I've been trying to see if I can find any but I can't.

In the time between Hiroshima and Nagasaki were their any attempts or plans at counter attacking the allies? And how did the Japanese government handle the crisis?

My wife and I home school our children, and we are now teaching them about American history. We worked backwards, starting with the Cold War and WWII, working our way back through WWI, prohibition, the "progressive era," manifest destiny and the Civil War. Soon we'll be learning about the War of Independence, the Constitution and the Founding Fathers.

All of the age-appropriate material is extremely deferential to George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson etc and treats American Independence as an unquestionably noble cause. This concerns me, because I've done a bit of research into the era, and much of the country's founding myths are just that, myths. A good example is the idea that British administration in America was uniquely tyrannical, when in fact American colonists had more representation and outlets for popular sovereignty than people in the UK proper did. Another is the so called "Intolerable Acts" which weren't particularly intolerable by any sort of standard, they were taxes levied on the colonies to cover the cost of their defense, and the granting of autonomy to the newly conquered Québec which allowed them to remain Francophone, use French civil law and practice their Catholic faith openly under the Protestant British administration. Finally, there's the reality that for all the rhetoric about liberty, the United States was intended to be an aristocratic slaver republic, Congress in it's original form and franchise was less representative than parliament and it was only due to the British Empire's embargo on the slave trade in the early 19th century that the slave economy of America began to whither, which made abolitionism a viable popular movement.

I would like to learn more about the loyalist side of the war and I'm very interested in knowing the names and biographies of the leaders of the loyalist cause.

(Admittedly, there is the probability that at least some of the actual pilgrims were there more to see the aurora. More significant is that our reports of the events come from educated authors in London and Paris, a better parellel to our early medieval Bishop of Tours.)

Tell me stories about humans' relationship with air and space!

Next week: Unifications and Unions

Suppose he can get an astronomical book but didn't have any elaborate equipment. Can he make his own equipment from scratch? Can he make star maps? Since astronomical equipment wasn't something that sold in ordinary shop. I want to know in 1200-1300 Europe, Middle East, or Far East.

Thanks

There's scattered mention of such a relationship on various online sources, but I'm unclear about how it could work.

King Malcolm, according to wikipedia, often raided Northumbria and lusted for those lands. Tostig was Duke of Northumbria during this time; it doesn't seem like circumstances conducive to a friendship.

I'm reading an interview in a French magazine of a Japanese veteran, Kuniyoshi Takimoto, who served on the Hiryu during the battle of Midway, where it was sunk.

At some point he says (quickly translated from French) :

A lot of survivors aren't even wounded. If they're set free, they might talk so they're gathered in a special unit : Unit 500, because they are 500 of them -- usually, a name is given to a unit but in this case, only a number is attributed. All the survivors in our ship are thus send to the Southern Pacific, the most dangerous place at the time. I'm lucky : because I'm being hospitalized for a month, I survive. If I had been sent there, I would have died too.

Although it sort of strike me as something the Japanese Navy would do, I can't find any information online about "Unit 500" or the fate of the surviving sailors of the Hiryu. Also I'm quite curious about the length the Japanese Navy went to in order to conceal the defeat at Midway, either within the army or to the Japanese population.

Was there something different in the western European society and in the western Church of the late eleventh century, compared with the mid seventh century, that helps explain why the call for a crusade was successful at that time?

During my undergrad I enjoyed her shows/videos because they were often a good synopsis on what I was studying. She didn't seem to steer into pop history that often and aligned mostly with what I learned in lectures. It gave me an opportunity to hear a reliable synopsis of ancient history, which I wasn't always familiar with. I didn't use her shows to replace my class but to give an overview that would familiarize me with topics I hadn't studied before. Would you say her newest series, as picked up on Netflix, is reliable? She seems, to me, still very keen on representing things in an unbiased​​ viewpoint that leads to a great discussion. At the same time, she is a great presenter. So, as much as I "trust" her I'm surprised Netflix picked up this series given the modern "history" shows.

From what I understand some fighters had virtually no armor (say the A6M Zero) or self-sealing fuel tanks, but other fighters had a armor plates (say behind the pilot), more rugged construction (say thicker metal on the wings, fuselage, "armored" windscreens [I take that to mean thick glass?], etc).

Were there typical placements of armor plates protecting the pilot or did it vary considerably? What are some good resources for looking into this?

I know the question is pretty broad, so apologies for that.

So I'm 14 years old and Jewish (although I really don't identify with Judaism at all and I'm pretty sure I'm an atheist), and I feel so awful inside when I see people (both online and in real life) say things such as "the holocaust never happened" or "Jews are a parasite that need to be eliminated". To know that these people think of me as a parasite, when I haven't even done anything to them nor have I even accomplished anything of significance in life, just makes me feel so weird and awful inside.

But I realize that I'm not the only one in history to have felt this way, so I want to learn more about why Jewish people have constantly been discriminated against and why they've been kicked out of so many countries. So many anti-semites say "the Jews have been kicked out of like 100+ countries, that's proof that they need to go", and I really want to know more about this claim and why they have been kicked out of so many countries. I figured turning to people who answer questions like these for a living would help me a lot.

Thanks!

I was watching the movie "The Promise" yesterday (Starring Oscar Isaac and Christian Bale). The film takes place in the Ottoman Empire during the Armenian Genocide. For some reason, everyone was calling the city Constantinople. From my understanding it makes sense for Christian Bale's character to call it Constantinople (he plays an American journalist), but I thought the Armenians would have called it Istanbul.

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There were many tribes and it seems like they had a lot of contact with each other. So were they multilingual people? If so, then who were the people that could speak the other languages? Everyone in the tribe or only the chiefs? Or were surrounding languages related enough so that they could still understand each other, like Spanish and Portuguese?

Emil Bednarek was a kapo in Aschwitz-Birkenau. He was convicted of life imprisonment in the 1965 first Frankfurt Trail. He was convicted of murder and sentenced to life imprisonment. Wikipedia says he died in 2001, but I am unable to find a reputable source for this. I can kinda sorta read German, but my university doesn't have access to any of the major German newspapers. I cannot find a source for if Bednarek died in prison, or was released on parole at some point. Can anyone help point me in the right direction?

Was there a large battle between the military government and the court? And what exactly was the Court in Kyoto like during the Shogunate? (for example, did they still dress in Heian court dress like the Junihitoe?)

I know that the US was the most powerful, and that the Nazis followed closely after, but what about the other powers? How did Britain and the Soviet Union rank on the list? Japan? Italy? Spain?

When you learn about the rise of Hitler, something that is often brought up is how the SA (The paramilitary wing of the Nazi Party) fought in the streets with the paramilitary wings of the Communist Party. How did different segments of German society respond to the violence between these groups?