many other periods of slavery existed and in many other societies

I’m also interested in pin pointing some of the worst cases of its existence throughout history (even if that includes current human trafficking)

I love reading so big books would be fantastic and I’d really, idealistically, like to find anything that covers from as far back as possible, to as current as possible

Thanks everyone in advance!

I am looking for articles or books on the techniques, skills, preparations, inspirations, etc. of Chinese artists during the northern song dynasty mainly focusing on the silk ink paintings. It has been hard to track down articles about the detailed process.

Thank you so much!

From what I understand, the fascist movement lingered in Italy for a long time after the war had ended, and even decades after the war, some of its leading members were part of neo-fascist movements.

Do we have good records reflecting the inflow and outflow of bullion reserves from the 16th century onward?

So its pretty common for people to cite the crisis of the third century as being the beginning of the end for the western roman empire. That after that the cost necessary to run the empire became increasingly difficult to raise resulting in a slow downward spiral. But are we looking at it in a too deterministic manor? I mean it was a massive blow to the empire but it would take another century for Rome's actual territorial integrity to start to be chipped away.

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I majored in history & would like to get my graduate degree, but it has been about 2 years since I graduated.

Due to floundering in my freshman & sophomore years as a physics major I graduated with about a 2.9 gpa, but in my history major I had better than a 3.8.

I'd like to specialize in pre-modern Islamic cultural history (particularly regarding the Abbasid Caliphate). I know that I will need at least a basic understanding of the history & I will need the ability to speak Arabic. What else could/should I do to prepare for applying to grad school in Fall 2020? How could I make myself a more appealing candidate?

Title pretty much covers my question. We know the NRA these days opposes any form of gun control, but I was curious how this first effort at controlling a form of gun sales was treated by that group, and if there was any blow-back (pardon the term) by pro-gun groups despite the recent tragedy.