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For all i've read byzantines in 800 ad were rich and were technologically advanced compared to early medieval europe, why didn't they conquer them, all of them, and then focus on arabs and the abbassid caliphate to reconquer lands just like justinian did ?

Sorry for the run-on

My novel takes place in that era when England was just emerging into its Renaissance.

• at what age would a female be referred to as woman or males as a man? would it be different for servants than for ladies and gents? • what advantages did royal/noble fathers get from arranging marriages for their daughters, since dowries came with the marriages of their sons? • when was it not allowed for women to ride astride horses the way the indigenous women of England did in Mists of Avalon? • when did they first practice armwrestling and what was it called? • if they had to travel in the rain in a carriage, how did they cover the windows? • what term was used for the lowly servants who were commoners – kitchen help, stable workers, etc. • when river men moored boats at fairgrounds, was there someone whose job it was to help moor them, watch over them, for a fee? what would this person be called?

thank you!

We're any famous American battlefields reused in other conflicts? For example, would valley forge have been reused in the civil war? Or any other revolutionary battlefields reused in the civil war? I would imagine that many places held similar strategic values and were reused to some extend, but to what extent?

I know these [names are my imagination]:
-Thumbs up: "Kill this gladiator", as opposed to covering it up to mean "Spare him". Presumably by Late Roman times had evolved into "Okay", especially with the Gladiatorial ban (did it perhaps continue in other games such as in the Byzantine Empire's chariot races?)
-Middle finger: designating a penis with the hand.
-The wave: to signal someone's attention or greet them.
-The double finger salute: used in Christian art, presumably also a real life symbol for Christians.
-The Greek wave: used by Greeks, like the wave but inwards.
-The perfect: making a circle with the thumb and forefinger, meaning perfect or okay.
What are some other ones that we know about?

That is in terms of morality. I read once that the Greek and Roman religions had little to do with good and evil and living a moral life, but more on survival until tomorrow. If that is so, what did they think of good and evil and right and wrong?

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My husband is listening to "The Time Traveler's Guide to Elizabethan England" By Ian Mortimer. His sounds so interesting! I am listening to it when he finishes, but what are some similar books that take you back in time to give you 'a day in the life' view?

Recently read an article discussing the State Department's upcoming overhaul and it mentioned how extensive the reforms for the military after Vietnam were. What exactly was changed, and why?

From heraldry to pure symbolism to tales, the sword seems to have won out in the European history from medieval times and on.

What can he said on the cultural significance and use of the spear? why did the sword win out quantatively in cultural appearance over the spear, when the spear was so prominent, even being the only weapon used at times with swords being more rare

Am I missing a hidden cultural history on Spears?

Was there cultural significance of the spear that gave way to the sword or had the spear never been prominent as an object of interest in culture or literature? I know it has, in mythology like the spear of Artemis. But I am wondering if the significance of spear lessened or changed as time went on.

During the early and middle 20th century, it was extremely common for almost all hotels, ranging the gamut from low to high rent, to have a house detective. This is no longer common practice. When and why did this fall out of favor?

The commonwealth sounds multinational and I understand that the Prussians Russians and Austrians led to the PLC's eventual downfall but was the Sejum weak because of its multinational root or was it just a weak form of government.

In the game Crusader Kings 2, something that tends to develop with great frequency is something known as 'border gore', where a kingdom's borders become very irregular, with lots of exclave territories. The primary way that this happens is due to inheritance, either a vassal of one kingdom inheriting land in another kingdom, or a vassal ends up with territory in multiple realms after a single realm is divided under 'gavelkind' inheritance. In history, how were these types of situations handled? Was the vassal forced to give up territory outside his liege's realm? Would some lords be vassals of multiple kings, having holdings in there various realms? Or was this something that was usually resolved via warfare?

In vietnam there are photos of soldiers storing weapon lubricant, cigarettes, deet and various other items in their helmets. But even though the bands are still used up to today you never see them holding items in them. I'd assume it's due to stricter uniform regulations but I couldn't find an answer online.