When you look at a modern map of the original states of what became America, you see a lot of European names used for place names, such as the Hudson River, the Delaware River, Cape Henry, and Cape Charles. However, even along the Eastern Seaboard, a number of Native American names were also used, and appear to be pretty dominant as you go west from the sea board.

What caused the shift of naming conventions?

Hello,

Does someone have a recommendation for books/articles about Transylvania in about 1500-1867? Or perhaps some scholars who are researching the area? I'm at a complete loss.

Thanks in advance!

I know puppet Shoguns and kidnapping or usurping Shoguns were a key part of the Sengoku Jidai for different Daimyo to grab for power, but was anything happening with the Emperors? I can imagine if a Daimyo somehow managed to convince the Emperor to endorse them it would give them even more legitimacy than the Shogun, and during the Meiji Restoration the Emperor successfully wrested control of the government from the Shogunate. Were the Emperor's strictly apolitical during this time period, did they have opinions on the respective Oda, Toyotomi, or Tokugawa Shoguns, or any preference on the outcome of the climactic Battle of Sekigahara?

Since I can’t really find a straight yes or no answer for this, was the berserker in the Battle of Stamford Bridge real? Is there any historical basis or was it just some weird legend?

I tried looking for Russian Science Fiction from the cold war but can't seem to find any? Is there actually such thing? I just wanted to see examples of Communist Science Fiction or how their science fiction is like.

I'm writing a historical fiction, and I wanted to know things like

• the layout of towns
• the building structure
• what the living conditions were
• what kind of major events were happening around that time

Please ask if you need clarification on any of the questions! Thank you.

I'm currently working on several late Medieval Italian images of the so-called 'Sunday Christ' and I'm wondering if anyone might know of any resources for translating early dialects of the Italian language? Or, if anyone may be able to assist in translating a short inscription that appears in a manuscript from `1500:

Et però vi commando (et) vo' che sia / el dì della domenica guardato / et che sanctificate tutta via / et sia ogni exercitio abandonnato / né mai per priegi della madre mia / né mai per pregar dell'angelo beato / a chi non guarderà el dì benedecto / no(n) gli perdonnerò questo è l'effectto.

Any help would be greatly appreciated!

Basically the title, I've looked for a scholarly source for this quote, but all I find is the quote with no context.

I always assumed that the idea that Odin was hanged by the feet was diffused by new age interpretations related to the tarot card, but discussing this matter I have been told that norse animal sacrifices were hanged by the feet and then slaughtered, so Odin in "giving himself to himself" should have done the same

Surely it wasn't only after common descent was proposed that everybody went "oh you know what, I never noticed but these chimps DO look kinda human".

Also, there were many other maritime disasters in the 19th and 20th centuries which saw hundreds of deaths each, even if the number of deaths was smaller than on the Titanic. Why have they all been basically forbidden while only the Titanic is remembered?

It seems to me that even though losing Midway would be frustrating for the US the Japanese would not be able to hold it long term. Their fleet would leave eventually leaving the island open to be retaken from Hawaii. Surely the US would realize this.

Even if they didn't realize it was a trap, I'd think they wouldn't risk the Navy's remaining carriers against a superior foe.

Did the Japanese consider this possiblity? Was it a safe assumption that the US would sortie the carriers to defend the island as they hoped?

I’ve always heard these were used to fill bureaucratic positions during Chinese history, and that they occasionally allowed for some movement between social classes. But what I don’t know is what the tests consisted of.

Were they specific to certain positions, or we’re they general tests similar to an SAT or an ASVAB? I imagine math would be a topic, but what else would be asked?

I am a history teacher and was talking with a co-worker today about art history. She said to me that pre-Renaissance art was not depicted in a realistic way because there was a belief at the time that depicting the world realistically in art was seen as anti-christian.

Basically the logic goes something like, "if we depict the world as it is we are trying to be like God and that's not our place".

My understanding of the shift of art from the middle ages to the Renaissance has been that there were developments in painting practices/technologies that enabled more realistic painting. (For example the inclusion of 3 point perspective)

My question is, to what extent was the "unrealistic" art of the middle ages a result of religious ideas vs the development of new artistic techniques or "technologies"?

Can anyone recommend me a tome that would give me a broader understanding of boethius in context of his time, philosophy and influence?

For personal background, I am not a historian, just a Jewish person with an obsessive interest in Jewish history, and one of the topics I’ve fixated on for years is figuring out the roots of modern Protestant Christianity’s specific philosemitic fixation (especially Evangelical Christianity) on Jewish people and Zionism. I already have a lot of this figured out through looking at things that were said by Cotton Mather in Colonial America, the British Israelites, the London Jews Society (which then had a branch in the U.S.) and so on.

But I want to have more of a discussion about this, especially because Jewish reactions to this were... relatively unrecorded, except in newspapers by the London Jews Society and their American branch. Does anyone know if there are any recorded earlier reactions from Jewish people about this philosemitism?

EDIT: Just want to make this clear, the London Jews Society did have an American branch. They were called the American Baptist Society for Evangelizing the Jews but were very small and unsuccessful. I think we already have some recorded reactions to Christian philosemitism in the anglosphere, such as the Jewish reactions to how Judah Monis was treated, and RELATIVELY assimilated (or wanted to assimilate into white Christian hegemony) Jews like Mordecai Manuel Noah. I just want to know if there's any direct responses to the specific Christian philosemitism (as a type of antisemitism to be very clear) that was emerging, such as by someone like Asher Levy or any similar figures in the pre-civil war US or UK.