Since Lions aren't native animals in Europe, how did they become so popular to use on emblem and crests?

I'm doing some research on the Roman Empire, and this would be helpful for outlining their faults and failures. My research is more specifically about the army but this will at least give me an Idea of how such an accomplished empire fell.

What did the relatively 'High-tech' British, American, German and Japanese forces use? What about China, USSR, or the minor powers?

I am curious if, during the specific time period of the transatlantic slave trade, there were pirates who preferentially targeted slave ships. In particular, I would like to know if during this time period, there were any accounts of pirates who commandeered a vessel and freed its captives.

I'd be interested in Central Europe and also in Britain. Konrad talks about letting the woman drink the black ambered up water and then basically waiting (for how long he does not say) if she can "hold her water". Assuming he means not to pee, what link did urination and virginity have in the minds of 14th century scholars of nature (that almost sounds like you were gonna get UTI automatically just by having sex, but that obviously is my silly conjecture). And what other ways to test the virginity were there?

Now that I've been thinking about it, it's pretty odd. How did this come to be the case? Why did Einstein enter the common vernacular instead of someone else?

It was in Southwest Virginia. I was walking through the woods with my grandfather about 5 years ago, and we were searching for a good spot to set up a "blind", we started seeing these green plants that turned out to be un-bloomed dandelions. And almost instantly he says that there must be a grave site ahead. These dandelions were EVERYWHERE; when we reached the top of the hill, we discovered a bunch of "caved in" indentions in the ground with some of the indentions possessing a blank stone(presumably a headstone?). There were probably 8-10 in total. So my questions are: were dandelions, in the past, used to mark a location of a burial ground? And, seeing as some time has passed, HOW do I contact the proper people? Or do you think records may already exist? I'm not sure that there will be, as the stones were completely blank. I also want to specify that at the time, i didn't have the impression that people really didn't care about things like this and wouldn't find it important. I'm not able to talk with my grandfather because he shot himself in June.

And how often was this the case? Were their ever legal restrictions in place, or societal or cultural stigmas to prevent it from happening more often? Or was it simply (or compounded by) a case of politics (knowledge is power)?

A chapter of the book I'm reading is about that but I'm terrible at understanding politics so it was way over my head. ELI5?

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I know from experience that the cheap, acidic paper that was used from the mid-19th to mid-20th century ages quite poorly. I would assume that engraved marble would be very durable, with (baked) clay tablets perhaps second. (I welcome correction on any of this.)

What about other materials? Papyrus? Birch bark, like the Novgorod letters? Bamboo, like the Guodian strips? Parchment / Velum? Linen rag paper? Does it vary much by condition? Would parchment survive in some conditions where linen rag paper would be destroyed, but other conditions would ruin parchment while preserving paper?

I've heard a bit about anti-intellectualism in American culture. I'm not American and I have a hard time wrapping my mind around the notion. It may be an element of my culture too but I don't understand it enough to notice.

What are the roots of this phenomenon? How significant has it been for American culture and politics? I'd welcome answers related to similar Western societies.

Edit: I should clarify. I mean was there a stage or film performance that was disseminated enough to create some type of agreement on what the monster looked like? I know film would have been in it's infancy prior to this, but is there anything out there that people saw?

Almost all Chinese buildings seem to be made of wood, even the structures made to last like temples and palaces.

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