How did the various countries clean up the rubble and repair damage to critical infrastructure in the wake of the various WW2 bombing campaigns i.e. Germans after B-17 raids, Japan after fire bombing and England during the Battle of Britain?

Who ran it? Was the military supplying the manpower or was it a civilian auxiliary job? And if your home or place of work is destroyed, what would the survivors do?

I wouldn't be surprised if the British used this tactic in isolated occasions but I never seem to hear about British sharpshooters picking off American commanders(obviously guerilla tactics from local forces and perhaps uniform variables apply). If the rifles were so accurate, why not use them en masse? Why did it take so long for the musket to be over taken? What was the discussion amongst British command at the time over the issue of American Sharpshooters picking off officers?

Also, any information regarding what would be the first formalized rifle-sharpshooting brigade on either side would be great.

Thanks!

I was reading about the history of the Netherlands Antilles, and it mentioned that when Aruba became a separate constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Dutch planned for it to become independent no later than 1996, which was accepted only reluctantly, and then rejected completely.

Was this common during the decolonization period, for nations to steer former colonies to independence even against popular opinion? If so, why?

Chamberlain has really been given the short end of the stick historically but I do wonder if his strategy was historically proven to be correct.

I am definitely not a historian but I have heard that one example of this was the RAF as they really needed the extra year to be ready as the Spitfire had not really been introduced in 1938 and the Hurricane was only used in limited numbers. Compare that to the Luftwaffe the Messerschmitt Me 109 which was fully operational in 1938 so if a war happened a year earlier the RAF would not have been ready and the Luftwaffe would have been.

This is one example I can think of (and it may not be correct) but are there any other examples of the war being delayed a year actually helping the British over the Germans and thus suggesting Chamberlain's appeasement strategy was the correct one, and that if the British went to war in 1938 the outcome would have been worse than if they went to war in 1939?

Thanks.

Why does it seem there was a lack of support for the strike? Does this suggest a lack of support for Castro?

Would it have consisted mainly of the freeborn or ex-slaves? Singles or family units? Well-to-do or destitute? Favoring males or females? Young or elderly? Employed in what capacity?

I know this has happened in several countries of Latin America and around the world, but I've never heard of it happening in Brazil from a reliable source.

In the Qu'ran, Mohammed is clearly against the act of suicide, no matter the reason.

Recently, I came across a statement that the people who changed this line of thinking where Ayatollah Khomeini and Hafez al-Assad. Which...Doesn't make any sense because majority of terror groups are Sunni and I doubt they care what Shia leaders say.

What made this method acceptable?

In Austria there was a province called the Kingdom of Lodomeria and Galicia. I've found lots of references to Galicia but I can't find an actual map of Lodomeria. What is that place and where was it? Why did the Austrians choose that name instead of using the much more famous Galicia?

Edited to add a quote from William found on wikipedia--

It would not be easy to believe that the corpses of the dead should sally (I know not by what agency) from their graves, and should wander about to the terror or destruction of the living, and again return to the tomb, which of its own accord spontaneously opened to receive them, did not frequent examples, occurring in our own times, suffice to establish this fact, to the truth of which there is abundant testimony.

This is about the Vietnam war. I've been trying to find one for an hour now and looked everywhere I could. I need this for a school project, but don't know which resources I could use. Any help would be awesome!

I hope I'm not breaking any rules, but a quick check led me to believe that this is fine.

In the latest episode of my history podcast about Pearl Harbor, I focused on the Ni'ihau Incident.
I spent a lot of time giving thought to what Shigenori Nishikaichi felt that his end game might be in the situation. Surely, after a submarine never arrived to pick him up, he must have known that he wasn't getting off of the island alive, but for some reason, he kept searching for Howard Kaleohano, the man who had pulled him from his plane and taken his "papers."
Nishikaichi even went so far as to essentially hold the entire village of Pu'uwai hostage in an effort to get them back. What could have possibly been contained in the papers that would lead him to resorting to these lengths to retrieve them?

I hope this appropriate here; I'm really interesting in learning a bit more about the Royal Navy during its wars with Revolutionary France and Napoleon. I'd be particularly interested in checking out some good pictures or visuals for how the interior of the vessels would have appeared at the time.

Unfortunately, I guess my google-skills are lacking and I'm having trouble finding anything worthwhile. Would someone terribly mind pointing me in a good direction?

It is often said that Islam used to be a lot more diverse than it is today (in the modern era). What is the history of this diversity in the place of origin of Islam itself? Has this region been a center where multiple sects could flourish or has it been a center of orthodoxy?