The centrality of land in pre-colonial Africa and America

A common feature of media depictions of indigenous Americans in particular is a deep connection to 'the Land' and a preoccupation with its purity and their sovereignty over it. The same is somewhat true of Africa; the notion of 'tribes' (better described as clans) who have a deep, ancestral connection to the land and rule over it is something that comes up often in Western depictions.

Yet in reality, land as a basis for personal identity and status seems a far more European phenomenon, with roots in feudalism and the emergent nationalism of the 18th and 19th centuries, so I'm suspicious that these preoccupations are more colonial projections rather than true-to-life representations, particularly given that they so often go hand in hand with condescending stereotypes of the noble savage and, in Africa, tribalism. Plus, a lot of what I've read about societies in Africa in particular indicates that in many cases land was subordinate to things like wives, subjects and slaves as an indicator of status.

So where, really, did land enter into the psyche of the many precolonial African and American societies? Are there any that really did have any resemblance to the Western portrayal?

1 Answers 2015-09-20

When did humans realize the need to purify water? What were the first methods?

2 Answers 2015-09-20

What are some examples of popular 18th/19th century scientific and medical ideas that have since been disproven?

2 Answers 2015-09-20

Was the North Africa Campaign really a "War Without Hate"?

I asked this a while ago and the overwhelming preponderance of responses beginning with "my dad says", or "my granddad says", or "my wife's mother's uncle says" resulted in the thread being nuked. So to try again, the North African campaign of the Second World War is sometimes known as the "War Without Hate" owing to how chivalrously the British and Germans supposedly treated each other. Is this borne out by documentary evidence, for example, statistics of how often MPs had to intervene to prevent war crimes or PTSD rates among veterans?

1 Answers 2015-09-20

What happened to Soviet sleeper cells in the U.S after the Soviet Union collapsed?

2 Answers 2015-09-20

How did Polish pilots come to fly in the RAF during the Second World War?

As I understand many Polish (and other eastern European) pilots went to Britain and we're absorbed into the RAF. How did they get there baring in mind that Poland was taken very quickly by Nazi Germany and the USSR. How did they escape?

1 Answers 2015-09-20

If Maya society had already collapsed by the time of contact, what were they doing when they met the Spanish?

Did they still have some semblance of their former society or were they living in scattered villages? Were their pyramids and cities decaying and unoccupied? I am asking because I recently watched Apocolypto and afterwards I read that the Maya depicted in the movie would not have existed when the Spanish colonized.

1 Answers 2015-09-20

Did people in history thought of themselves as modern as we do now?

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2 Answers 2015-09-20

Did anyone ever get in trouble in medieval Europe for marrying their sixth cousin?

I've read that in the ninth century, the Catholic Church banned marriages within seven degrees of consanguinity, meaning that you couldn't marry your sixth cousin. How was this prohibition actually enforced? Was it on you to make sure the person you're marrying wasn't actually your distant relative? Was it only enforced among nobles?

3 Answers 2015-09-20

Atheist/Secular Historians Position On A Historical Jesus

Being an both a history fanatic and an atheist, it annoys me to see so many fellow secularists parade around this "Christ Myth" theory. From what I've read, almost every true historian accepts the existence of a historical Jesus. My question is to you on here whom identify as atheist and/or secular, what is your opinion on Jesus's existence and from what methodology can we determine it by?

4 Answers 2015-09-20

When did decade cultural distinctions become a thing?

For instance, people talk about the 1980's as having a certain cultural distinction (fashion/music/art/etc.). Same with the 1970's & 1960's. How many decades back does this go?

2 Answers 2015-09-20

Human rights in ancient Rome?

Was there ever an organized movement that tried to outlaw gladiatorial combat in ancient Rome as immoral?

1 Answers 2015-09-20

White Terror During And After The Spanish Civil War

While I have heard about the extent of the red terror done during the Spanish Civil War committed by political Leftists and anti-clerics, I have not seen any good info on the extent of the White Terror that was inflicted by Right Wing militias and fascists. Can someone give me some details?

1 Answers 2015-09-20

How were the Chinese so easily defeated in WW2?

2 Answers 2015-09-20

How did Dwight D. Eisenhower go from being a Lt. Gen in 1942 to being named the Supreme Allied commander a little over a year later, and not someone else?

Just curious, as i've only ever heard it was because he was willing to put the allied coalition above just the United States military and political interest. Was there actually more to it than just this?

1 Answers 2015-09-20

The history of youth movement in post-World War II Japan? Until the early 1990s, perhaps.

There are so much we can find information about youth movement in the early 1900s until it leads to WWII. Most of them are ultranationalist movement. The trace of youth and student movement in Japan, however, seem to lost after WWII.

It's peculiar I haven't found anything much in details (except Anpo treaty protest) about Japan's youth movement in the 1960s-1980s, especially considering other countries experienced a very vibrant youth movement in those decades (maybe I just haven't searched enough). It piques my interest that LA Times reports that student protest has finally returned in Japan, in the event of the recent war bill legislation.

So... how was Japan's youth movement since WWII? Book or article recommendation is also greatly appreciated. Thanks!

1 Answers 2015-09-20

War Plan Red

In the late 20's, early 30's, the United States developed War Plan Red. War Plan Red was our plan if we went to war with Great Britain. My question is why did we feel the need to develop a plan for war against Great Britain in the 20th century. Was there underlying issues that the government believed could develop into a conflict? I thought we were really close with Great Britain after WW1. Or was this just one of the thousand of hypothetical plans that the government made over our history.

2 Answers 2015-09-20

I am a Finnish soldier in 1939/40, What would I have in my roughsack?

I am working on a reenactmeant gear, the internet has been verry thin on what the finnish soldier carried with him, I have seen pictures of backpacks, but not what was in it.

5 Answers 2015-09-20

What were Germany's plans in the event that it had won World War I?

You hear a lot after World War II about how the stab-in-the-back myth and how the Peace of Versailles was unnecessarily punitive. But let's put the shoe on the other foot-- what was Germany planning to do to the Allies in the event that the Spring Offensive succeeded in reaching Paris?

1 Answers 2015-09-20

Have hunger relief programs always been around, or are they a more recent phenomena?

Apologies in advance if this question has been asked before.

Today, there are a multitude of programs and organizations that offer hunger relief to those in need (such as the Salvation Army, Red Cross, etc.). In the past, did hunger relief programs exist, or are they a product of the 20th century?

Answers from any era would be much appreciated, but the older the better.

2 Answers 2015-09-20

Were there melee soldiers or ranged soldiers in European armies in the middle ages?

1 Answers 2015-09-20

Sunday Digest | Interesting & Overlooked Posts | September 14, 2015–September 20, 2015

Previous

Today:

Welcome to this week's instalment of /r/AskHistorians' Sunday Digest (formerly the Day of Reflection). Nobody can read all the questions and answers that are posted here, so in this thread we invite you to share anything you'd like to highlight from the last week - an interesting discussion, an informative answer, an insightful question that was overlooked, or anything else.

3 Answers 2015-09-20

What was the first event in recorded history?

1 Answers 2015-09-20

1923 Population Exchange between Greeece and Turkey - what led both Venizelos and Ataturk to come up with this?

Why was it in both of their interests to swap their populations in such a way? Did Ataturk not have any connection or ideal to have his birthplace of Thessaloniki in his new Turkish state?

1 Answers 2015-09-20

How did cocaine come into such high popularity in the 70's?

1 Answers 2015-09-20

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