If I were to become a historian of rome/greece, would I have to learn latin and greek? Is it really necessary? Haven't most texts been translated to English?

I was nosing through some books in someone's research pile the other day and came across a reference to Mary--Mary, the Blessed Virgin, Mother of Jesus, yes, that Mary, just so there's no confusion--with the title of Queen of Hell and Demons.

Book got taken away from me by the student doing research before I could find out what was going on. Suffice to say, that's a new one for me. What's going on?

They're both unusual name choices as they don't seem to be names necessarily, but descriptions of what they are.

This leads me to believe the UK inspired the US's name, considering their interwoven history.

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I posted this question in /r/askhistory and got unsatisfactory answers. I hope this is the right place.

By "pre-industrial", I guess I mean medieval and bronze age, mainly. I've always heard about how salt has been used to preserve food (for the winter) for a very long time. When did this practice actually start?

Making salt is labor-intensive, so how did poor farmers get enough of it?

How did subsistence farmers 500-1500 years ago preserve their food, if not with salt? If they used salt, how they procure it? Did they barter or pay for it or produce it themselves (if so, how?)? If they didn't use salt, when did that become a thing?

If I were to hop into the TARDIS and travel back to ancient Egypt, would I find that the soldiers, military officers, scribes, and priests all somewhere between the ages of 13-19? I don't necessarily mean that ancient Egyptians were "teenagers" (esp. given the contextually relative nature of that term), since obviously they would be working, but in terms of their physical appearances? Or perhaps they would physically age quicker because of having worked outdoors?

What kinds of dirty tricks, scams, malfeasance and misfeasance could one find in the early stock market? How common was it? Was insider trading illegal? How were financial crimes policed? Could an owner of a company sell short and then sabotage production? Did financial crimes tie into the Dutch revolt, thirty years war, the slave trade and the colonization of the new world? Were there any funny Dutch words to describe such filmflammery? (Answering any one of these would be appreciated!)

Like, did they have a fair understanding that Rome was not long for this world?

Also how long did it take for the news of the collapse to spread across it's former territories and surrounding groups (such as the Eastern Roman Empire, Germanic Tribes, and Northern Africans)? What were their reactions?

I am trying to learn more about the early guided bombs (especially guidance systems) but i've struggled to find much on the v1. Are there even any surviving ones?

Obviously if you get hit directly in the brain or heart you'd die pretty fast but other than that did bows typically just bleed their victims out or were some of the more powerful bows capable of killing people as fast as something like a modern rifle?

My understanding is that hockey was developed in Canada in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. How did it then become popular in northern and eastern Europe? My understanding of this period in Canadian history is that we did not have close relations with any of these nations. Did it develop organically and independently in each area?

On paper, it seems like Peru and Bolivia should had won that war but Chile was able to easily defeat both nations and gain a tremendous amount of territory. This question has not be on here before so I'm curious as to what some historians have to say about this war.

Did political parties or factions form in the legislatures of each the colonies? Were there local branches of the Whig and Tory parties that existed in the British parliament?

A number of truly ancient sites such as Stonehenge, the Goseck circle, or any number of primitive European circles and henges, have orientations and architectural features that correspond with solstices. How would an ancient people have determined which of these days were the shortest/longest without an ability to time sunrises and sunsets or accurate astronomical measurement equipment?