I was just wondering how these suffix names like ‘the conqueror’ or ‘the lionheart’ actually originated from and why (if we know)?

Were they created by the historical figure as sort of a modern day tagline? Were the names added before or after events? For example, was William the Conqueror called ‘the Conqueror’ before he actually Conquered anything? Did they arise ‘organically’ from ‘the people’ or nobles? Finally, when and why did this tradition of naming stop being used?

(Also, what is the actual technical name for these things?)

My question is focused on European history starting after the fall of Rome.

After reading a couple of wikipediapages, I can't really pinpoint when Christianity was adopted in the Roman Empire. 313, 380 and 391 are years which I ready. If someone could explain the different phases I would be grateful!

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According to Wikipedia Emperor Claudius wrote several works of historical interest, like his 20 volume work on Etruscan history, and his Etruscan dictionary. So how come his works were destroyed, or why do none of his works survive?

Yes, this is a Game of Thrones inspired question

Not sure if this is the right place to post this, but I'm in the process of writing a paper on the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and while I've found countless amazing secondary sources (including Racing the Enemy), I'm having trouble finding primary sources. Often the secondary sources will quote generals' memoirs, so I'm wondering if anyone could recommend me ones to check out, and more importantly how I can view them for free - I'm working on a budget and a deadline and won't get paid again until well after this paper is due.

Thanks in advance to anyone who may reply!

December 31st 1944 (as in 1945 is tomorrow) if the question isn't clear*

If I'm the average Berliner at this point, what am I being told about how the war is going? Will I have enough rations/supplies to prepare cakes or other celebratory dishes, or will it be more bare-bones? Are all my male relatives within a given age range off fighting in the war, or will I have even a small chance of seeing them stop by the house?

And would most Berliners believe the constant reminders that victory is around the corner, or does everything already seem just about lost?

I've read that it was written around 400 BC, but was wondering when our earliest documents are dated today,

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Edit: *sink MY teeth into. Proofreading is not my strong suit

Things like Theophile, Hippolyte, whatnot. I've seen that a lot with 19th century notable Frenchmen, but I'm hesitant to say that only French people followed this naming convention. Was there some intellectual movement in France that influenced people to have these 'ancient' names? Did other 'cultures' have similar examples of having ancient names despite it being the 1800s?

Just to clarify what I mean (because I don't know the actual terms for these), something "canon" would be what the book of Genesis is to Christianity, and something "fanfiction" would be Dante's Inferno.

(I hope this is permitted- if not, I'll happily delete)